UG. Stanley Hall wayengumgulana weengqondo mhlawumbi owaziwayo njengowokuqala waseMerika ukufumana i-PhD kwingqondo kunye nokuba nguMongameli wokuqala we-American Psychological Association. Kwakhona waba nempembelelo enkulu ekuphuhlisweni kokuqala kwengqondo kwi-United States. Ngomsebenzi wakhe njengomfundisi, wathonya ezinye iinkolelo zengqondo ezikhokelayo kuquka uJohn Dewey noLee Terman.
Ngokwe-2002 ukuhlaziywa kweengcali zeengqondo zephambili zekhulu lemashumi mabini, iHolo yafakwa kwi-psychologist engama-72 ekhankanyiweyo kakhulu, isigaba esabelana ngayo nomfundi wakhe uLee Terman.
Masiqwalasele ngakumbi ubomi bakhe kunye nelifa.
Eyaziwayo kakhulu:
- Waba nguMongameli wokuqala we- American Psychological Association (APA) ngowe-1892.
- Kwakhiwa i-laboratory yokuqala ye-American psychology kwiYunivesithi yaseJohn Hopkins.
- UMerika wasekuqaleni ukufumana i-Ph.D. kwi Psychology.
Ubomi bakhe bokuqala
UGranville Stanley Hall wazalwa ngoFebhuwari 1, 1884. Wakhula eplasini eAshfield, eMassachusetts. Ekuqaleni wabhalisa kwi-Williston Academy ngowe-1862, kodwa kamva wathunyelwa kwi-Williams College. Emva kokugqitywa kwakhe ngowe-1867, wafika kwi-Union Theological Seminary. Uqeqesho lwakhe lokuqala kunye nomsebenzi owawusekelwe kwi-theology. Nangona kunjalo, njengabafundi abaninzi beli xesha, waphefumlelwa ukuba aphendule kwi-psychology nguWilhelm Wundt's Principles of Psychology Psychology .
IHolo yahamba yafumana udokotela kwi-Psychology evela kwiYunivesithi yaseHarvard phantsi kwengcali yeengqondo uWilliam James noHenry P. Bowditch. UG. Stanley Hall ubekahlula ukuba ngumntu wokuqala waseMerika ukuba anikwe i-PhD kwi-Psychology. IHolo yafunda ngokufutshane kwi-laboratory yebhu ye-Wundt, ebizwa ngokuba yi- laboratory yokuqala ye-psychology laboratory emhlabeni.
Umsebenzi kunye neempumelelo
Ngethuba uG. Stanley Hall waqala ukufundisa kwakhe isiNgesi kunye nefilosofi, ekugqibeleni waba nguNjingalwazi weZengqondo kunye nePedagogics kwiYunivesithi yaseJohn Hopkins. Phakathi kwezinto ezininzi ezifezekileyo kwakunokudalwa kwe- American Journal of Psychology ngo-1887. Ngethuba lakhe kuYohn Hopkins, naye wasungula i-laboratory yokuqala ye-psychology ye-American laboratory.
Ngo-1888, iHolo yashiya iYunivesithi yaseJohn Hopkins kwaye ngo-1889 waba nguMongameli weYunivesithi yaseClake, apho yayihlala khona iminyaka engama-20 ezayo.
Ngowe-1892, iHolo yonyulwa njengomongameli wokuqala we- American Psychological Association . Ngomnyaka we-1909, wayenomdla ngokumema iqela leengqondo zengqondo kuquka uSigmund Freud ukuba athethe kwi-University of Clark. Uhambo lwaluyi- Freud yokuqala kwaye luye tyelela eUnited States.
Igalelo kwiNzululwazi
I-G. Stanley Hall eyona nto yayiyintando yengqondo kunye nophuhliso lwabantwana . Wathonywa kakhulu yi-Ernst Haeckel yokuphindaphinda i-theory, eyacetyiswa ukuba izigaba zobumnyama zendalo zifana nezigaba zokuphuhliswa kwezinto eziphilayo zendalo, inkolelo namhlanje eyanqatshwa yizinzulu ezininzi.
IHolo yanikela inani elikhulu lomsebenzi wayo ukuqonda ukuphuhliswa kwentsha, ngokukodwa kwindawo yobudlova.
Wachaza iintlobo ezimbini ezahlukeneyo zobudlova, okwakunobundlobongela obudlelane kunye nobudlova. Apho ephakamisa ukuba ubugwenxa beyinto eqhelekileyo phakathi kwendoda, wayekholelwa ukuba amabhinqa ayengabonakalisa ukulwa nobudlelwane. Olu hlobo lwenkohlakalo lubandakanya amaqhinga afana nokukhutshwa kwentlalo kunye nokuhleba.
Mhlawumbi inxaxheba yakhe enkulu kukuphuhliswa nokukhula kweengqondo zakuqala. Ngomnyaka we-1898, iHolo yayingamele i-30 kuma-54 e-PhD adikezelweyo e-United States. Abanye balabo bafunda ngaphantsi kwakhe baquka uLee Terman , uJohn Dewey, noJames McKeen Cattell .
Iminikelo yeHolo yasinceda ukusekwa kwengqondo kwi-United States kwaye yatshintsha indlela yabasengqondweni bexesha elizayo.
Wafa ngo-Ephreli 24, 1924.
Iincwadi ezikhethiweyo:
- Holo, GS. (1904). Ubutsha: I-Psychology yayo kunye noBudlelwane bayo kwiPhysics, i-Anthropology, i-Socialology, Ubulili, UbuCalulo, Inkolo, kunye neMfundo. 2 iindleko. ENew York, uAppleton.
- IHolo, uG. Stanley. (1906). Ulutsha: Imfundo, iRegiment, kunye neNhlanzeko. ENew York, uAppleton.
- IHolo, uG. Stanley. (1911). Iingxaki zeMfundo. 2 iindleko. ENew York, uAppleton.
ILizwi
IG. Stanley Hall yaba negalelo ekuphuhliseni i-psychology zakuqala eUnited States. Uyaziwa ngabantu bakhe bokuqala, kubandakanywa nokuba ngowokuqala waseMerika ukuba athole i-PhD kwingqondo, owokuqala ukuvula ityhulo yengqondo kwi-US, kunye nomongameli wokuqala we-APA. Ukongeza ezintlanganisweni zakhe ezininzi, wancedisa indlela yokufumana iingcali zeengqondo ezizayo eziye zashiya amanqaku avelele kwimbali yengqondo.
Imithombo:
Arnett, JJ. I-G. Stanley Hall yobutsha: Ubulumko kunye neentsilelo. Imbali yePhysics. 2006; 9 (3); 186-197.
UBlair-Broeker, CT, uErnst, R., Ernst, RM & Myers, DG Ukucinga ngeengqondo: Isayensi yengqondo nokuziphatha. Abapapashi Abafanelekileyo; 2003.
I-Goodchild, i-LFG yaseStanley Hall kunye neSifundo seMfundo ePhakamileyo. Ukuhlaziywa kweMfundo ePhakamileyo. 1996; 20: 69-99.
Haggbloom, SJ, et al. Iingcali ezili-100 ezigqwesileyo zeengqondo zekhulu lama-20. Ukuphononongwa kweNgcaciso yengqondo. 2002; 6: 139-152.