Iingcali zePhysical Psychologists kunye nabaPhicothi abaye banceda kwiNgqondo
1 - Alfred Adler
Le mifanekiso ifaka ezinye zeengcali zengqondo ezidumileyo kunye nabanye abacinga kakhulu abaye benza igalelo elikhulu kwizengqondo.
UAlfred Adler wayengudokotela waseAustria kwaye ekuqaleni wayeqabane lomntu owaziwayo wase-Austrian psychoanalyst uSigmund Freud. U-Adler ekugqibeleni wagxothwa kwisangqa sangaphakathi sikaFrud, kodwa waqhubeka efumene isethi yakhe yeengcamango ezaziwa ngokuba yi-Individual Psychology. Mhlawumbi mhlawumbi owaziwa kakhulu ngoluvo lwakhe lobunzima obuphantsi. Funda kabanzi ngobomi bakhe kunye neengcamango kulo mbhalo ka-Alfred Adler
2 - uAlfred Binet
U-Alfred Binet wayengumbhali weengqondo waseFransi owamiselwa nguRhulumente waseFransi ukuba enze isicwangciso sokuhlola ukuchonga abantwana abafuna uncedo olukhethekileyo esikolweni. Umsebenzi weBinet waholela ekudalweni kovavanyo lweBinet-Simon Intelligence. Olu vavanyo luhlala luyisiseko seemvavanyo ezininzi zamanqaku ezikhoyo zanamhlanje. Funda kabanzi ngobomi bakhe kunye nomsebenzi wakhe kule ngxelo ye-Alfred Binet .
3 - uErik Erikson
U-Erik Erikson uphuhliso lweengcali ezisibhozo zentuthuko yophuhliso lwabantu olujonge indlela abantu batshintsha ngayo kwaye bakhule ngaphezu kwexesha lonke lobomi. U-Erikson naye udumileyo ngenxa yengcamango yakhe yesazisi. Funda ngokubanzi malunga nendlela iziganeko zobomi bakhe zanceda ngayo iingcamango zakhe kule ngqungquthela kaErik Erikson .
4 - Sigmund Freud
ISigmund Freud ingaba yinye yemifanekiso eyaziwa kakhulu embalini, kodwa enye yeyona nto inokuphikisana. Wayengumsekeli wesikolo seengqondo esaziwa ngokuthi yi-psychoanalysis. Uyaziwa nangengcamango yakhe yengqondo engenalwazi kunye nengcamango yakhe yesigaba sokuphuhliswa kwengqondo. Unokufunda okungakumbi malunga nobomi bakhe, iingcamango, kunye nefuthe kwizengqondo kwi- Sigmund Freud .
5 - G. Stanley Hall
UG. Stanley Hall wasungula i-lab yaseYurophu yebhuyibhile yebhuyuni kwiYunivesithi yaseJohn Hopkins kwaye waba ngumongameli wokuqala we-American Psychological Association (APA) ngo-1892. Funda kabanzi malunga nobomi bakhe kwaye usebenze kule ngxelo ye-G. Stanley Hall .
6 - uKaren Horney
UKaren Horney wayeyi-psychoanalyst evelele kakhulu eyaziwayo ngeengcamango zakhe ze-neurosis, kwengqondo yezesetyhini kunye nokuzimela kwengqondo. Ngoxa uHorney wayengumNew-Freudian, naye wayecelisa ininzi kwiingcamango zikaSigmund Freud malunga nengqondo yengqondo yabesifazane. Ngokomzekelo, uHorney u-Freud wavuma ukuba abafazi bafumana "umona wesono" ngokubonisa ukuba abantu baziva "isibeleko" kuba abanako ukuzala abantwana. Funda kabanzi malunga nobomi bakhe, umsebenzi wakhe, kunye neengcamango kulo mxholo weKaren Horney.
7 - uWilliam James
UWiliam James uyaziwa njengomnye wabasunguli beengqondo ze-American kunye nombhali wencwadi yeklasi yeenkcazo Imigaqo-Psychology. Funda kabanzi ngobomi bakhe bokuqala kunye nempembelelo kwizengqondo kule ncwadi yeWilliam James .
8 - uCarl Jung
UCarl Jung wayengumhlengikazi waseSwitzerland ukhumbula ingcamango yakhe yokungazi kakuhle. Nangona ekuqaleni wayeyinyanzelo kaFreud, ekugqibeleni wahlula kumcebisi wakhe ukuba aqhubekele iingcamango zakhe, ekuthiwa yi-Psychology. Funda kabanzi kule ngxelo yeCarl Jung.
9 - Abraham Maslow
UAbraham Maslow wayengumqondo wezengqondo waseMerika obizwa ngokuba ngumsekeli weengqondo zesintu . Mhlawumbi mhlawumbi owaziwa kakhulu ngenxa yokuzimela kwakhe kweemfuno kunye nokugxininisa kwimbono yokuzimela .
10 - Kurt Lewin
U-Kurt Lewin udla ngokuba ngumsunguli weengqondo zanamuhla. Uyaziwa ngezifundo zakhe kwiqela le-dynamics, kwi-field theory, kunye nokufunda ngokufunda. Funda kabanzi ngo- Kurt Lewin kule ngcaciso emfutshane yobomi bakhe kunye nomsebenzi wakhe.
11 - UHugo Munsterberg
UHugo Munsterberg wayengumvulindlela kwintsimi yesimo sengqondo, ngokukodwa kwimimandla yoshishino-nhlangano kunye neengqondo. Funda ngokuphila kwakhe kwasekuqaleni, umsebenzi kunye neminikelo enkulu enkqubeni yeengqondo kwi-biography emfutshane yobomi bakhe: I- Biography kaHugo Munsterberg .
12 - Ivan Pavlov
U-Ivan Pavlov wayengumzimba we-Russian physologist, kodwa wahlala ngonaphakade ngenxa yokufumanisa inkqubo ye-classic conditioning. Umsebenzi kaPavlov waba nempembelelo enkulu kwabanye abacingayo kuquka noJohn B. Watson kwaye badlala indima ebalulekileyo ekuphuhliseni ukuziphatha: I- Biography ka-Ivan Pavlov
13 - uJean Piaget
UJean Piaget wayengumsizi weengqondo waseSwitzerland okhunjulwa ngokugqithiseleyo ngeengcamango zakhe ezidumileyo zokuphuhliswa kwengqondo. Funda ngokuphila kwakhe kwasekuqaleni kunye nokuphuhliswa kwengcamango yakhe echaphazelekayo kule ngqungquthela yobomi bakhe nomsebenzi: I- Biography kaJean Piaget
14 - uCarl Rogers
UCarl Rogers wayengumntu wezengqondo ezenza umntu odale indlela echaphazelayo kwi-Psychotherapy eyaziwa ngokuba yonyango olujoliswe kubaxhasi. Kwimeko enye yeengcali zeengqondo ezona ziphezulu zephondo leminyaka le-20, uRogers ubanjwe kwinqanaba lesithandathu. Funda kabanzi ngobomi bakhe kunye neengcamango: UCarl Rogers Biography
15 - BF Skinner
Uphando lukaBF Skinner kwiimeko zokusebenza (eyaziwa ngokuba ngumgangatho osebenzayo) wamenza enye yeenkokheli zokuziphatha, kodwa iingcamango zakhe kunye nophando naye wamenza waba netyekelo ekuphikisana. Funda kabanzi kule biography yeBF Skinner .
16 - uWilhelm Wundt
UWilhelm Wundt owaziwayo ngokusungula i-lab yokuqala ye-psychology lab yaseLeipzig, eJamani. Udlalwa ngokusungula isikolo sengcamango, nangona kunjalo wayengumfundi wakhe u-Edward Titchener owenze njalo. Funda kabanzi malunga nobomi bukaWundt kule ngcaciso emfutshane .