UBill W. noDkt Bob Bayabalungu be-AA
Intlanganiso ebonakalayo ingabonakaliyo eAkron, eOhio ngo-1935 phakathi kwabasunguli bexesha elizayo be- Alcoholics Anonymous , bobabini babibizwa ngokuba "abangenathemba", basebenze inkqubo yokubuyisela eye yancedisa izigidi zifumana ukuthobeka nokuthula.
UBill W.
UBill W., umthengisi wempahla evela eNew York, wayengomnye wala madoda. Xa elwa imfazwe yakhe yokusela, wayesele efunde ukuba ukuncedisa abanye abadakayo bekubalulekileyo ekugcineni ubumnene bakhe, umgaqo oza kuba ngumlinganiselo weshumi elinesibini kwiiNqanaba eziLhumi elinambini zoTywala ezingabonakaliyo.
Wayehlambele malunga neenyanga ezintlanu uye waya eAkron, eOhio ngo-Meyi 12, ngo-1935, kwintlanganiso yabanini-nxaxheba kunye nommeli wokulwa, ongazange aphendule.
UBill W. Udibana noDkt. Bob kwiBar
Emva kokulahlekelwa ngumloli wokulwa, uBill wafumana eyedwa kwaye ecinezelekile, ngokweengxelo zeziganeko. Waziva esondela kwi-bar kwi-Hotel yaseMayflower apho wayehlala khona. Ukulwa ngamandla kakhulu ukuba alondoloze ubumnandi bakhe, ukusabela kwakhe kwangoku, "kufuneka ndifumane omnye utywala."
Kukho iinguqulelo eziphikisanayo noko kwenzekayo ngokuzayo, kodwa umphumo uBill W. wagqiba intlanganiso kunye nodokotela ogqirha waseAkron, ngonaphakade ukukhunjulwa nje ngokuthi "uDkt Bob," owayenzima iminyaka engxaki yakhe yokusela.
UDkt. Bob Gets Sober
Impembelelo kwintlanganiso yaba noDkt Bob yayisondele kwaye ngokukhawuleza nayo ibeka ibhotile (ngoJuni 10, 1935), ungayi kuphinda uyikhethe kwakhona. Ububambiswano obubunjwa phakathi kwala madoda mabini buya kuba yintlangano eya kubachaphazela ngokuqinisekileyo ubomi bezigidi.
IyokuQala yokuTywala kwama-100
Ukuqala ekamelweni eliphezulu kwigumbi likaDkt Bob eAkron, loo madoda aqala ukunceda umntu onxilisayo omnye umntu ngexesha. Kwathatha iminyaka emine ukufumana ama-alcoholic yokuqala angama-100 kwiindawo zokuqala ezintathu ezakhiwa e-Akron, eNew York naseCleveland. Kodwa emva kokushicilelwa ngowe-1939 "yeencwadi zokufunda," "i- Alcoholics Inonymous ", kunye nokupapashwa kwinqaku lamanqaku malunga neqela kwiCleveland Plain Dealer , i-AA
phuhliswa ngokukhawuleza kwaye ubulungu kwiqela laseCleveland landa ngokukhawuleza laba ngama-500.
Ubutywala obungabonakaliyo bukhula kuma-6,000
Impendulo yayimangalisa kakhulu, iqela lafumana ukuthumela amalungu, ababenomzuzu omfutshane kwiprogram ngokwayo, ukusebenza namanye amalungu amatsha. Ngethuba lokuqala, abasunguli bafunda ukuba ukukhululeka kuvelise ukufumana kwakhona kwaye akuphelelanga emhlabathini ukuba bona bangazibandakanya.
Emva kwesidlo saseNew York ngo-1940, esinikezwa nguJohn D. Rockefeller, Jr., ukuba ashicilele iqela, ubulungu bakhawuleza banda baba ngu-2,000. Inqaku kwiMigqibelo kaMgqibelo ngo-1941 yabangela ukuba elinye ixesha lokukhula kunye nobulungu eMelika naseKhanada benyuke kwii-6,000 ezichaziweyo.
Ifa leAA
Ngo-1951, i-Alcoholics Anonymous yayincede abantu abangaphezu kwe-100,000 bahlawule ekudakwa kotywala, kwaye ngowe-1973, iikopi ezingaphezu kwesigidi se- Big Book zazisasazwa. Ngo-2000, inani leekopi ezithengisiwe lifikile kwizigidi ezingama-20 kwaye ngo-2010 iikopi ezingaphezu kwezigidi ezingama-27 zathengiwe.
Ukususela ngeli xesha, ubudlelwane buye lwaqhubeka lukhula kwaye luye lwaba ngamazwe. Inombolo yeziTywala ezingabonakaliyo zingafumaneka kumaphepha amhlophe malunga nesekhompyutheni yefowuni yendawo. Ngoku inkulungwane ye-21, amalungu angakwazi ukuya kwiintlanganiso zekhompyutheni kunoma iyiphi ikhomputer, ifowuni okanye isiselula.
UDkt. Bob wafa ngoNovemba 16, 1950, kwaye uBill W. wadlulisa ngoJan 24, 1971, kodwa ilifa abalishiya ngasemva liqhubeka lichaphazela ubomi bezigidi.