I-DSM-5 I-PTSD Inkcazo yokuchonga

Yintoni etshintshile ukusuka kwi-DSM-IV

Inkqubo yokufumanisa i-post-traumatic disorder disorder (PTSD) kwiphepha yesihlanu yeNcwadana yokuHlola kunye neSatistim of Disabilities Dismers (DSM-5) ihluke ngokuthe ngqo kwimiqathango kwisineki yesine. Nazi iindlela zokubonakalisa iimpawu kwi-DSM-5:

Criterion A

Uye waboniswa kwisiganeko okanye esinye isiganeko esabandakanyeka ukufa okanye esongela ukufa, okwenene okanye esongela ukulimala okukhulu, okanye usongelo lwezocalulo zesondo.

Ukongezelela, ezi ziganeko zenzeke ngenye indlela okanye ngaphezulu kwezi ndlela zilandelayo:

1. Ufumene umcimbi
2. Usibonele isiganeko njengoko kwenzeka kumnye umntu
3. Ufunde ngesiganeko apho isihlobo esisondeleyo okanye umhlobo sinobuhlobo obunobundlobongela okanye obunobungozi bokufa
4. Uye wabona ngokuphindaphindiweyo iinkcukacha eziphazamisayo zesiganeko, njengepolisa ngokuphindaphindiweyo ukuva iinkcukacha malunga nokuxhaphazwa kwabantwana ngokwesondo

Criterion B

Unamava ubuncinane kwezi zilandelayo zibonakalisa iimpawu ezihambelana nesiganeko esibuhlungu:

1. Ukukhumbula okungafunekiyo okanye okulindelweyo, okungazibandakanyeki, kunye neenkumbulo eziphazamisayo zesiganeko esibuhlungu
2. Ukuphindaphinda amaphupha ahlaselayo apho umxholo wephupha uhambelana nesiganeko esibuhlungu
3. Amava ohlobo oluthile lokuhlukana (umzekelo, ukukhwabanisa) apho uvakalelwa kukuba isiganeko esibuhlungu sisenzeka kwakhona
4. Unxinzelelo oluqinileyo kunye oluqhubekayo ekuveleleni kwiinkalo eziphakathi okanye ngaphandle komzimba wakho ezixhunyiwe kwisiganeko sakho esibuhlungu

1. Impendulo enamandla yomzimba (umzekelo, ukwanda kwenani lentliziyo) xa ukhankanywa kwisikhumbuzo sesiganeko esibuhlungu

Criterion C

Ukuziphepha rhoqo izikhumbuzo ezihambelana nesiganeko esibuhlungu, njengoko kuboniswe ngolu hlobo lulandelayo:

1. Ukuphephelwa kweengcamango, iimvakalelo, okanye iimvakalelo ezibonakalayo ezikhupha izikhumbuzo zesiganeko esibuhlungu

1. Ukuphepha abantu, iindawo, iingxoxo, imisebenzi, izinto, okanye iimeko ezikhumbuza isiganeko esibuhlungu

Criterion D

Ubuncinane ubuncinane kwiinguqu ezilandelayo zilandelayo kwiingcamango kunye nomoya owenziwe okanye wonakalisa emva kokuvalelwa kwesiganeko esibuhlungu:

1. Ukungakwazi ukukhumbula into ebalulekileyo yesiganeko esibuhlungu
2. Ukuhlaziywa okuqhubekayo kunye nokuphakanyiswa okuphezulu malunga nawe, abanye, okanye ihlabathi (umzekelo, "Andiyithandi," okanye "Ihlabathi liyindawo engendawo")
3. Ukuphakanyiswa okanye ukusola abanye malunga nesizathu okanye umphumo wesiganeko esibuhlungu
4. Isimo sengqondo esibi (umzekelo, uhlazo, umsindo, okanye ukwesaba) okubanzi
5. Ukulahlekelwa ngumdla kwimisebenzi owawuyithandayo
6. Uziva uvalelwe kwabanye
7. Ukungakwazi ukuva iimvakalelo ezintle (umzekelo, ulonwabo, uthando, uvuyo)

Criterion E

Ubuncinane kwezi zintathu zenguqu ezilandelayo ekuvusweni okwaqala okanye ezibi ngakumbi emva kwexesha lesiganeko esibuhlungu :

1. Ukutshatyalaliswa okanye ukuziphatha kakubi
2. Ukuziphatha kakubi okanye ukuzilimaza
3. Ukuvakalelwa rhoqo "ngokuqapha" okanye njengengozi ujikeleza ngeenxa zonke kwikhonkco (okanye i-hypervigilance)
4. Impendulo ephakanyisiweyo
5. Unzima ukugxila
6. Iingxaki zokulala

Criterion F

Izimpawu ezingentla zingapheli ngaphezu kweenyanga enye.

Criterion G

Iimpawu zizisa ubunzima obukhulu kunye / okanye ukuphazamisa kakhulu kwiindawo ezahlukeneyo zobomi bakho .

Criterion H

Izimpawu azikho ngenxa yemo yezokwelapha okanye uhlobo oluthile lokusetyenziswa kweziyobisi.

I-DSM-5 I-PTSD Diagnosis

Ukuze ufumane i-PTSD ngokwe-DSM-5, kufuneka uhlangabezane nale ilandelayo:

• Criterion A
• Esinye uphawu (okanye ngaphezulu) kwiCriterion B
• Esinye uphawu (okanye ngaphezulu) kwiCriterion C
• Izimpawu ezintathu (okanye ngaphezulu) kwiCriterion D
• Izimpawu ezintathu (okanye ngaphezulu) kwiCriterion E
• Iingqinamba F ngokusebenzisa H

Indlela i-DSM-5 yatshintshwa ngayo

Utshintsho olukhulu kwi-DSM-5 lususa i-PTSD kwisigaba seengxaki zokuxhalabisa nokuyibeka kwisigaba esibizwa ngokuba yi "Traum and Distress-Related Related Disorders".

Ezinye iinguqu eziphambili ziquka:

• Ukucacisa ngokucacileyo ukuba zeziphi iimeko eziqwalaselwa ngengozi kwiCandelo A
• Ukongeza uhlobo lwesine lokubhengezwa kwiCandelo A
• Ukwandisa inani lamagqabantshintshi ukusuka kwintathu ukuya kwezine ngokuhlukanisa iimpawu zokuphepha kwiqela lawo (IsiCwangciso C)
• Ukwandisa inani leempawu ezivela kwi-17 ukuya kwe-20
• Ukutshintsha iilwimi kwezinye zeempawu ezivela kwi-DSM-IV
• Ukongeza imilinganiselo emitsha yeendlela zokulungiselela abantwana abaneminyaka engama-6 okanye abatsha
• Ukunciphisa i-"acute" kunye "neengxaki" ezingapheliyo
• Ukuzisa isicatshulwa esitsha esibizwa ngokuthi "iimpawu zokungaxhamli"

Unokuphonononga ingqiqo yolu tshintsho, kunye nokujonga ezinye iinguqu kwi-DSM-5, kwiziko le-American Psychiatric Association (APA).

> Imithombo:

> I-American Psychiatric Association (APA). I-Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Disabilities. 5. Washington, DC: 2013.

> Friedman MJ, Resick PA, uBryant RA, uBrewin CR. Ukuqwalasela i-PTSD ye-DSM-5. Ukuxinezeleka nokuxhalabisa. NgoSeptemba 2011; 28 (9): 750-769. i-doi: 10.1002 / da.20767.

> Pai A, Suris AM, North North CS. I-Posttraumatic Stress Disorder kwi- DSM-5 : Ukuphikisana, utshintsho kunye nokucingisisa. Hunter SJ, ed. ZeNzululwazi . 2017; 7 (1): 7. i-doi: 10.3390 / bs7010007.