Ukuxazulula iingxaki yinkqubo yengqondo ebandakanya ukufumanisa, ukuhlalutya nokusombulula iingxaki. Injongo ephambili yokuxazulula iingxaki kukunqoba izithintelo kwaye ufumene isisombululo esiphendululwa kakuhle.
Isicwangciso esihle kakhulu sokusombulula ingxaki luxhomekeke kakhulu kwiimeko ezizodwa. Kwezinye iimeko, abantu bangcono ekufundeni konke abakwaziyo malunga nombandela baze basebenzise ulwazi lokwenyaniso ukuza nesisombululo.
Kwezinye iziganeko, ubuchule kunye nokuqonda kuyona ndlela enokukhetha.
Amanyathelo kwiSombululo -Sombululo
Ukuze kulungiswe kakuhle ingxaki, kubalulekile ukulandela uluhlu lwamanyathelo. Abaphandi abaninzi bathetha oku njengengqungquthela yokulungisa ingxaki, equka ukuphuhlisa izicwangciso kunye nolwazi lokuhlela.
Nangona lo mjikelo ubonakaliswa ngokulandelelana, abantu abaqhelanga ukulandelelana kwamanyathelo okufumana isisombululo. Esikhundleni saloo ndlela, sisoloko siphupha amanqanaba okanye sabuya emva kwamanyathelo amaninzi de sifikelelwe isisombululo esifunelwe.
- Ukuchonga Inkinga: Nangona kubonakala ngathi isinyathelo esicacileyo, ukuchonga ingxaki akusoloko ilula njengoko kuzwakala. Kwezinye iimeko, abantu bangaphonononga ngephutha imvelaphi engafanelekanga yenkxalabo, eya kwenza ukuba iinzame zokuyicombulula ayifanelekanga okanye ingenanto.
- Ukuchaza Inkinga: Emva kokuba ingxaki ibonisiwe, kubalulekile ukuchaza ngokupheleleyo ingxaki ukuze ixazululwe.
- Ukwenza iSicwangciso: Isinyathelo esilandelayo kukuphuhlisa isicwangciso sokusombulula ingxaki. Indlela esetyenzisiweyo iya kuhluka ngokuxhomekeke kwimeko kunye nokhetho olukhethekileyo lomntu.
- Ukulungiswa kolwazi: Ngaphambi kokuza nesisombululo, kufuneka siqale ukuhlela ulwazi olukhoyo. Yintoni esiyayazi ngxaki? Yintoni esingaziyo? Olunye ulwazi olufumanekayo, lukulungele kangangoko siza kuba nesisombululo esifanelekileyo.
- Ukwabiwa kwezibonelelo: Kakade, asihlali sinomlinganiselo ongenamkhawulo, ixesha, kunye nezinye izixhobo zokusombulula ingxaki. Ngaphambi kokuba uqale ukucombulula ingxaki, kufuneka ufumane indlela ebalulekileyo ngayo. Ukuba yingxaki ebalulekileyo, mhlawumbi kufuneka ubeke ezinye izixhobo zokusombulula. Nangona kunjalo, ingxaki engabalulekanga, ngoko awufuni ukuchitha iindawo ezininzi ezifumanekayo ukuze ufumane isisombululo.
- Ukuphuculwa kweNtsebenzo: Iingxaki zokusombulula iingxaki zivame ukubeka esweni inkqubela phambili njengoko zisebenza kwisisombululo. Ukuba ayenzi inkqubela phambili ekufikeleleni ekujoliswe kuzo, baya kuphinda bahlaziye indlela yabo okanye bajonga iindlela ezintsha.
- Ukuphonononga iziphumo: Emva kokuba isisombululo sifinyelelwe, kubalulekile ukuvavanya iziphumo ukuchonga ukuba sisisombululo esona siphumelele kakhulu kwingxaki. Olu vavanyo lunokukhawuleza, njengokujonga iziphumo zeengxaki zematriki ukuqinisekisa ukuba impendulo ichanekile, okanye inokulibaziseka, njengokuphonononga impumelelo kwenkqubo yokwelapha emva kweenyanga ezininzi zonyango.
Reed, SK (2000). Ukulungisa ingxaki. Ku-AE uKazdin (uMq.), I-Encyclopedia ye-Psychology (i-Vol. 8, iphe. 71-75). IWashington, DC: Umbutho we-American Psychological Association kunye ne-Oxford University Press.
Sternberg, R. (2003). Psychology Cognitive. EBelmont, CA: iWadsworth.