Iimpawu zokuphazamiseka kwamanxeba, iimpawu zokuhlaselwa kwePaic, kunye neAgoraphobia
Inkxalabo yeengxaki - Inkcazo
Ukuphazamiseka kwamanxeba uhlobo loxinzelelo lwengxakeko olubonakalisa ukwesaba nokukhathazeka. Esinye sezibonakaliso ezinamandla kakhulu ngamava okuqhubekayo kwaye ngokuphindaphindiweyo ukuhlaselwa kwesoyiko . Ukuhlaselwa kweengxabano kuqhutywe ngamava ngokubambisana kwemizwa evekisayo kunye neengcamango eziphazamisayo.
Ezi zihlaselo zizisa ukukhathazeka okukhulu kunye nokukhathazeka, nangona kungabikho usongelo okanye ingozi.
Ukuphazamiseka kwamanxeba kufunyaniswa ukuba kwenzeke kunye okanye ngaphandle kwe-agoraphobia. I-Agoraphobia iquka ukwesaba kokunye kokuhlaselwa okukhulu kwesimo kwindawo okanye imeko apho kunokuba nzima okanye kuhlazeke ukubaleka. Amaxesha amaninzi, ukwesaba okuhambisana ne-agoraphobia kunokukhokelela ekuziphatheni ezininzi zokuphepha . Ngokunciphisa amandla omntu ukuba abe kwiimeko ezithile, abantu abane-agoraphobia bahlala bevalelwa yedwa kunye nomgangatho wobomi obuncitshisiweyo.
Ngezantsi siza kuxubusha ukuhlaselwa kwesoyiko eyona nto iphambili yentsholongwane yesifo. Ukuphazamiseka kwentlungu kungenzeka kunye okanye ngaphandle kwe-agoraphobia, kwaye iimpawu ze-agoraphobia ziya kuxoxwa ngazo. Siza kuthetha ngezinye zonyango ngenxa yengxaki yokuphazamiseka, kunye nokubaluleka kokufumana uncedo xa unobandezelekayo.
Iinjongo zokuhlaselwa
Inkcazo yokuHlola kunye neSatisatisti yeengxaki zeMpilo yengqondo yincwadi esetyenziswe ngcali zezempilo yengqondo malunga neenjongo zokuxilonga. Iingcali eziphatha ukuphazamiseka kwengqondo zisebenzisa i-criteria echazwe kwi-DSM-5 ukucacisa ukuba umntu uyaxilongwa njani. Inkqubo yokuxilonga yokuhlaselwa kwesoyiki ichazwe kwincwadi.
Ukuhlaselwa kweentlanzi , njengenxalenye yesifo sokuphazamiseka, zibandakanya ezine okanye ngaphezulu kwezi zimpawu ezilandelayo:
- Iintliziyo zentliziyo okanye i-heart rate rate (pulse)
- Ukujuluka okukhulu
- Ukuthuthumela okanye ukuthuthumela
- Ukuqhawukelwa ngumphefumlo
- Uvakalelwa ukukhahlela
- Iintlungu zesifuba
- Intlungu okanye ubuhlungu besisu
- Ukuziva uhlaziyiweyo, ukungaqiniseki, ukukhawuleza, okanye ukuphelelwa amandla
- Ukuqhubezela okanye ukuxhomekeka
- Uloyiko lokulahlekelwa ukulawulwa okanye ukuphosa
- Ukoyika ukufa
- Iimvakalelo zokungqineki okanye ukuva
- Ama-chill okanye ukutshisa okutshisa
Iimpawu zokuhlaselwa kwesoyiko zivela ngokukhawuleza kwaye ziphakame kwiimviwo ezili-10 zokuqala ngaphambi kokunciphisa kancane kancane. Nangona kunjalo, ezi zimpawu zinako ukuhlala ixesha elide. Ukongezelela, ukuhlaselwa kweentlanzi ezininzi kunokuvela emva komnye, okwenze kube nzima ukuqonda ngokucacileyo xa kuhlaselwa omnye kwaye enye iqalile.
Inyaniso yokuba ezininzi zezi zibonakaliso zenzeke ngokukhawuleza ayithethi ukuba azizange zilindeleke. Kukho iintlobo ezimbini ezichazwe ngokwahlukileyo zeentlanzi ngokuxhomekeka kwesi sizathu:
- Uhlaselo olungalindelekanga olwenziwe ngaphandle kwesohlwayo esicacileyo okanye isizathu. Bangakwazi ukuza kubonakala sengathi "baphuma ngaphandle kwemisonto eluhlaza" nangona ukhululekile kwaye uphumla.
- Ukulindeleka kwe-panic kuhlasela yiyo eyenzekayo xa uvezwe kwenye yezinto ezibangelwayo. Ngokomzekelo, ukuba ukwesaba ukuhamba ngeenqwelo ezindizayo unokuba ne-panic attack when you board a plane. Ukulindela ukuhlaselwa kwe-panic kwakhona kuphinde kwaphulwa zibe ngamaqanaba amabini: ukuboshwa kwimeko (kubhokhwe) apho umntu ulindele ukuvezwa kwintambo ethile (njengomzekelo wethu ophaphazayo), okanye ukuxhatshazwa kweemeko, apho ukuhlaselwa kwesohlwayo kungekhona rhoqo xa imeko eyoyikayo.
Agoraphobia
Phantse umntu wesithathu wabantu abanesifo sokuphazamiseka, baya kuhlakulela i- agoraphobia . Abantu abane-agoraphobia bayesaba ukuba baya kuba neempawu ezixhalabileyo okanye ukuhlaselwa ngokuphazamiseka ngokupheleleyo kwindawo apho kuya kuba nzima okanye kuhlazise ukuba babalekele. Le meko ingakhokelela ekuziphatheni kokuphepha , apho bazama ukuhlala kude kuzo zonke iimeko okanye iimeko apho bahlaselwa khona.
Izenzo zokuphepha ezibandakanyeka ne-agoraphobia zinokuthintela ubomi bomntu. Abantu abanama-agoraphobia bahlala behlakulela amaqela eemeko eziloyiko ezihlobene.
Ngokomzekelo, abantu abaninzi abane-agoraphobia baxakeke kakhulu kwaye bangakhululeki kwimimandla apho kukho abantu abaninzi kwindawo efihliweyo. Olu loyiko lunokubangela ukuba banqande ukuma emgceni esitolo, ukuya kwindawo yokuzonwabisa ye-movie okanye ukuhamba ngeenqwelo. Ezinye iziganeko eziqhelekileyo zokuba abantu abane-agoraphobia ziquka iindlela zokuhamba, zodwa, kunye nezikhala ezivulekileyo. Ezi nkxalabo zingabangela ukungakwazi ukushiya amakhaya abo .
Ngelixa abantu abaninzi abane-agoraphobia banokujamelana neemeko zabo eziloyiko, kubandakanya ukuxinezeleka nokuxhalabisa. Iimpawu ze-agoraphobia zihlala zikhawulelana nomsebenzi womntu wonk 'imihla kwaye zikhawuleze apho zingasebenza khona, zithengise okanye zihambe.
Izinketho zokwelapha kwiNgxaki yokuPhupha
Ukuphazamiseka kwamanxeba ngumqathango obangela ezininzi iimpawu eziphazamisayo ezingqondweni, ngokomzimba nangokomzwelo. Nangona ziimpawu eziqinileyo, ukuphazamiseka kwesifo, ukuhlaselwa kweentlanzi kunye ne-agoraphobia zonke ziimeko eziphathekayo. Ngenxa yokuba i-agoraphobia ikhula ngokubanzi ngonyaka wokuqala umntu uqala ukuhlaselwa ngokukrakra, kubalulekile ukufuna uncedo ekuqaleni. Nangona kunjalo, unyango lunokuphucula ukuphuculwa okuninzi, kwanabo abaneempawu zexesha elide.
Kukho iindlela ezinonophelo zokonyango olusebenzayo kwintlungu yesifo . Ezi ziquka:
- Iimpawu zokuphazamiseka kwengxaki ziyakunceda ekunciphiseni ubunzima beentlanzi kunye nokunciphisa iimvakalelo.
- I-Psychotherapy inokukunceda ekuphuhliseni iindlela ezintsha zokucinga nokuziphatha ezinokusinceda umntu ajamelane neempawu zakhe
- Izindlela zokuphumula ezifana nokuzifumla okuchukumisayo , ukuphucula imisipha , i-yoga, nokubonakaliswa , okuza kunika izicwangciso zokunqoba ukuhlaselwa kwexhala kunye nokunceda ngokuxhalabisa.
- Ukuzinyamekela kakuhle - Ukunyamekela nje ngokuzivocavoca , ukutya kakuhle, nokulawula imilinganiselo yakho yokulala kungaphatha ixesha elide ekukuncedeni ukujamelana neengxaki zokuphazamiseka.
Ngaphantsi kweNgcaciso yeNkathazo
Ukuphazamiseka kwamanxeba kunokuchaphazela kakhulu umgangatho wobomi bomntu, kunciphisa ubomi bakho, kwaye kukubangela ukuba uphelelwe izinto ezininzi, kuquka nantoni na ngaphandle komnyango wakho. Oko kwathiwa, kukho ezininzi iindlela zokwelapha ezichanekileyo kunye nezicwangciso ezinokunceda abantu banqobe ukuhlasela. Unokufunda ukulawula iimpawu zesifo sokuphazamiseka kwaye uphinde ulawule ubomi bakho!
Imithombo:
Inoue, K., Kaiya, H., Hara, N., no-Y. Okazaki. Ingxoxo ngeeNkalo ezahlukeneyo zoMngcipheko weNkathazo ngokuxhomekeka kobukho beAgoraphobia. Psychiatry epheleleyo . 2016. 69: 132-5.
Pompoli, A., Furukawa, T., Imai, H., Tajika, A., Efthimou, O., noG. Salanti. Iingqondo zengqondo ye-Panic Disorder okanye okanye ngaphandle kwe-Agoraphobia kubantu abadala: I-Network Meta-Analysis. I-Cochrane Database yeeNkqubo eziPhezulu . 2016. 4: CD011004.