Iipilisi zokuVimbela ukuTyekela kotywala
Abaphuzi abaninzi abaye banxila kunxila kunokuba bazame ukuyeka amava kungekhona nje kuphela ukukhupha iimpawu kodwa baxelele ukuba banqwenela utywala. Olu nqwenela kotywala ngenye yezizathu ukuba uninzi lwabantu abazama ukuyeka ukusela bayahluleka ukwenza okokuqala ngqa bazama.
Iimveliso zoTywala
Okwangoku, amayeza amathathu kuphela avunywe yi-FDA yokunyangwa kotywala, kunye nexesha elibhekiselweyo ekusebenziseni itekisi, kunye nabanye abafundiswayo.
- I-Naltrexone : Ithengiswa njengeRevia kwifomu yepilisi kunye neVivitrol njengenjenge-nyanga yenyanga, isebenza ngokukhusela kwingqondo "phezulu" abantu abava xa betywala utywala. Ngokuthintela umxhasi umnxila ufumana utywala kunye ne-feedback feedback loop ebuchosheni, i-naltrexone igcina ekunciphiseni izifiso.
- I-Campral (i- acamprosate ) yimiyeza kuphela ekhoyo e-US ebiza ukuba ukunciphisa ukufunwa kotywala . Kananjalo kunciphisa ukukhathazeka ngokwenyama kunye nokuphazamiseka kwengqondo abantu bafumana xa beyeka ukusela. Indlela uCraral isebenza ngayo ukunciphisa ukulangazelela utywala akuqondwa ngokupheleleyo, kodwa abaphandi bakholelwa ukuba kunceda ukubuyisela ukungalingani kwemichiza kwinkqubo yomvuzo yengqondo eguqulwa kukusetyenziswa kakubi kotywala. I-Campral ayincedi umntu ukuba ayeke ukusela. Inqunywe (ngokuqhelekileyo iipilisi ezikhutshwa ngexesha eli-3 ngosuku) kwabo baye bayeka ukusela utywala. Ngenxa yokuba iziphumo zecala zinyamekile kwaye zinyamezeleke, ziqhelekelelwe ukuba zifike kwiinyanga ezili-12 emva kokwehla kotywala.
- I-Antabuse (disulfiram) isebenza ngokubangela impatho enzima xa umntu ethatha imithi edla utywala. Esikhundleni sokunciphisa ukulangazelela, kuqinisa ukuguquka kotywala ngenxa yezi ziphumo eziphazamisayo xa uphuza utshwala. Zibandakanya ukucubungula, ukucabisa, ukuhlanza, iintloko, kunye neepilpitations. Kukho ukuphendula okunzima, ngoko kuya kugcinwa ukuba kusetyenziswe izigulane eziphezulu kakhulu, okanye xa uye kwindawo ephezulu yengozi njengendawo apho kuya kubakho utywala.
- I-Topiramate ayisekho i-FDA-avunyelwe ukunyanga utywala. Yimishanguzo ye-antiepileptic ebonise isithembiso kwizilingo ezifana ne-naltrexone. Oogqirha banokumisela ukuba i-label-dependence dependence.
Ezinye izidakamizwa ezifundiswa ukunciphisa izifiso ziquka i-gabapentin, i-baclofen, i-nalmefene, i-serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs) kunye ne-ondansetron.
Ukudibanisa neNyango yokuziphatha kunye neenkqubo ezili-12
Kufuneka kuqatshelwe ukuba amaninzi amaninzi oMnxila angabonakaliyo athi ingxelo yabo yokuxiliswa kotywala ikhutshwe ngamava okomoya okwenziwa kwenkqubo yesibini elinesibini, ngaphandle kweyeza.
Njengoko kuthiwa "Indlela Esebenza ngayo" inxalenye yeNcwadi Enkulu : "... iinjongo zethu zangaphambili ngaphambi nangemva zicaca iingcamango ezintathu ezifanelekileyo: (a) Ukuba sasinxilisayo kwaye asikwazanga ukulawula ubomi bethu. (B) Mhlawumbi akukho mandla omntu onokusikhulula utywala lwethu. (C) Ukuba uThixo unokukwazi nokuba wayeya kufunwa. "
Ukuba ilungu le-AA kunye nokusebenza kwiprogram ye-12 ayithethi ukuba awukwazi kwakhona ukuthatha amayeza ukunceda ukunciphisa izifiso zakho. Ukuhlanganiswa kwamachiza kunye nokuthatha iqela lokuxhasa iqela kuye kwaboniswa ngophando ukuvelisa iziphumo ezingcono .
> Imithombo
- > I-Donovan DM, u-Anton RF, uMiller WR, u-Longabaugh R, Hosking JD, u-Youngblood M. Udibanise ne-Pharmacotherapies kunye noNgeniso loLungiso lokuThengisa utywala (ISIFUNDO SOKUQALA): Ukuhlolwa kweZiphumo zokuPhuzwa kweziTywala. I-Journal of Studies on Alcohol and drugs . 2008; 69 (1): 5-13. i-doi: 10.15288 / jsad.2008.69.5.
- > Jonas DE, Amick HR, uFeltner C, et al. I-Pharmacotherapy kubantu abadala abakwiNdawo yokuTywala kweziTywala kwiZithuba eziPheleleyo. Jama . 2014; 311 (18): 1889. i-doi: 10.1001 / jama.2014.3628.
- > UpToDate. I-Pharmacotherapy yokusetyenziswa kwezidakamizwa zokusetyenziswa kotywala.