Okungekhona nje Ukudandatheka Kwamadoda
Ukuphela kweentsuku apho igama elithi "ukudakumba komntu" lingasetyenziselwa nayiphi na inani leengxaki ezifanayo kunye nezidlulileyo. Namhlanje, sijonge iimpawu kunye neenkcukacha zezifo nezigulane ezibandakanya izidumbu zokuphazamiseka kwe-bipolar.
Ezi ziquka iintlobo ezintathu eziphambili zesifo se-bipolar kunye neemeko ezininzi kwiinkcukacha ezincedisayo iinkcukacha ngokubaluleka kunye nokunyangwa kwesi sifo.
Nangona iprogram yokuhamba ngebhayisikili ingahluka, njengoko zinokuthi iimpawu ezibonakaliswe ngumntu, inkcazo nganye iya kunika oogqirha imigaqo ecacileyo xa befumana ukuxilongwa kwe-bipolar.
Iifomu zeBipolar Disorder
Iziphazamiso ze-bipolar zihlulwa ngokubanzi ngokukhawuleza kunye nokuvela kwesiganeko somntu kunye / okanye isidima. Kwiimeko ezininzi, ukuxilongwa kungadinga ukuba ugqirha angabandakanyi zonke ezinye izizathu ezibangelwa zizibonakaliso, kubandakanya i-schizophrenia, ukusetyenziswa kweziyobisi okanye isifo segazi. Iintlobo ezintathu eziphambili zeengxaki ze-bipolar zi:
- I-Bipolar I-disorder yiyona ndlela ifome kakhulu yesifo. Ilandisa inani elikhulu lokukhubazeka e-US kwaye okwangoku yimbangela yesithandathu yokukhubaza emhlabeni jikelele. I-Bipolar I ibonakaliswe yenzeke ubuncinane isiqhelo somntu, ngokuqhelekileyo ngokubambisana nesinye seziqephu zokudandatheka. Esinye isiqhelo se-mania ngaphandle kokudakumba kunokunokwenza ukuxilongwa ngokukhawuleza ukuba akukho zizathu ezibangela iimpawu. I-Psychosis , ichazwa njengekhefu elivela eqinisweni, ngamanye amaxesha lingafumaneka kubantu abathile.
- Ingxaki ye-Bipolar II ithathwa njengento enzima kakhulu kwi-disorder kodwa ayithatyathwa ngokungathandabuzekiyo. I-Bipolar II ibonakalisa ubuncinane ubuncinane kunye nesiganeko esisodwa se-hypomania (uhlobo olubi kakhulu lwe-mania). Ukuhlangabezana neendlela zokuxilonga, isiqephu se-hypomanic siza kufuneka sigcine ubuncinane iintsuku ezine. Ngokungafani ne-bipolar I, ingxaki ye-bipolar II ayidibene neengqondo.
- I-Cyclothymic disorder , eyaziwayo nge-cyclothymia, icinga uhlobo oluthile lwesifo kodwa lunokuba nefuthe elibi kulabo bafumanayo. Abantu abane-cyclothymia baya kuba neengxaki ezifanayo ze-hypomanic episodes njengabo abane-disorder bipolar II, kodwa ukuxinezeleka kuya kuba nzima ngokwaneleyo ukudala isiqhelo esicinezelayo.
Kukho imeko eyaziwa ngokuthi yi- bipolar disorder ngaphandle kokuchazwa ngenye indlela (i-NOS) engasifaka ukuba umntu usendleleni eya kwi-bipolar disorder. Kuqhelekileyo kusetyenziswa xa umntu efumana ukuhamba ngokukhawuleza kokudakumba kunye ne-hypomania, rhoqo kwiintsuku zomnye.
Iimpawu zee-Episodes ze-Bipolar Disorders
Iimpawu ezintathu zokuchazwa kwe-bipolar ziyi-mania, i-hypomania, kunye nokuxinezeleka. Amaxesha ala majelo achazwa njengeziqendu. Iipasisiti ezixubileyo zizo zibonakaliso zeemania kunye nokudandatheka, zivame ukuphikisana.
- I-Mania yimeko enzulu apho umoya ungasentla. Kwezinye iimeko, umntu unokubonakala efumana ubunzima bokuvelisa nokupha. Kwabanye, uvakalelo lubonakaliswa yintlawulelo, ukuthatha ingozi, ukuziphatha okuphazamisayo, kunye neengqungquthela zengqondo yengqondo. Urhulumente ophakamileyo unokuhamba kunye nentetho ekhawulezayo, iindiza zeengcamango, kunye nexesha lokulala okuncane.
- I-Hypomania , ngelixa ingenamandla njengemania, inokuhlala iphazamisekile. I-Hypomania iyahluke kwi-mania ngokubhekiselele kumntu ongenakho ukukhubazeka okanye ukusebenza kwengqondo. Umntu osesigxina se-hypomanic uya kuba nesidingo esinciphile sokulala, abe ngumntu ophumayo kwaye okhutheleyo, uya kudla ngokuthetha, kwaye unokukwazi ukucaphukisa okanye ukunyanzelisa.
- Ukudakumba okukhulu kwimiba ye-bipolar akufani nakweyiphi na isiqhelo esicinezelekileyo. Iimpawu ziba nzima kwaye zizakuhlala ubuncinane ubuncinane kwiiveki ezimbini. Ukuxinezeleka kubonakaliswa ukuzithoba, ukulahlekelwa ngumdla kwimisebenzi eyenziwa ngokuqhelekileyo, amandla aphantsi, kunye nentlungu yomsindo ngaphandle kwesizathu esicacileyo. I-Psychosis, kuquka ukukhohlisa kunye neengcamango, zinokuthi zifumaneke njengokuba kunokucinga ukuzibulala (ukuzibulala).
- Iziganeko ezixubileyo, ezaziwa ngokuba yi-state mix affective, ingaba ngowona manic / hypomanic okanye zixinezeleke kakhulu, kodwa kwimeko nganye zibandakanya iimpawu zesimo esifanayo. Umntu unokuthi, umzekelo, ukhathazeka ngokuxhalabisa kunokuba kugqithiswe ngcamango ebumnyama, engabonakaliyo. Kwiphepha le-flip, umntu unokufumana zonke iimpawu zokudakumba kodwa ubonise ukuxhatshazwa koxhatshazo oluchaphazelekayo kunye ne-mania.
> Umthombo:
> I-American Psychiatric Association. (2013) I- Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Disabilities (I-5 Edition). Arlington, VA: Ukushicilela i-Psychiatric yaseMerika; INGXELO: 10.1176 / appi.books.9780890425596.744053.