Ngaba ufuna isihloko esiphezulu kwiphepha lakho lezengqondo? Ngamanye amaxesha kubonakala ngathi kuvela ngcamango enhle yokuba iphepha lilucelomngeni kunokuba uphando kunye nokubhala. Ngethamsanqa, kukho indawo eninzi yokufumana ukuphefumlelwa kwaye uluhlu olulandelayo luqulethe iingcamango ezimbalwa ukukunceda ukuba uqalise.
Ukufumana isihloko esiqinileyo ngenye yezinyathelo ezibalulekileyo xa ubhala naluphi na uhlobo lwephepha. Oku kubaluleke ngakumbi xa ubhala iphepha lophando lwezesayikholo okanye incoko. I-Psychology inesihloko esibanzi, ngoko ufuna ukufumana isihloko esikuvumela ukuba ubhalele ngokufanelekileyo isihloko ngaphandle kokuphazamiseka ngolwazi.
Njengoko uqala uphando lwakho ngesihloko kwiphepha lakho lezengqondo, kubaluleke kakhulu ukuqwalasela izikhokelo ezisungulwe ngumfundisi wakho. Kwezinye iimeko, njengesiqhelo esiphezulu sengqondo, mhlawumbi unakho ukhetho lokukhetha naliphi na isihloko kwisithuba esiphakathi kweengqondo. Ezinye iziganeko, ezifana nesifundo seengqondo esingavamile , kunokufuna ukuba ubhale iphepha lakho kwisifundo esithile njengesifo sengqondo .
Gxininisa kwiNtloko kwiCandelo elikhethekileyo leSychology
Isihluthulelo sokukhetha isihloko esihle kwiphepha lakho lezengqondo kukukhetha into encinci ngokwaneleyo ukukuvumela ukuba ugxininise ngakumbi kwisihloko, kodwa kungekho mncinci kangangokuthi kunzima ukufumana imithombo okanye ulwazi lokubhala ngalo.
Enye indlela kukunciphisa ingqwalaselo yakho kwisifundo kwinqanaba elithile lezengqondo. Ngokomzekelo, unokuqala ngokugqiba ekubeni ufuna ukubhala iphepha kwimibuzo ethile yezopolitiko zentlalo. Okulandelayo, unokunciphisa ugxininiso lwakho phantsi kwindlela ukukholelwa kunokusetyenziswa ngayo ukuchaphazela ukuziphatha.
Ezinye izihloko zengqondo zentlalo onokuyiqwalasela ziquka:
- Ubandlululo kunye nocalucalulo (oko kukuthi, ukuhlaselwa ngabantu, ukuziphatha ngokwesondo, ubuhlanga)
- Ukuqatshelwa kwentlalo
- Umbono womntu
- Isimo sengqondo
- Ulawulo lwezentlalo kunye namacandelo
- Ukusasazeka , iindaba zokuthengisa kunye nokuthengisa
- Umtsalane, uthando kunye nothando
- Uqhagamshelwano olungabonakaliyo
- Ukuziphatha okusemthethweni
- Ubukhokeli
Bhala Ngo-Disorder okanye Uhlobo Lonyango
Ukuhlola ingxaki yengqondo okanye uhlobo oluthile lwezonyango lunokuthi lube sisihloko esihle kwiphepha lezesayikholo. Ezinye izihloko zeengqondo ezingavamile ziquka izifo ezithile zengqondo okanye iindlela ezithile zonyango, kuquka:
- Izidlo zokutya
- Ukuxinezeleka
- Phobias
- Umngcipheko wobuntu bomda
- Ingxaki yonyaka
- Schizophrenia
- Inkathazo yobuntu bomntu
- Iphrofayili uhlobo lonyango (oko kukuthi, unyango lwendlela yokuziphatha, ingonyango yeqela, unyango lwe- psychoanalytic )
Khetha isihloko esichazwe kwiCognition yabantu
Ezinye zezihloko onokuzihlola kulo mmandla ziquka ukucinga, ulwimi, ubulumko kunye nokwenza izigqibo. Ezinye iimbono zingabandakanya:
- Iphupha
- Iingcamango ezingamanga
- Ukuqwalasela
- Ukuqonda
- ULwimi
- Iingxaki zokuthetha
- Ukulungisa ingxaki
- U kugweba
Cinga isihloko esichazwe kuPhuhliso lwaBantu
Kule ndawo, ungakhetha ukugxila kwimicimbi echaphazelekayo ebuntwaneni bokuqala njengoluphuhliso lweelwimi, ukufunda kwintlalo, okanye ukuxhamla kwabantwana okanye mhlawumbi ukhetha ukugxila kwimicimbi echaphazela abantu abadala abadala njengengqondo yokugula okanye i-Alzheimer's disease.
Ezinye izihloko onokuziqwalasela ziquka:
- Ukuxhatshazwa
- Ukufumana ulwimi
- Ubundlobongela bamaphephandaba kunye nabantwana
- Ukukhubazeka kokufunda
- Iindima zesini
- Uhlukunyezo lwabantwana
- Uphuhliso lwangaphambi kokubeleka
- Izindlela zabazali
- Iinjongo zokuguga
I-Critique iNcwadi okanye iNqaku leNgcaciso leNcwadi
Enye inketho kukuqwalasela ukubhala iphepha lokucatshulwa kwengqondo lenkcazo yenkcazo ye-psychology okanye i-journal journal article. Umzekelo, ungabhala uhlalutyo olubalulekileyo lwe-Sigmund Freud's Interpretation of Dreams okanye unokuvavanya incwadi enje yakutshanje njengoFilipu Zimbardo I-Effect Lucifer: Ukuqonda Indlela Abalungileyo Abaguqukayo Ngayo .
Iimagazini zezobugcisa kunye nezemfundo nazo ziindawo ezifanelekileyo zokufumana izinto zephepha elihlaziyiweyo. Dlulisa amehlo kwiqoqo kwilayibrari yakho yaseyunivesithi ukufumana izihloko ezizinikezele kwisifundo onomdla kuzo, ngoko jonga kumanqaku amva kwangoko uze ufumane oko kukubamba ingqalelo.
Hlaziya iIzame eziLwazi
Kuye kwabaninzi ukuvavanya kunye nokuhlaziywa kwamanzi kwimbali yezengqondo, ukubonelela ngezinto ezininzi kubafundi befuna isihloko esiphezulu sephepha. Kwiphepha lakho, ungakhetha ukwenza isishwankathelo sokuzama, uhlalutye imigaqo yokuphanda, okanye uvavanye iimpembelelo zesifundo. Uvavanyo olunokwenzeka ukuba unokuqwalasela lubandakanya:
- I-Milgram Yokuthobela Ukuvavanya
- I-Stanford Prison Experiment
- I-Little Albert Experiment
- IiPavlov's Conditioning Experts
- Uvavanyo lwe-Asch Conformity
- I-Rlowus i-Rhesus iMonkey Iimvavanyo
Bhala iphepha malunga nomfanekiso wezembali
Enye yeendlela ezilula ukufumana isihloko esikhulu kukuba ukhethe umntu onomdla kwimbali yengqondo kunye nokubhala iphepha malunga nabo. Iphepha lakho linokugxila kwiinkalo ezininzi ezahlukahlukeneyo zobomi bomntu, ezifana nezobugcisa, imbali yezobugcisa, iingcamango okanye impembelelo kwingqondo.
Nangona lo hlobo lwiphepha lungaba yimbali yendalo, akukho mfuneko yokuba isabelo sibe somile okanye sithandeke. I-Psychology igcwele imibala ekhangayo kunye neembali ezithakazelisayo kunye nama-anecdotes. Cinga ngabantu abadumileyo njengoSigmund Freud , uBF Skinner , uHarry Harlow , okanye enye yezinye iingcali ezininzi zeengqondo .
Bhala Ngomsebenzi othile weeNzululwazi
Enye isihloko esinokwenzeka, kuxhomekeke kwinqanaba apho ubhalisile khona, kukubhala malunga neendlela ezithile zomsebenzi kwintsimi yengqondo . Olu hlobo lwephepha lusetshenziswe ngokukhethekileyo xa uhlolisisa ii-subtopics ezahlukeneyo okanye ucinga ukuba yeyiphi indawo ekuthandayo. Kwiphepha lakho, unokukhetha ukuhlola imisebenzi eqhelekileyo yesazi sengqondo, bangakanani abantu abasebenza kule mihlaba bafumana imali, kunye neendlela ezahlukeneyo zengqesho ezikhoyo.
Yenza Isifundo seMbali yoBuntu okanye iqela labantu
Enye into ebangela umdla kukuba ubhale isifundo sengqondo somntu othile okanye iqela labantu. Kulo hlobo lwephepha, uya kunika uhlalutyo olunzulu lwesifundo sakho, kubandakanywa i-biography epheleleyo. Ngokuqhelekileyo, uya kuphinda uhlole umntu, ngokuqhelekileyo usebenzisa ingcamango enkulu yengqondo , njengeziqendu zikaPiaget zokuphuhliswa kwengqondo okanye u- Erikson we-eight-stage-theory of development human . Kwakhona kubalulekile ukuqaphela ukuba iphepha lakho akumele libe ngumntu owaziyo ngokwakhe. Enyanisweni, abaninzi abaprofesa bakhuthaza abafundi ukuba babhale iimeko zeziganeko zembali okanye abalinganiswa bobuxoki beencwadi, iinkqubo zethelevishini, okanye iifilimu.
Ukuqhuba Ukuhlaziywa Kweencwadi
Enye into enokuthi isebenze kakuhle kwiinkalo zeengqondo zenzelwe ukuphononongwa kwincwadi ethile ethile kwingqondo yeengqondo. Ukuphononongwa kweencwadi kubandakanya ukufumana imithombo eyahlukeneyo kwisifundo esithile, ngoko kufutshane nokunika ingxelo malunga nale mithombo ukuthetha ngayo ngesihloko. Ukuphononongwa kweencwadi kubanzi ngokufumaneka kwimiqulu yamaphephancwadi kunye namanye amaphepha eengqondo , kodwa olu hlobo lucalulo lusebenza kakuhle kwiphepha lezesigxina.
Yakha i sifundo okanye Yenza uvavanyo
Iikhosi ezininzi zeengqondo zifuna abafundi ukuba baqulunqe isifundo sengqondo okanye benze uhlobo oluthile lokulinga . Kwezinye iimeko, abafundi baqulunqa isifundo kwaye bacinge ngeziphumo ezinokwenzeka. Kwezinye iimeko, unokuba nethuba lokuqokelela idatha, uhlalutye iziphumo zakho, kwaye ubhale iziphumo zakho.
Ukufumana isihloko kwisifundo sakho kunokuba nzima, kodwa kukho iindlela ezininzi zokufumana iingcamango ezithabisayo. Qala ngokuqwalasela iimfuno zakho kunye nezifundo ozifundileyo ngaphambili. Imithombo ye-intanethi, amanqaku epapasho, iincwadi, amanqaku eendaba, kunye neencwadi zakho zeklasi zizonke iindawo eziphambili zokuqala ukukhangela izihloko zovavanyo lwakho kunye namaphepha eemviwo zengqondo. Ngaphambi kokuba uqale, funda ngokubanzi malunga nendlela yokuqhuba uvavanyo lwezengqondo .
ILizwi
Emva kokujonga le nkcazo emfutshane yezihloko ezinokuthi zenziwe ngamaphepha e-psychology, kulula ukubona ukuba i-psychology yintetho ebanzi kunye neyohlukeneyo. Nangona le ngqungquthela yenza ukuba kube lula ukufumana isihloko esithatha umdla wakho ngokwenene, ngamanye amaxesha kungenza kube nzima kubafundi abathile ukuba bakhethe isihloko esihle.
Ukuba usagxininiswa ngesabelo sakho, cela umcebisi wakho iziphakamiso uze ucinge ezimbalwa kuloluhlu ukhuthaze.
> Imithombo
> Hockenbury, SE & Nolan, SA. Psychology. I-New York: AbaPashi Abafanelekileyo; 2014.
> Santrock, JW. Indlela yokuThetha ngeNtetho yokuPhuhliso lweNdlela. ENew York: iMacGraw-Hill Education; 2016.