UAbraham Maslow wayengumqondo weengqondo waseMelika mhlawumbi owaziwa ngokuba nguyena wabasunguli beengqondo zesintu kunye nolawulo lwakhe oludumileyo lwezidingo. UMaslow wayenomuvo wokuthi i-Freud's psychoanalytic theory kunye neColner's'sory theory yayigxininise kakhulu kwiimeko ezinobungozi okanye ezinobunzima bokuhlala kunye nokunyaniseka konke okusemandleni kunye nokudala abantu abanakho.
Ulawulo lwabantu baseMaslow luye lwaphakanyiswa ukuba abantu baneemfuno ezininzi, kwaye njengoko ezi zidingo zidibeneyo ziyakwazi ukuqhuba ezinye iimfuno. Iimfuno kwisiseko sobukhosi bakhe zizinto ezisisiseko kwimvelo, ngokuthe gqolo ziqhubela phambili kwiimfuno zentlalo, zengqondo kunye nezizimeleyo njengoko umntu ephakamisa ulawulo oluphezulu.
Ibali loluntu loluntu ibali lamadoda nabasetyhini abathengisa ngokwabo. " - Abraham Maslow
Eyaziwa kakhulu
- Ulawulo oluPhezulu lweeMfuno
- Umsunguli we- Humanistic Psychology
Ubomi bokuqala baseMaslow
UAbraham Maslow wazalwa ngo-Ephreli 1, 1908, eBrooklyn, eNew York, apho wakhula khona abantwana bokuqala abasixhenxe abazalwa ngabazali bakhe abangamaYuda abafudukela eRussia. UMaslow kamva wachaza ukuba umntwana wakhe wayeseneminyaka engonwabi kwaye enesizungu, kwaye wachitha ixesha elide kwilayibrari egalelwe kwiincwadi.
Ekugqibeleni, uMaslow waqhubeka efunda umthetho kwiKholeji yaseSixeko yaseNew York (CCNY) waza watshata nomzala wakhe wokuqala uBertha Goodman.
Kamva waguqula kwiYunivesithi yaseWisconsin apho wavelisa unomdla kwizengqondo waza wafumana umcebisi kwisazi sengqondo seengqondo uHarry Harlow owayengumcebisi wakhe ogqirha. UMaslow wafumana zonke iidriki zakhe kwi-Psychology yaseYunivesithi yaseWisconsin: i-bachelor's degree ngo-1930, i-degree of master ngo-1931 kunye nodokotela ngo-1934.
ImiSebenzi kunye neNkcazelo yeHumananistic
UAbraham Maslow waqala ukufundisa kwiKholeji yaseBrooklyn ngowe-1937 waza waqhubeka esebenza njengelungu le-faculty yesikolo kuze kube ngo-1951. Ngelo xesha, wachukunyiswa kakhulu nguGestalt wengqondo kwengqondo uMax Wertheimer kunye no-Ruth Benedict. UMaslow wayekholelwa ukuba babe ngabantu abakhethekileyo kangangokuthi waqala ukuhlalutya kwaye athathe amanqaku ngokuziphatha kwawo. Olu hlalutyo luyisiseko seengcamango zakhe kunye nophando olwenziwe ngabantu.
Ngexesha le-1950, uMaslow waba ngumnye wabasunguli kunye nokuqhutyelwa kwezinto eziqhutyayo emva kwesikolo sombono obizwa ngokuba yingqondo yesintu . Iingcamango zakhe ezibandakanya ulawulo oluphezulu lweemfuno, ukuhlaziywa kwamanye amazwe kunye namava okuba yimpumelelo yaba zifundo ezibalulekileyo kwinkqubela yabantu.
Inkqubo yokuzimela ngokwayo idlala indima ebalulekileyo kwimfundiso kaMaslow. Wachaza lo mkhuba ngokuthi "ukusetyenziswa ngokupheleleyo kunye nokuxhaphazwa kweetalente, amandla, amandla, njl. Ngamanye amazwi, abantu bahlala beqhubeka nokuzama ukufikelela ekusebenzeni kwabo ngokupheleleyo. Ukuzimela ngokwabo akuyiyo ipopota okanye indawo. Yinkqubo eqhubekayo apho abantu baqhubeka bezolula kwaye bafezekise iindawo eziphakamileyo zokuphila, ubuchule kunye nokuzaliseka.
UMaslow wayekholelwa ukuba abantu abaziphetheyo banayo impawu ebalulekileyo. Ezinye zazo zibandakanya ukwamukelwa, ukuzimela, ukuzimela kunye nokukwazi ukufumana amava.
Igalelo kwiNzululwazi
Ngexesha apho abaninzi abanokwenzululwazi bejolise kwiinkalo zobuntu ezazingathatyathwa ngokungavamile, uAbraham Maslow wagxininisa ukujonga kwiindawo ezintle zempilo yengqondo. Inomdla wakhe kumandla abantu, ukufuna amava okuphucula kunye nokuphucula impilo yengqondo ngokufuna ukukhula komntu ngokwawo inempembelelo engapheliyo kwingqondo.
Nangona umsebenzi kaMaslow wawungathandwa ngabaninzi beengqondo kunye nabanye bacebisa ukuba ulawulo lwakhe lube lufanele ngenxa yokuhlaziywa , iingcamango zakhe zivuyisayo ngenxa yokunyuka komdla kwi- psychological positive .
UMaslow wafa eCalifornia ngoJuni 8, 1970, ngenxa yesifo senhliziyo.
Iincwadi ezikhethiweyo
- Maslow, A. (1954). Isizathu kunye noBuntu . NY: Harper.
- Maslow, A. (1962). Kuya kwiSyythilogy of Being . NY: Van Nostrand.
> Imithombo:
> Umnqamlezo, M. 100 Abantu abaguqule iMelika yaseMelika, uMqulu 1. USanta Barbara, CA; ABC-CLIO; 2013.
> Lawson, R, Graham, J, & Baker, K. Imbali ye-Psychology: Ihlabathi, Iingcamango, kunye nezicelo. ENew York: uRoutledge; 2007.