Ukuqonda iingongoma ezibalulekileyo malunga neNkcazo
Ingqwalasela ingcamango efundwa kwiingqondo zengqondo ezibhekiselele kwindlela esenza ngayo inkqubela iinkcukacha ezithile kwindawo yethu. Njengoko ufunda oku, kukho iintlobo ezininzi, izandi, kunye nemizwa ejikeleze kuwe-uxinzelelo lweenyawo zakho kumgangatho, ukubonakala kwesitalato ephuma kwiwindow e kufuphi, ukufudumala kwefestile yakho, ukukhumbula incoko oyenayo ngaphambili nomhlobo.
Zonke ezi zinto, izandi, kunye neentshukumo ziphila impilo yethu, kodwa kuvela ukuba izixhobo zethu zengqalelo azizinzi. Sinokukwazi njani ukuhlangabezana nazo zonke ezi zintlukwano kwaye sigxininise kwinqanaba elilodwa lendawo yethu? Sinokuphatha njani ngokufanelekileyo izixhobo esizifumaneyo ukuze senze ingqiqo yehlabathi elisijikelezayo?
Ukuqwalaselwa njengoko kuchazwe ngumgulana wezengqondo
Ngokweengcali zeengqondo kunye nefilosofi uWilliam James , qaphela
"kukuthabatha ngengqondo, ngendlela ecacileyo kwaye ecacileyo, yinto enye ebonakala ngathi yinto enokubambisana nayo okanye izitimela zengcamango. ... Kubonisa ukuhoxiswa kwezinye izinto ukuze kusebenze kakuhle nabanye." - " Iimigaqo zengqondo, "1890
Ukuqonda Ingqalelo
Cinga ngengqwalasela njenge-highlighter. Njengoko ufunda ngecandelo lokubhaliweyo kwincwadi, icandelo eliqakathekileyo liyavela, kukubangela ukuba ugxininise umdla wakho kuloo ndawo.
Kodwa ingqwalasela ayikho nje ngokugxininisa ukugxila kwinto ethile; Kwakhona kubandakanya ukungahoywa into eninzi yokukhuphisana ngolwazi kunye nesisombululo. Ukuqwalasela kukuvumela ukuba "udibanise" ulwazi, iimvakalelo kunye nemibono engafanelekanga okwangoku kwaye kugxininisa amandla akho kwiinkcukacha ezibalulekileyo.
Inkqubo yethu yokuqwalasela iyakwazi ukuba sigxininise kwinto ethile kwindawo esiyinkqubelayo ngelixa sicwangcisa iinkcukacha ezingenanto, iyakuchukumisa indlela esiyijonga ngayo izinto ezizungezile. Kwezinye iimeko, ingqalelo yethu ingagxininisa into ethile, isenze sikhohlwe ezinye izinto. Kwezinye iimeko, kugxininisa ingqwalaselo yethu ephambili kunokubangela ukuba singayiqondi injongo yesibini kubo bonke.
Ngamanye amagama, ngokugxininisa ingqalelo kwinto engqongileyo, ngamanye amaxesha siphoswa ezinye izinto eziphambi kwethu. Unokucinga ngokukhawuleza malunga nemeko apho ugxininise kulo msebenzi ongenakuwujonga umntu ohamba egumbini okanye ekhuluma nawe. Ekubeni izixhobo zakho zokubaluleka zijoliswe ngento enye, ulahlekelwa yinto enye.
Iingongoma ezibalulekileyo malunga neNkcazo
Ukuze uqonde indlela okusebenza ngayo kunye nendlela ekuchaphazela ngayo ukuqonda kunye namava ehlabathini, kubalulekile ukukhumbula ezimbalwa iingongoma ezibalulekileyo malunga nokusebenza komsebenzi, kubandakanywa:
- Ukuqwalaselwa kuncinci. Kuye kwaba nenani elikhulu lophando elijonge ukuba ziphi na izinto esinokuzibakho kuzo nokuba lide kangakanani. Abaphandi baye bafumanisa ukuba iinguqu eziphambili ezichaphazela amandla ethu okuhlala emsebenzini zibandakanya indlela esinomdla ngayo ekukhuthazeni kunye nabaninzi abaphazamisayo esibafumanayo. Ucwaningo luye lwabonisa ukuba ingqalelo iyancipha ngokwemiqathango yesibini kunye nobude. Iingcamango zokuba ingqwalasela ingenamkhawulo uye yabangela abaninzi abantu ukuba basebenzise i- multitasking . Kuphela nje kwiminyaka yamuva ukuba uphando luye lwabonisa indlela i-multitasking engenzi kakuhle ngayo kakuhle ngenxa yokuba ingqalelo yethu, inene, ayikho.
- Ukuqwalaselwa kukukhetha. Ekubeni ingqwalasela yinkxaso engqongqo, kufuneka sikhethe malunga noko sigqiba kugxininisa. Akukuphela nje ukuba sigxininise ingqalelo kwinto ethile kwindawo yethu, kodwa kufuneka sihluze inani elikhulu lezinye izinto. Kufuneka sikhethe oko sikubakhoyo, inkqubo edla ngokukhawuleza kangangokuthi asiyiqapheli ukuba asizange siyihoxise abanye abantu.
- Ingqwalasela iyona nxalenye ebalulekileyo yenkqubo yokuqonda. Ingqwalasela isiseko esisisiseko se-biology yethu, sikhona nangokuzalwa. Iingcamango zethu zokuziqhelanisa zisinceda ukuba sigqibe ukuba zeziphi iimeko ezikuyo kwimeko yethu ekufuneka sizithobele kuyo, inkqubo eyanceda ekukwazi ukuphila. Iintsana ziza kubakho kwizinto ezingqongileyo ezifana nezandi zomsindo. Isithintelo esichasene nesihlathi senza ukuba i-reflex ihlulwe, kubangela ukuba umntwana aphendule ikhanda lakhe ukuze anikeze kwaye athole ukutya. Ezi ngcamango eziqhelanisiweyo ziqhubeka zisinceda kulo lonke ubomi. Ukuhlonipha uphondo kungasilumkisa ngemoto ezayo. Isandi sokubhakraza somsindo we-smoke singakuxwayisa ukuba i-casserole oyifake kwi-oven iyatshisa. Zonke ezi zinto zithatha ingqalelo kwaye zisikhuthaza ukuba siphendule kwimeko yethu.
Uphando lweeNkcazo zokuQondwa okuPhambili kwe-ADHD
Okona kuninzi, ukukwazi kwethu kugxininisa ingqalelo kwinto enye ngelixa ukukhusela abaphazamisi abakhuphisanayo kubonakala ngathi. Nangona kunjalo amandla abantu ukuba bajolise ngokukhethekileyo kwisifundo esithile xa ukugxotha abanye kunzima kakhulu. Ukujonga ingqalelo ngale ndlela akuyona nje imfundo. Abaphengululi bafunda ukuba iisekethe zesigcino (iindlela ezisebuchosheni) ezihambelana neengqalelo zihambelane ngokukodwa kwiimeko ezinjenge -loss-attention / disperactivity disorder (ADHD) kunye nokuphumelela ukuqonda oku ngakumbi kule nkqubo inethemba lokufumana unyango olungcono kwabo bajongene nale imeko phantsi komgca.
> Imithombo:
> UJames W. Imigaqo yeengqondo. Ku: I-CD eyi-Green, ed. Iiklasiki kwi-History of Psychology. 1890.
> Mueller A, Hong D, Shepard S, Moore T. Ukudibanisa i-ADHD kwi-Neural Circuitry of Attention. Iintlobo kwiSayensi zeCognitive . 2017; 21 (6): 474-488. i-doi: 10.1016 / j.tics.2017.03.009.
> Myers DG. Ukuhlola iNzululwazi yeNtlalo. ENew York, NY: iMfundo ye-Hill yeMcGraw; 2015.
Revlin R. Cognition: Inkolelo kunye nokuSebenza. I-New York: AbaPashi Abafanelekileyo; 2013.