Uthando oludumile lwonyango lulo lonyango lwentetho yeklasi; umxhasi, umbhede kunye nengcali yeengqondo kunye neepensele ngesandla. Nangona abanye beza kusebenzisa le ndlela, zininzi iintlobo zonyango ezingasetyenziswa ekuncedeni umxhasi ukuba anqobe iingxaki. Kuzo zonke iimeko, injongo yonyango ukubonelela ngendawo engabalulekanga evumela umxhasi kunye nomhlinzeki weyeza ukuba basebenzisane ngokubhekiselele kwiinjongo zokuvumelana.
Ezi zilandelayo zimbalwa zeendlela ezahlukeneyo zonyango ezikhoyo.
I-Psychoanalytic Therapy
I-Psychoanalytic yonyango enye yeyona ndlela eyaziwa kakhulu yonyango, kodwa yinto enye engabonakaliyo ngabathengi bempilo yengqondo. Eyilwe nguSigmund Freud , iingcali ze-psychoanalytic ngokuvamile zichitha ixesha liphulaphule izigulane zixoxa ngobomi bazo, yintoni le ndlela idlalwa ngokuba "ukuthetha unyango." Umnikezeli wonyango uza kukhangela iipatheni okanye iziganeko ezibalulekileyo ezingadlala indima kwiingxaki zangoku zabaxhasi. Iingcali ze-Psychoanalyst zikholelwa ukuba iziganeko zobuntwana kunye neemvakalelo ezingenangqondo , iingcamango nezizathu zenza igalelo ekuguleni kwengqondo kunye nokuziphatha kakubi.
Nangona lolu hlobo lonyango lubagxeki abaninzi abathi ukuba unyango lwe-psychoanalytic lichitha ixesha, libiza kakhulu kwaye lingafezekanga, le nyeza inezinzuzo ezininzi ngokunjalo. Umgqirha unikeza imvakalelo kunye nokungazimeli kwimeko apho umxhasi angakwazi ukuziva ekhuselekileyo ekutyhileleni iimvakalelo okanye izenzo ezakhokelela ekuxinineni okanye ukuphazamiseka ebomini bakhe.
Ngokuqhelekileyo, ukwabelana nje ngale mithwalo ngomnye umntu kunokufumana inzuzo.
Unyango lweCognitive-Behavioral
Iingcali zengqondo zengqondo zijwayele ukugxila kwiingxaki ezithile. Laba baphilisi bakholelwa ukuba ukucinga okungenangqiqo okanye iingcamango eziphosakeleyo kubangela ukuba kubekho izidakamizwa. Ingcali yokuqonda ingasebenza kunye nomthengi ukutshintsha iipatheni zokucinga.
Olu hlobo lonyango lubonakala lusebenza kubathengi abanengxaki yokudakumba okanye ukuxhalabisa.
Iingcali zengqondo zisebenza ukutshintsha iimpawu ezinengxaki eziqeqeshwe ngeminyaka yokuqiniswa. Umzekelo omhle wonyango wokuziphatha uza kuba ngumbhali osebenza nomxhasi ukunqoba ukwesaba kweenduli. I-therapist iya kubakhuthaza umxhasi ukuba abhekane nobunzima beendawo eziphakamileyo ngokwenza amava. Umxhasi unokuqala ukucinga ukuba wayemi phezu kophahla lwesakhiwo eside okanye ekhwela i-escalator. Emva koko, umxhasi uza kuzibeka ngokukhawuleza kumanqanaba amakhulu kwaye angaphezulu koyiko lwawo kuze kube yilapho i- phobia iyancipha okanye iyanyamalala ngokupheleleyo.
Indlela yokuqonda kunye nendlela yokuziphatha inokusebenza kakuhle xa uphatha iingxaki ezithile. Iimpawu ezininzi, iindlela zokuqonda kunye nezendlela zokuziphatha zidibeneyo xa unyanga ingxaki. Umgqirha ophatha umxhasi ngexhala lezenhlalakahle unokunceda umthengi ukuba afake iipatheni zokucinga ezichanekileyo kunye nokugxila kwimimiselo ethile, njengokukhuselwa kwezentlalo.
Ulwaphulo lweqela
Ulwaphulo lwamaqela luhlobo lwe-psychotherapy apho abaxhasi ababini okanye ngaphezulu basebenzisana nomnye okanye abaphandi abaninzi okanye abacebisi. Le ndlela ifomathi eyaziwayo kumaqela enkxaso, apho amalungu eqela angakufunda kumava kwabanye kwaye anike iingcebiso.
Le ndlela ibuye yindleko ephezulu kuneengqondo zonyango kwaye ingasebenza kwiintlobo ezithile zeengxaki.
Kuqhelekileyo kwabo bafumana isifo sengqondo okanye ukuziphatha kakubi ukuba bazizwe bebodwa, bahlukeneyo okanye bahluke. Ulwaphulo lweqela luza kunceda abathengi ngokubonelela iqela lontanga labantu abaye bafumana iimpawu ezifanayo okanye bafumene ingxaki efanayo. Amalungu eqela angakunika inkxaso ngenkxaso kunye neendawo ezikhuselekileyo zokuqhuba iindlela zokuziphatha ezintsha.