I-Generation Generation of Addictive Medication
Esinye sezizathu eziqhelekileyo amaMerika atyelela oogqirha bawo kukufumana uncedo ngokukhululeka kwentlungu. Intlungu ingaba yonakalise kwaye ibangela intuthuzelo enkulu okanye uxinzelelo. Ngokuqhelekileyo, oogqirha babala ukuba ubuhlungu be-opioid buya kunceda abagulane babo. Nangona kunjalo, inani lala mayeza anakho ukusetyenziswa kakubi okanye umlutha.
Ukuxhatshazwa kweentlungu ezixhasayo
Kukho izidakamizwa ezahlukahlukeneyo ezinokuthi zinciphise intlungu engapheliyo kunye nexesha elifutshane. Zininzi zezi ziwela kwisigaba se-opioid, esiyaziwa ngokuba yizintlu zintlungu. Ezi zi yobisi ziquka i-morphine kunye ne-codeine, kunye neenguqu ezininzi zokuguqulwa kwezi zi yobisi.
Kubalulekile ukuba uqaphele xa uthatha imithi yokuncedisa intlungu. Unyango lunokuba yingozi kuneyona nto ebangela intlungu. Akunakwenzeka ukuba ube ngumlwelwe kwizonyango-ukukhupha izidakamizwa xa uthabatha njengoko kunqunyelwe injongo yazo. Nangona kunjalo, amaninzi ala mayeza avelisa "phezulu" anokuba ngumlutha kwezinye izigulane.
Yiyo le ntliziyo yovuyo ukuba iNational Institute of Drug Abuse (NIDA) ithi abanye abantu baxhomekeka kuyo. Kunokwenzeka ukuba kwenzeka xa umntu ethatha umthamo ophezulu kunokuba umiselweyo okanye ukuba ayimiselwe ngokungafanelekanga loo mayeza.
Ukusetyenziswa kakubi ngamachiza amaninzi (ngamanye amaxesha kuthiwa ukusetyenziswa kakubi kweziyobisi okanye ukusetyenziswa kakubi kweziyobisi) kuye kwaba yeyona ndlela exhaphakileyo yokusetyenziswa kakubi kweziyobisi eMelika. Esinye sezizathu kukuba la mayeza ngamanye amaxesha anqunyiwe. Kwezinye iimeko, umntu akanakudinga ukhululo olunjalo lwentlungu kwaye, kwezinye iimeko, umiselwe ixesha elide kunokuba liyimfuneko ngokwenene.
I-Opioid Crisis
Iidakamizwa ze-opioid zonyango zikhulile kakhulu. Yintoni eqala njengokuba kuxhomekeke ekubeni kuxhomekeke ekufumaneni iyeza kumashishini abamnyama okanye ukufuna i-opiates engekho mthethweni njenge heroin. I-NIDA ibhala ukuba iqale ngasekupheleni kweminyaka yama-1990 xa iinkampani zonyango ziqinisekisa ugqirha ukuba izigulane aziyi kuba ngumlutha we-opioid ubuhlungu bokunciphisa, kwaye ababoneleli bezempilo baqala ukuwabeka kwizinga eliphezulu. "
Ngo-2018, i-NIDA ilinganisela ukuba phakathi kweepesenti eziyi-8 kunye neepesenti ezingama-12 zezigulane zase-US ezinqunywe i-opioids zihlakulela ingxaki yokusebenzisa. Kuzo, iipesenti ezi-4 ukuya kuma-6 ekugqibeleni ziphendukela kwi-heroin kwaye, ngokwesilinganiso, abantu abayi-115 bafa imihla ngemihla e-US ukusuka kwi-opioid overdose. Phakathi kukaJulayi 2016 noSeptemba 2017, bekukho iipesenti ezingama-30 ukuya kuma-54 ekhulwini ukwenyuka kwama-overdoses kwiindawo ezahlukeneyo zelizwe. Yisibhubhane esiye sabetha amanxweme aseMerika njengokuba nzima njengemizi.
Oku kuye kwakhokelela kumanyathelo ngamaarhente karhulumente amaninzi ukukhawulela ubhubhane. Ngokutsho kwamaziko okuLawula izifo (CDC), umgca wokuqala wokukhusela unciphisa inani le-opioids elimiselweyo. Oku kuquka ukusebenzisana namagqirha kunye nee-pharmacy ukuba basebenzise kuphela i-painkillers enamandla xa kufuneka.
Iimpawu kunye neMpawu zoThatshulo lwe-Opioid
Ngelishwa, inxalenye yobume bee-painkillers ukuba bangasebenzi ngaphaya kwexesha. Oku kungenxa yokuba umzimba wakho uya kulungelelanisa kumachiza kwaye uhlakulele ukunyamezela, oku kuthetha ukuba umzimba wakho uya kufuna ukunyuka kwamayeza aphezulu ukufumana impembelelo efanayo.
Kukho imiqondiso ethile yokuba ukusebenzisa kwakho unyango lwe-opioids uye waya ensimini yomlutha . Ezi ziquka:
- Ukwazi ukuba usebenzisa iyeza zentlungu kwiimali okanye ngamanye amaxesha ezingahambisani nomyalelo wakho ugqirha. Oku kuyinyaniso ngokukhethekileyo ukuba ulahlekisa ugqirha wakho okanye u-pharmist ukwenza njalo.
- Ukusebenzisa amayeza ukuphakamisa okanye ukukhulula uxhalabo kunokuba ukhulule intlungu.
- Ukufuna amayeza aphezulu amachiza ukwenzela ukuba uzive iimpembelelo ezifanayo ozisebenzisayo ukuba uzibonise kumadayithini aphantsi. Kwiimeko ezinzima kakhulu, ukujika okanye ukufaka injini kwisizabisi ukuva iimiphumo.
- Ukubonisa ukuziphatha okunyanzelisayo ukufumana iziyobisi kwaye uqhubeke nokuwusebenzisa ekujonganeni nemiphumo emibi.
Uninzi lwabaPailill Addictive
Oku kuluhlu lwezinto ezili-10 ezisetyenziselwa ukunyusa umrhumo okhoyo kwimarike namhlanje ngokweNIDA. Uninzi luqhelekile ukuba lubekwe unyango lwentlungu engapheliyo, nangona ezinye zijoliswe ekusebenziseni ixesha elifutshane. Akuyilona uluhlu olupheleleyo, kwaye amaninzi amaninzi kunye neemithi zonyango ziyafumaneka.
1 - Fentanyl
Eyona mandla kunokuba i-morphine, i-fentanyl (amagama e-brand aquka i-Actiq, iDuragesic, kunye ne-Sublimaze) isetyenziselwa ukunyanga izigulane ezineentlungu ezinzima okanye emva kokuhlinzwa. Kwakhona kusetyenziselwa abo baye baxhomekeka kwii-opiates. Itholakala njenge-lozenge, isisombululo esingenayo, okanye isikhumba sekhanda.
Amagcawa e-fentanyl afaka i-Apache, i-China Girl, i-China White, i-Fever Dance, Umhlobo, i-Goodfella, i-Jackpot, i-Murder 8, i-Tango kunye neCash, ne-TNT. Kuye kwaqheleka ukuba i-fentanyl isetyenziswe kwizidakamizwa zobuxoki kwaye igalelwe izidakamizwa ezingekho mthethweni ezifana ne-heroin kunye ne-cocaine. Oku kwongeza kwiengozi zala machiza kuba abasebenzisi bahlala bengayiqondi i-fentanyl.
2 - OxyContin
I-OxyContin ligama le-oxycodone. Isetyenziswe njengonyango lwe-clock-clock kwizigulane ezinomlinganiselo othethelelekileyo ulindeleke ukuhlala ixesha elide. Itholakala njenge-tablet.
Kwi sitrato, i-OxyContin ingabizwa ngokuba yi-OC, i-Oxycet, i-Oxycotton, i-Oxy, okanye i-Hillbilly Heroin.
3 - iDemolol
I-Demerol ligama lomkhwa we-meperidine. La mayeza enyameko aqhelekileyo asetyenziselwa ukunceda abantu balele ngaphambi kokuba kwenziwe uphando. Kwakhona kusetyenziswa ukunyanga iintlungu ezinzima, ezinjengeziphumo emva kokubeleka. I-Demerol ifumaneka njengesisombululo somlomo, isisombululo esingenayo, kunye ne-tablet tablet.
Amagama esitalato yeDemolol afaka iMimoya kunye noMbulali Wezinhlungu.
Kaninzi
4 - Hydrocodone
I-Hydrocodone (amagama omatshini aquka i-Vicodin, i-Norco, no-Zohydro, phakathi kwabanye) isetyenziselwa ukunyanga intlungu enzima ngokubangelwa yimpilo engapheliyo, ukulimala, okanye inkqubo yokuhlinzwa. Itholakala njengesiraphu yomlomo kunye nethebhulethi yomlomo.
Xa kuthengiswa kwimarike emnyama, kunokuthiwa yiVike okanye iWatson-387.
Kaninzi
5 - Morphine
I-Morphine yi-opiate yemvelo edayiswa phantsi kwegama legama elithi Duramorph kunye ne-MS Contin. Kunqunywe ukuba kuncede ukunyanga iintlungu eziqhubekayo ezinje ezinxulumene nomhlaza okanye unyango lomhlaza. Le painkiller ifumaneka njengesisombululo sejoyi, i-capsule, ithebhulethi kunye ne-suppository.
Unokuva i-morphine imbiza ngokuba ngu-M kwisitalato, nangona iyaziwa ngokuba ngu-Miss Emma, iMonkey, kunye ne-White Stuff.
6 - I-Percocet
I-Percocet ifana ne-OxyContin. Iqulethe inhlanganisela ye-acetaminophen kunye ne-oxycodone kwaye ifumaneka njenge-capsule, tablet, kunye nesisombululo somlomo.
Kwi sitrato, kunokuthiwa yi-Hillbilly Heroin okanye nje ngokuba yiPercs.
Kaninzi
7 - iCodeine
I-Codeine yi-opiate engokwemvelo eyenziwa ngumxhasi weentlungu. Iimpembelelo ziphela kuphela kwieyure ezimbalwa, ngoko ke zidlalwa kunye kunye ne-acetaminophen okanye i-aspirin. I-Codeine ifumaneka njenge-tablet, capsule, okanye i-liquid.
Amagama amanqaku amaninzi athengiswa kwaye i-codeine inamagama esitalato amaninzi, kuquka uCaptain Cody, uCody, Lean, Schoolboy, i-Sizzurp, kunye neDrakki eVukile.
8 - iMethadone
I-Methadone idla ngokuqhagamshelana nabantu abazama ukukhusela ngokugqithiseleyo ukuyeka umlutha we-heroin . Kodwa ke, isetyenziselwa ukukhupha i-opiate kwaye inokusetyenziswa kakubi. Amagama ebhanti aquka iDolophine kunye neMethadose kwaye ifike kwiifomati zefomathi kunye neefom.
Amagcaza aquka i-Amidone kunye namaFizzi. Xa isetyenziswe kwi-MDMA, yaziwa ngokuba yiCookies Chip Cookies.
Kaninzi
9 - I-Dilaudid
I-Dilaudidi igama lomthi we-hydromorphone. Ininzi isetyenziswe kwisibhedlele esibhedlele kwaye ilawulwa nge-IV emva kokuhlinzwa. I-Dilaudidi ijoliswe ekuncediseni intlungu yesikhashana kunye nayo ifumaneka njengesisombululo somlomo, ithebhulethi kunye ne-suppository.
Ngeendlela ezingekho mthethweni, i-Dilaudidi ingabizwa ngokuthi yiD okanye iyaziwa ngamagama e-Dillies, i-Footballs, Juice ne-Smack.
Kaninzi
10 - iOxymorphone
I-Oxymorphone ithengiswa phantsi kwegama legama elithi Opana, Numorphan, kunye neNewphone. Imiselwe ukuba ilawule intlungu kwaye ifumaneke kwiipilisi zombini ezinokukhawuleza.
Le opiate ibhakabhaka kwaye i-octagon imo, ngoko amagama ayo esitalato abonakalisa oku: amaBiscuits, iBlue Heaven, Blues, Nks. O, O Bomb, Octagons, kunye ne-Stop Signs.
ILizwi
Nangona zichazwe ngamachiza ngezizathu ezifanelekileyo, kubalulekile ukuba uqaphele amandla okulutha kwezi ntlungu. Ukuba unenkxalabo malunga nayiphi na imithi oyimiselweyo, xela ugqirha wakho okanye ukhemisti.
> Imithombo:
> Amacandelo okuLawula nokuLawula izifo. Ukuphucula i-Opioid Ukubhala. 2017.
> Amacandelo okuLawula nokuLawula izifo. Uhlalutyo Lweenkcukacha zeOpioid. 2017.
> Isizwe seSizwe sokuSetyenziswa kakubi kweziyobisi. Amashadi aMadaka aSebenzisa kakubi. 2018.
> Isizwe seSizwe sokuSetyenziswa kakubi kweziyobisi. I-Opioid Overdose Crisis. 2018.
> Isizwe seSizwe sokuSetyenziswa kakubi kweziyobisi. Ziziphi iiKlasi zeMithi yokuLawulwa kweMithi yokuLawulwa kweMithi eziqhelekileyo ezixhaphakileyo? 2018.