Imbali kunye neMilinganiselo yoBulumko boMoya
Ukukwazi ukubonisa nokulawula iimvakalelo zethu kubalulekile, kodwa kunjalo nokukwazi kwethu ukuqonda, ukutolika nokuphendula iimvakalelo zabanye. Khawucinge nje ngelizwe ongenakukuqonda xa umhlobo wayeva buhlungu okanye xa umntu osebenza naye ecaphukile. Iingcali zengqondo zibhekisela kulolu buchule njengengqondo engqondweni, kwaye ezinye iingcali zitsho ukuba zingabaluleke ngaphezu kwe-IQ kwimpumelelo yakho yonke ebomini.
Intelligence Intelligence
Ubulumko bomoya (EI) bubhekisela ekukwazi ukuqonda, ukulawula nokuvavanya iimvakalelo. Abanye abaphandi bacacisa ukuba ukuqonda kwengqondo kunokufunda nokuqiniswa, ngelixa abanye bathi bangumntu ozalwa.
Ukususela ngo-1990, uPeter Salovey noJohn D. Mayer bebekhokeli abaphambili kwiinkwenkwezi zengqondo. Kwinqaku elichaphazelayo "Intelligence Intelligence," bachaza ukuqonda kwengqondo ngokuthi "ukukwazi ukujonga iimvakalelo kunye neemvakalelo zabanye, ukubandlulula phakathi kwabo nokusebenzisa olu lwazi ukukhokela iingcinga nezenzo zakhe."
Amane amagatsha oBulumko boMoya
I-Salovey kunye noMeya bacebisa umzekelo owawufumana amanqanaba amane ahlukeneyo eengqondo, kuquka ukuqonda kwemvakalelo, ukukwazi ukuqiqa imizwa, ukukwazi ukuqonda imvakalelo, kunye nokukwazi ukulawula iimvakalelo.
- Ukuqonda iimvakalelo: Isinyathelo sokuqala kwimvakalelo yokuqonda kukubona ngokuchanekileyo. Kwiimeko ezininzi, oku kungabandakanya ukuqonda iimpawu ezingabonakaliyo ezifana nolwimi lomzimba kunye nesimo somzimba.
- Ukuqiqa ngeemvakalelo: Isinyathelo esilandelayo kubandakanya ukusebenzisa iimvakalelo ukukhuthaza umsebenzi wokucinga nokuqonda. Imvakalelo inceda ukubeka phambili into esilula ngayo kwaye sisabele ngayo; siphendula ngokwemvakalelo kwizinto ezenza ingqalelo yethu.
- Ukuqonda iimvakalelo: Iimvakalelo esizibonayo zinokuthabatha iintlobo ezininzi zeentsingiselo. Ukuba umntu ubonisa iimvakalelo ezinomsindo, umbonisi kufuneka ahumushe imbangela yomsindo womntu kunye nokuba ungathini. Umzekelo, ukuba umphathi wakho unomsindo, kusenokuthetha ukuba akanelisekile ngomsebenzi wakho, mhlawumbi kuba unokufumana ithikithi elikhawulezayo endleleni eya emsebenzini ngaloo ntsasa okanye ukuba ulwa nomkakhe.
- Ukulawula iimvakalelo: Ukukwazi ukulawula iimvakalelo ngempumelelo kuyinxalenye ebalulekileyo yengqondo kunye nezinga eliphezulu. Imvakalelo yokulawula, ukuphendula ngokufanelekileyo, nokuphendula kwimvakalelo yabanye yinto ebalulekileyo yokuphathwa kwemvakalelo.
Ngokutsho kweSalovey kunye noMeya, amagatsha amane omzekelo wawo
"ihlelwe kwiinkqubo ezingundoqo zengqondo ukuya kwiinkqubo eziphezulu, ezingaphezulu kweengqondo." Ngokomzekelo, isigaba esiphantsi sesebe sichaphazela (ubuchule) buchule bokuqonda nokubonisa imvakalelo . . "
Imbali emfutshane yoBulumko boMoya
Ulwaphulo lwengqondo njengekota alizange lifike kwisiqhelo sethu sobume kude kube ngo-1990, kodwa nanku ukukhangela kwindlela yaba ngayo.
- Ngama-1930- uEdward Thorndike uchaza ingcamango "yobulumko bentlalo" njengokwazi ukuhambelana nabanye abantu.
- Ama-1940-UDavid Wechsler ucebisa ukuba iingxenye ezifanelekileyo zengqondo zingabalulekile ekuphumeleleni ebomini.
- Ama-1950-Iingcali zezengqondo ze-Humanistic ezifana no- Abraham Maslow zichaza indlela abantu abangakha ngayo amandla omoya.
- Ngowe-1975- UWoward Gardner ushicilela i -Shattered Mind , echaza ingcamango yeengqondo ezininzi .
- Ngo-1985-UWayne Payne uvelisa igama elithi "ingqiqo yeengqondo" kwintetho yakhe yobungcali.
- Ngo-1987-Kwinqaku epapashwe kwiMensa Magazine , uKeith Beasley usebenzisa igama elithi "quotient emotion". Abanye bacetyisa ukuba oku kusetshenziswe kuqala ibinzana, nangona i-Reuven Bar-On ibango liye lasebenzisa eli gama kwinguqulo engashicilelwa ye-ssis.
- 1990-Iingcali zeengcali zikaPeter Salovey kunye noJohn Mayer zipapasha i-athikili yazo ephawulekayo, "Intelligence Intelligence," kwiphepha leMifanekiso, UkuCognition, kunye noBuntu .
- Ngo-1995-Iingcamango zengqondo zengqondo ziphakanyisiwe emva kokupapashwa kwengqondo kwengqondo kunye nomlobi wezesayensi zeNew York Times wencwadi kaDaniel Goleman ethi Intelligence Intelligence: Kutheni Kungabaluleke ngaphezu kwe-IQ .
Ukulinganisa Ubulumko Bomoya
"Ngokumalunga nokulinganisa ukuqonda kwengqondo-ndiyakholwa kakhulu ukuba i-criterion-report (oko kukuthi, ukuvavanya ubuchule) yindlela eyaneleyo yokuyisebenzisa. Ubulumko bunamandla, kwaye ngokulinganiselwa ngokukhawuleza nje ngokuba abantu baphendule imibuzo kwaye bavavanye ukuchaneka kwezi mpendulo. " -John D. iMeyile
Nazi ezinye zeendlela ezisetyenziselwa ukucacisa ingqondo engqondweni:
- I-Bar-On ye-Emotional Quotient Inventory (i-EQ-i): Uvavanyo lwe-self-report olwenzelwe ukulinganisa ubuchule obubandakanya ukuqonda, ukuzenza izigqibo, ukulawula uxinzelelo, ukuthetha ngokuzenzekelayo, kunye nobudlelwane phakathi kwabantu.
- Uvavanyo lweMeya-Salovey-Caruso Uvavanyo lweengqondo (MSCEIT ) : Uvavanyo oluxhomekeke kumandla olulinganisa amagatsha amane kaMeyili kunye neSalovey ye-EI. Abadlali abavandlakanyo benza imisebenzi eyenzelwe ukuvavanya amandla abo okuqonda, ukuchonga, ukuqonda nokulawula iimvakalelo.
- I-ESCI: Ngokusekelwe kwisixhobo esidala esibizwa ngokuba yi-Self-Assessment Questionnaire, i-ESCI ibandakanya ukuba abantu ababaziyo umntu banikele ukulinganisa kwamakhono aloo mntu kwiinkalo ezahlukeneyo zesimo sengqondo.
Kukho ninzi ininzi yezixhobo ze-intanethi, ezininzi zazo zikhululekile, ukuphanda ulwazi lwakho lwengqondo.
> Imithombo:
> I-Consortium yoPhando ngoBuchule boMoya kwiibutho. Iimpawu Zengqondo Zengqondo.
> IMeya JD, uSalovey P, uCaruso DR. Iimodeli zoBulumko boMoya. Kwi Sternberg RJ ed. Incwadi Yobulumko . I-Cambridge, eNgilani: I-Cambridge University Press; 2000: 396-420.
> Salovey P, Mayer J. Intelligence Intelligence. Ukucinga, ukuCognition kunye noBuntu. 1990; 9 (3): 185-211.