Abantu bavame ukusebenzisa igama elithi "ingozi" ngokubanzi xa bechaza iziganeko eziphambili zobomi. Umzekelo, i- American Psychological Association (APA) ichaza "intlungu" njengempendulo yomntu kwisiganeko esibi kakhulu (esiphazamisayo).
Nangona kunjalo, iingcali zempilo yengqondo zichaza iziganeko ezibuhlungu ngendlela ekhethekileyo. Izikhokelo ezisetyenziswayo zitshintshile kwaye zaqhubeka ziguquka njengoko ukuqonda kwabo into eyenza isiganeko esibuhlungu siye sanda.
Olu bulumko lubaluleke ngakumbi xa bezama ukufunda ukuba ngaba umntu okanye unako ukufumana ingxaki yokudandatheka kwengxaki (PTSD) .
I-DSM Inkcazo yesiGaneko esibuhlungu
Ukuqhathaniswa neengxelo zangaphambili zeNgcaciso kunye neSatistimatic Disorders (DSM), umxholo we- 5 ngokucacileyo uqwalasela iinkcukacha zeziganeko ezibuhlungu, ngokukodwa kwisakhelo sokufumanisa i-PTSD. I-DSM-5 ichaza i- PTSD ibangela njengolu hlobo lweziganeko ezibuhlungu:
- Ukubonakalisa ukufa okanye ukubulawa
- Nzakala kakhulu
- Ukuphulwa ngokwesondo
Ukongezelela, ukuchithwa kufuneka kubangelwe kwelinye okanye ngaphezulu kwezi zilandelayo, apho umntu:
- Ukufumana ngokukhawuleza isiganeko esibuhlungu
- AmaNgqina esi siganeko esibuhlungu kumntu
- Ufunda ukuba isiganeko esibuhlungu senzeke kwilungu losapho elisondeleyo okanye umhlobo osondeleyo (kunye nokufa okanye ukwesatshiswa kokubundlobongela okanye kwengozi)
- Amava, isandla sokuqala, ngokuphindaphindiweyo okanye ngokugqithiseleyo kwiinkcukacha ezingathandekiyo (ezingathandekiyo) zesiganeko esibuhlungu (asinakufunda malunga nayo kwimidiya, imifanekiso, ithelevishini, okanye iifilimu, ngaphandle kwemicimbi ehlobene nomsebenzi)
Ngaba Kukho Indlela Yokuxelela Ukuba Umntu Oye Wafumana Isiganeko Esibuhlungu?
Ukubeka nje, kuxhomekeke. Nangona usondelene kakhulu nomntu, unganakubona izibonakaliso ezisisiseko zeentlungu , ezinokubandakanya ukubonakala zidibanise kwaye "uphume kuyo." Umntu unokufumana iimpawu ezingenayo i-dissociative - umzekelo, unokusabela imibuzo okanye izimvo, njengokungathi wayengekho.
Nangona kunjalo, eminye imiqondiso yokuba umntu utyhafile ingaba lula ukuba ubone:
- Ukuxhalabisa , okunokuthi kubonakale ngolu hlobo, umzekelo, ukulungelelanisa, ukunyanzeliswa, ukugxininiseka, ukuphazamiseka kwemizwa, "ukuphazamiseka ebusuku"
- Ukuvutha komzwelo okanye iimvakalelo ezinjengomsindo, ukuphika, okanye ukudabuka
- Iimpawu zomzimba- ziquka ukubetha kwentliziyo, ukukhathala, ukunyameka, ukunyaniseka, okanye ukukwazi ukuhlangabezana noko kwenzeka
Yintoni ebaluleke kakhulu ukuba ukwazi? Ukuba ngokukhawuleza umntu angathetha ngesiganeko esibuhlungu , ngcono amathuba okuba uya kubuya ngaphandle kokuphazamiseka. Gcina ukhumbule ukuba imiphumo emide yexesha eliqhelekileyo lisoloko libi kakhulu.
Kuthekani ukuba andifuni ukukhubaza lo mntu, okanye uncedo lwam luyanqatshwa?
Kunzima ukuzama ukunceda xa umhlobo okanye othandekayo engafuni ukuthetha malunga nento eyenzekayo. Kungaba nzima ukuqhubeka wenze umzamo wokufumana umntu ukuba aphendule, ngakumbi xa unomuva unqanyulwa. Kodwa uhlala kwindawo elungileyo ukunceda xa wena:
- Qonda inkcazo yesiganeko esibuhlungu
- Unokwazi ukubona ezinye zeempawu
- Ngaba bazimisele ukuqhubeka becela uncedo nangona kungavunywanga kuqala
Khumbula, ukuxhaswa kwakho okuzinzile, okhathalelayo emva kwesiganeko esibuhlungu kungenza umehluko omkhulu ngendlela kwaye-kwaye ngokukhawuleza-umntu osihlungu uyayifumana.
Imithombo:
"I-Posttraumatic Stress Disorder." Umbutho we-American Psychiatric Association, i-American Psychiatric Publishing (ngo-2013).
PsychGuides.com. Iimpawu zoThuthumo, izizathu kunye neempembelelo. http://www.psychguides.com/guides/trauma-symptoms-causes-and-effects/.