Liyiphi iCandelo loTywala kwaye lisebenza njani?

Ulwaphulo lweqela luhlobo lwe- psychotherapy olubandakanya omnye okanye abaninzi abaphengululi basebenzelana nabantu abaningana ngexesha elinye. Olu hlobo lonyango lufumaneka ngokubanzi kwiindawo ezahlukeneyo ezibandakanya izithethe zonyango, izibhedlele, iikliniki zempilo yengqondo kunye namaziko oluntu. Ngamanye amaxesha ityrafu yeqela isetyenziselwa yodwa, kodwa iphinda idibaniswe ngokubanzi kwisicwangciso sonyango esibanzi esiluquka unyango ngamnye kunye namayeza.

Iimigaqo zeCandelo loPhando

Kwi -Theory and Practice ye-Psychotherapy yeqela , u-Irvin D. Yalom ukhankanya imigaqo-mpawu ebalulekileyo evela kwiingxelo ezizimeleyo ezivela kubantu abaye babandakanyeka kwinkqubo yokwelapha iqela:

1. Ukugxilwa kwethemba: Eli qela liqule amalungu kumanqanaba ahlukeneyo kwinkqubo yokwenza unyango. Ukubona abantu abajongana okanye bahlaziya banikeza ithemba kulabo ekuqaleni kwenkqubo.
2. IYunivesithi: Ukuba yingxenye yeqela labantu abanamava afanayo banceda abantu babone ukuba izinto ezihambayo ziphela kwaye zodwa.
3. Ukunika ulwazi: Amalungu eqela angancedana ngokukwabelana ngolwazi.
4. I-Altruism : Amalungu eqela angabelana ngamandla abo kwaye ancede abanye kwiqela, ezinokunyusa ukuzithemba nokuzithemba .
5. Ukulungiswa kwakhona kweqela lokuqala losapho: Iqela lonyango linjengeentsapho ngeendlela ezithile. Kulo qela, ilungu ngalinye liyakwazi ukuhlola indlela amava abantwana abenegalelo ngayo kubuntu kunye nokuziphatha. Basenokufunda ukuphepha ukuziphatha okutshabalalisa okanye abangenakunceda ubomi boqobo.

1. Ukuphuhliswa kobugcisa bezentlalo: Ukusekwa kweqela kuyindawo enhle ukuqhuba ukuziphatha okutsha. Isimo siphephile kwaye sisekela, ukuvumela amalungu eqela ukuba azame ngaphandle koyiko lokungaphumeleli.
2. Imilinganiselo yokuziphatha: Abantu ngabanye bangenza imodeli yokuziphatha kwamanye amalungu eqela okanye bawulingise kwaye baxelise indlela yokuziphatha kwengcali.

1. Ukufunda ngokubambisana : Ngokusebenzisana nabanye abantu kunye nokufumana ingxelo evela kwiqela kunye neengcali, amalungu eqela angakwazi ukuqonda ngakumbi.
2. Ukusebenzisana kweqela: Ngenxa yokuba iqela lihlangene nomnqweno oqhelekileyo, amalungu athola umqondo wokuba ngumntu kunye nokwamkelwa.
3. UCatharsis : Ukukwabelana ngeemvakalelo kunye namava kunye neqela labantu kunokunceda ukukhulula intlungu, ityala, okanye uxinzelelo.
4. Imiba ekhoyo: Nangona ukusebenza ngaphakathi kweqela kunika ngenkxaso kunye nenkxaso, iqela lonyango lisiza ilungu ukuba lijongene nobomi babo, izenzo kunye nokukhetha.

Iqela leTyrapy liSebenza njani?

Amaqela angaba mncinci njengabantu abathathu okanye abane, kodwa iiseshoni zonyango zihlala ziquka abantu abasixhenxe ukuya kwabalishumi elinesibini (nangona kunokwenzeka ukuba bathatha inxaxheba ngaphezulu). Eli qela lihlangana ngokuphindwe kabini okanye kabini ngesonto ngeyure okanye ezimbini.

Ngokombhali u-Oded Manor kwi -Handbook ye-Psychotherapy , inani elincinci leeseshoni zonyango lihlala lijikeleze ezintandathu kodwa unyaka opheleleyo weeseshoni ziqhelekileyo. I-Manor ibhala kwakhona ukuba ezi ntlanganiso zinokuvulwa okanye zivaliwe. Kwiiseshoni ezivulekileyo, abathathi-nxaxheba abatsha bamkelekile ukujoyina nanini na. Kwiqela elivaliweyo, iqela elilodwa lamalungu alimenywa ukuba athathe inxaxheba.

Ngoko yintoni iseshoni yokwelapha yequmrhu eliqhelekileyo ibonakala ngathi? Kwiimeko ezininzi, iqela liya kudibana kwigumbi apho izitulo zilungiselelwe kwisangqa esikhulu ukuze ilungu ngalinye libone wonke umntu kwiqela. Iseshoni inokuqala ngamalungu eklasi azithumela ngokwawo kwaye axelela abanye ukuba kutheni ukunyangwa kweqela. Amalungu angabelana nabo ngamava kunye nenkqubela ukusuka kwintlanganiso yokugqibela.

Indlela echanekileyo apho iseshoni eqhutyelwa ngayo kuxhomekeke kakhulu kwiinjongo zeqela kunye nesitayela somgulisi. Abanye abaphengululi bangakhuthaza isitayela esingaphezulu samafomu encoko, apho ilungu ngalinye lithatha inxaxheba njengoko ibona kufanelekile.

Abanye abathathi beengcali banesicwangciso esithile kwiseshoni nganye enokubandakanya ukuba abathengi basebenzise izakhono ezintsha kunye namanye amalungu eqela.

Ukusebenza Kwenziwe Ngonyango Lonyango?

Ulwaphulo lweqela lunokusebenza kakuhle, ngakumbi kwiimeko ezithile. Izifundo zibonise ukuba iqela lonyango lingaba yindlela yokwenza unyango oluphumelelayo yokudandatheka kunye noxinzelelo olunzima.

Inqaku elipapashwe kwi-American Psychological Association's Monitor on Psychology libonisa ukuba unyango lwamaqela ludibanisa nemigangatho yokuphumelela eyenziwe nguMbutho wezeKliniki yeeNzululwazi (iCandelo 12 le-APA) ngenxa yokuphazamiseka kwesifo, ingxaki ye-bipolar, i-disorder-compulsive disorder, i-phobia yoluntu kunye nokusetyenziswa kakubi kweziyobisi .

Izizathu zokusebenzisa iCandelo loPhando lweCandelo

Iinqununu eziyinhloko zonyango lweqela ziquka:

• Ulwaphulo lweqela luvumela abantu ukuba bafumane inkxaso kunye nokukhuthazwa kwamanye amalungu eqela. Abantu abathatha inxaxheba kwiqela banokubona ukuba abanye bahamba into efanayo, enokubanceda bazive bebodwa.
• Amalungu eqela angasebenza njengamanye amanani athile kwamanye amalungu eqela. Ngokumjonga umntu ngokuphumelelayo ukujamelana nengxaki, amanye amalungu eqela angabona ukuba kukho ithemba lokubuyisela. Njengoko umntu ngamnye eqhubeka, banokuthi babe ngumzekelo wokuba ngumzekelo kunye nenkxaso yabanye. Oku kunokunceda ukukhuthaza iimvakalelo zempumelelo kunye nokufezekiswa.
• Ulwaphulo lweqela luhlala luhlawuleka kakhulu. Esikhundleni sokugxila kumxhasi omnye ngexesha, umgqirha unokunikela ixesha lakhe kwiqela elikhulu labantu.
• Ulwaphulo lweqela lunikeza indawo ephephile. Isimo sivumela abantu ukuba bazenze ukuziphatha kunye nezenzo ngaphakathi ukhuseleko kunye nekhuseleko leqela.
• Ngokusebenza kwiqela, umgqirha unokubona isandla sokuqala indlela umntu ngamnye asabela ngayo kwabanye abantu kwaye uziphatha kwiimeko zoluntu. Ukusebenzisa le ngcaciso, umgqirha unokunika ingxelo ebalulekileyo kumthengi ngamnye.

_Imithombo:

_{Ufa, uRR (1993). Uphando ngeCandelo leeNgqondo: Iingqapheli kunye nezicelo zeZliniki. Ngo-Anne Alonso noHillel I. Swiller (Eds.), Unyango lweqela kwizonyango . IWashington, DC: I-American Psychiatric Press.}

_{Kanas, N (2005). Ulwaphulo lweqela labaguli abaneengxaki zokuxinzezeleka kwengxaki ezixhatshazwayo. International Journal of Group Psychotherapy, 55 (1) , 161-6.}

_{I-Paturel, A. (2012). Amandla kwiNombolo. Ukubeka esweni kwi-Psychology, 43 (10), 48. Ukufunyanwa kwi-http: //www.apa.org/monitor/2012/11/power.aspx.}

_{Manor, O. (1994). I-Psychotherapy yeqela. KuPetrūska Clarkson noMichael Pokorny (u-Eds.), I-Handbook ye-Psychotherapy. ENew York, NY: Routledge.}

_{McDermut W et al. (2001) Ukusebenza kweeNgqungquthela zengqondo yokuCaluleka: Uhlalutyo lweMeta noVavanyo loPhando loPhando. I-Psychology Clinic: ISayensi kunye nokuSebenza, 8 , 98-116.}

_{Yalom, ID, & Lesczc, M. (2005). Iingcamango kunye nokuSebenza kweeNgqungquthela zengqondo. ENew York, NY: IiNcwadi eziSiseko.}