Ukunyamezela nokuPhathwa
Ngomnyaka wophando, inani leempawu zengxaki yokuxinwa kwengxaki emva kokuphazamiseka (PTSD) sele zichongiwe. Ezi ziyimpawu ezinokuthi ziphuhlise emva kwimeko yesiganeko esibuhlungu kwaye zidweliswe kwiNcwadana yokuHlola kunye neSatistim of Disabilities (DSM-5).
Iimpawu
Izimpawu ze-PTSD zihlukaniswe ngamaqela amane ahlukeneyo, kuquka:
1. Ukuva kwakhona
Ukuva kwakhona , okanye ukuxhomekeka, isiganeko esibuhlungu sibandakanya ezi zimpawu:
- Ngokuphindaphindiweyo ukuphazamisa iingcinga okanye iinkumbulo malunga nesiganeko esibuhlungu
- Ukuba neenkcukacha zobusuku eziphindaphindiweyo
- Ukusebenza okanye ukuvakalelwa ngathi isiganeko esibuhlungu sisenzeka kwakhona, ngezinye iinkhathi kuthiwa yi-flashback
- Ukuba neengxaki ezinzima xa ukhunjuzwa ngesiganeko esibuhlungu
- Ukuziphendulela ngokomzimba, njengokuba ufumana ukunyuka kwentliziyo yakho okanye ukukhupha, xa ukhunjuzwa ngesiganeko esibuhlungu
2. Ukuphepha
Ukukhusela ngokukhawuleza abantu, iindawo, okanye iimeko ezikukhumbuza isiganeko esibuhlungu ziquka ezi zimpawu:
- Ukwenza umgudu wokuphepha iingcinga, iimvakalelo, okanye iingxoxo malunga nesiganeko esibuhlungu
- Ukwenza umgudu wokuphepha iindawo okanye abantu abakhumbuzayo ngesiganeko esibuhlungu
- Ukuqinisekisa ukuba uxakekile ukuba ube nexesha lokucinga ngesiganeko esibuhlungu
3. Ukungabi naso
Ukuvakalelwa kwinqanaba okanye ngokugqithiseleyo, okubizwa ngokuba yi- hyperarousal , kuquka ezi zimpawu:
- Ukuba nexesha elinzima ukuwa okanye ukuhlala ulele
- Ukuvakalelwa ngakumbi okanye ukucaphuka komsindo
- Ukuba nobunzima ukugxila
- Ukuziva uhlale uqaphele okanye unjengengozi ujikeleza ngeenxa zonke
- Ukuhlaselwa okanye ukuphazamiseka lula
4. Iingcamango ezingekhoyo kunye neenkolelo
Iingcamango neemvakalelo malunga nawe kunye nabanye zingaba zibi kwaye zingabandakanya ezi zimpawu:
- Ukuba nexesha elinzima ukukhumbula iingxenye ezibalulekileyo zesiganeko esibuhlungu
- Ukulahlekelwa ngumdla kubalulekile, xa kulungile, imisebenzi
- Ukuziva ukude kwabanye
- Ukufumana ubunzima obunemivakalelo emihle , enjengolonwabo okanye uthando
- Uvakalelwa kukuba ubomi bakho bunqunyulwa
Uninzi lwezi zibonakaliso luyinto engapheliyo yempendulo yethu yendalo yokunyamezela. Ukuqonda ukuphendula kwendalo yethu kwingozi kunye nengozi, eyaziwa ngokuba yimpi okanye impendulo yendiza , kunokusinceda siqonde ngakumbi iimpawu ze-PTSD.
Ukuxilongwa
Ukuze ufumane i-PTSD , akudingeki ukuba ube nayo yonke le mpawu. Enyanisweni, kunqabile ukuba umntu ophethe i-PTSD ufumane zonke iimpawu ezibhalwe ngasentla. Ukufumana ukuxilongwa kwe-PTSD, ufuna kuphela inani elithile leempawu kwiqela ngalinye.
Imfuneko eyongezelelweyo yokuxilongwa kwakhona kufuneka ihlolwe, njengendlela oye waphendula ngayo kwisiganeko esibuhlungu, ixesha elide ufumane ngayo iimpawu zakho, kunye nokuba ubunzima bezophi iimpawu eziphazamisa ubomi bakho.
Ukujamelana Nezibonakaliso
Iimpawu ze-PTSD zinokuba nzima ukujamelana nazo , kwaye ngenxa yoko, abantu abaninzi abane-PTSD bahlakulela izicwangciso zokulwa nokungahambi kakuhle, ezifana nokusetyenziswa kakubi kotywala okanye ukusebenzisa iziyobisi okanye ukuzilimaza ngamabomu .
Ngenxa yale mngcipheko, kubalulekile ukuphuhlisa inani leendlela zokuphatha ngokufanelekileyo ukulawula iimpawu zakho ze-PTSD. Ukujongana nezicwangciso ongazenzayo ukubandakanya ebomini bakho kubandakanya:
- Ukufunda indlela yokujamelana nokuxhalabisa
- Ukufumana iindlela eziphilileyo zokulawula iimvakalelo zakho
- Ukufunda indlela yokujamelana neengcamango nezikhumbuzo ezingathandekiyo
- Ukulawula iingxaki zokulala
- Ukukwazi ukuchonga nokuhlangabezana ne-PTSD
- Ukulawula iifowuni kunye nokuhlukana
Izinyango Zonyango
Uninzi lwezonyango zengqondo lufunyenwe luncedo ekuncedeni abantu ukuba bahlangabezane neempawu zePTSD. Ezinye zezi ziquka:
- Ulwaphulo-ngxaki yokuziphatha (CBT) lwe-PTSD ligxininise ekutshintsheni indlela ovavanya ngayo nokuphendula kwiimeko, iingcamango, kunye neemvakalelo, kunye nokuziphatha okungalunganga okuvela kwiingcamango zakho neemvakalelo zakho.
- Ulwaphulo lwamayeza lubonisa unyango lwe-PTSD olujolise ekunciphiseni ukwesaba kwakho, ukuxhalaba nokuziphatha okukhuselayo ngokubambisana ngokupheleleyo, okanye ukubonakaliswa kuzo, iingcamango, iimvakalelo okanye imeko ozoyikisayo.
- Ukwamkela kunye nokuzibophelela ngonyango luyinkqubo yokuziphatha okusekelwe kwingcamango yokuba ukuhlupheka kwethu akuveli kwintlungu yentlungu, kodwa ukususela ekuzameni kwethu ukukhusela loo ntlungu. Injongo yalo enkulu kukukunceda uvuleleke kwaye uzimisele ukufumana amava akho angaphakathi ngeli xesha ugxininise ingqalelo ekuzameni ukuphepha okanye ukuphepha intlungu, kuba oko akunakwenzeka, kodwa endaweni yokuphila ubomi obunentsingiselo.
- Ukunyakaza kwamehlo ukungaxhaswanga kweso kunye nokuhlaziya (EMDR) yenye yonyango osebenzayo kakhulu ekuphatheni i-PTSD equka ukucinga ngengxaki yakho xa ubeka ingqalelo kwi-stimulus yangaphandle, njengokukhanya okanye umunwe ohamba emva nangaphezulu. Kukunceda wenze udibaniso olutsha phakathi koxinzelelo lwakho kunye nokucinga okulungileyo.
Ukufumana unyango kubalulekile
Ukuba ufumana iimpawu zePTSD, kubalulekile ukuba ufumane uncedo oluyidingayo. Abantu abaninzi baye bafumana iPTSD ngonyango. Nangona kunjalo, iimpawu ezingagxininiswa ze-PTSD zingaba zibi nakwixesha kwaye zingafaka isandla ekuphuhliseni ezinye iingxaki zengqondo, ezifana nokudakumba okukhulu , ukuphazamiseka kwezidakamizwa , ukuphazamiseka kwezidakamizwa , ukuphazamiseka kokutya okanye ukukhathazeka ngokuxhalabisa . Buza ugqirha wakho okanye uchwepheshe wezempilo yengqondo ngokucebisa okanye ukuthunyelwa kumntu ogqwesileyo ekuphatheni i-PTSD.
> Imithombo:
> I-American Psychiatric Association (APA). I-Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Disabilities. 5. Washington, DC: 2013.
> Pai A, Suris AM, North North CS. I-Posttraumatic Stress Disorder kwi- DSM-5 : Ukuphikisana, utshintsho kunye nokucingisisa. Hunter SJ, ed. ZeNzululwazi . 2017; 7 (1): 7. i-doi: 10.3390 / bs7010007.
> Isebe leMelika yeeMfazwe. I-DSM-5 Inkcazo yePTSD Diagnosis. I-PTSD: Iziko leSizwe lePTSD. Ukuhlaziywa ngoFebruwari 23, 2016.
> Isebe leMelika yeeMfazwe. I-PTSD kunye ne-DSM-5. I-PTSD: Iziko leSizwe lePTSD. Ukuhlaziywa ngoFebhuwari 22, 2018.
> Isebe leMelika yeeMfazwe. Unyango lwePTSD. I-PTSD: Iziko leSizwe lePTSD. Ukuhlaziywa kwe-Agasti 18, 2017.