Ukuchaza nokuqonda iMpawu zeAgoraphobia
Ziziphi iimpawu kunye neempawu ze-agoraphobia? I-Agoraphobia ivame ukungaqondi kakuhle ngokuba yinkalo apho abantu bayesaba ukushiya indlu yabo. Makhe sijonge ukuba i-agoraphobia yintoni, kwaye usebenzisa le nkcazo echanekileyo, iimpawu ezithile ezibonisa ukuba umntu unakho u-agoraphobia.
I-Agoraphobia yiFobia
Kungathi kunzima ukuthetha ukuba i-agoraphobia i-phobia, kodwa ukuqonda i-agoraphobia njengolu hlobo oluthile lwe-phobia, yenza kube lula ukuqonda iimpawu.
I-Agoraphobia ivame ukuqondwa nje ngokuba yinto yokwesaba ukushiya ekhaya, nangona kunjalo, oku akunjalo ngokuchanekileyo. U-Agoraphobia yi-phobia yokuba yimeko apho ukuphunyuka kunokuba nzima okanye akunakwenzeka, okanye uncedo aluyi kubakho xa kuhlaselwa ingxolo.
Yintoni iPhobia?
Uloyiko luloyiko olungenangqiqo nolungenangqiqweni yento okanye imeko engabonakali yingozi kodwa ingabangela uxhalaba nokuphepha. Ngokungafani nokuxhalaba okufutshane abantu abaninzi abavakalelwa xa bethetha okanye bavavanye, i-phobia ihlala ihlala ixesha elide, ibangela ukuphendula okubonakalayo ngokomzimba nangokwengqondo, kwaye inokuchaphazela ukukwazi kwakho ukusebenza ngokuqhelekileyo emsebenzini okanye kwiindawo zentlalo.
Akuzona zonke iziphobiya zidinga unyango. Kodwa ukuba i-phobia ichaphazela ubomi bakho bemihla ngemihla, kukho iindlela ezininzi zokwelapha ezinokukunceda unqobe ukwesaba-rhoqo ngokusisigxina.
I-Phobias ikwahlula kwiindidi ezintathu eziphambili:
- Ezi phobias. I- phobia ethile ibandakanya ukwesaba okungenangqiqo, okuqhubekayo kwinto ethile okanye imeko engaphandle kwengozi. Oku kuquka ukwesaba iimeko (ezifana neendiza okanye iindawo ezifakwe); uhlobo (njengezindudumo okanye iinduli); izilwanyana okanye inambuzane (njengezinja okanye izigulane); igazi, ukujova okanye ukulimala (njengeemigu okanye iinkqubo zonyango); okanye ezinye i-phobias (njengemisindo enkulu okanye i-clowns). Kukho ezinye ezininzi iintlobo zeepbibias ezithile. Akuqhelekanga ukufumana ama-phobias malunga nento enye okanye imeko.
- I-Social phobia. Ngaphandle nje kwintloni, intlalo yoluntu iquka ukudibanisa nokuzimela ngokugqithiseleyo kunye nokwesaba ukuhlolisiswa koluntu okanye ukuthotywa kweemeko zentlalo. Kwiimeko zentlalontle, umntu omoyikayo uyanqatshwa okanye ahlolwe kakubi okanye ukwesaba abanye.
- Ukwesaba kweendawo ezivulekileyo (agoraphobia). U-Agoraphobia ukwesaba imeko ekhoyo okanye ekulindelwe, njengokusebenzisa izithuthi zikawonkewonke, evulekileyo okanye efihliweyo, emele emgceni okanye ephakathi kwesihlwele, okanye ngaphandle kwekhaya yodwa. Ukuxhalabangela kubangelwa ukwesaba ukuba akukho ndlela elula yokusinda okanye ukunceda ukuba ukuxhalaba okukhulu kuqhubeka. Uninzi lwabantu abane-agoraphobia luyakha emva kokuhlaselwa kwesinye okanye ngaphezulu, kubangele ukuba babesabe omnye uhlaselo kwaye baphephe indawo apho kwenzeka khona. Kwabanye abantu, i-agoraphobia inokuba yomelele kangangokuthi abayikwazi ukuhamba ekhaya.
I-Agoraphobia yinto ebalulekileyo yoyiko lokuhlaselwa kweentlanzi
U-Agoraphobia udla ngokuqhubekayo, kwaye ekugqibeleni unokukhokelela ekubeni ashiye indlu. Nangona kunjalo, ukuhlaselwa kwesoyiko, kunokuba sisenzo esidlangalaleni, yimbangela yokwesaba.
Iimpawu ezicacileyo kunye neempawu zeAgoraphobia
Iimpawu neempawu ze-agoraphobia zingaquka:
- Iimvakalelo ezixhalabileyo: I- Agoraphobia ingaba ngumjikelo wokuziphendulela. Umntu ogulayo uyaxhalabisayo malunga nokuhlaselwa kwesoyiko, okubangelwa kukuhlaselwa yintlanzi. Ngexesha, iimeko ezithile ezinokubangela ukwethuka, ukukhokelela ekukhathazeni ngakumbi, kunye nokuqhubekeka.
- Ukuziphatha okugwemayo : Ukunciphisa imisebenzi yobomi ngenzame yokuphepha iimeko apho uncedo lwe-panic attack mayingatholakali libhekiswa njengendlela yokuziphepha . Okokuqala kunokubakho ukwesaba ukuhlaselwa kwesoyiko kwisimo esithile kunokunyanzelisa ngokukhawuleza, ukuhlukanisa umntu ngokwahlukileyo.
- Ukuqokelela: Iimeko ezikhuselekile zihlala zikhona. Iziqendu eziqhelekileyo ziquka ukuthutha kawonkewonke; ukuthenga; ukuqhuba; kwaye ushiye ekhaya. Ngethuba kusenjenjalo kwiimeko, iimpawu zingahle ziqokelele esinye sezi "ziindawo ezivulekileyo," kunye nexesha, ukuxhalabisa kwabanye kubonakala kukhula. Ngokomzekelo, ekuqaleni umntu unokuziva nje ukwesaba okuhambelana nokuhamba kweebhasi. Imingcele ebangelwa nguloyiko inokunciphisa abantu amandla okuhamba, ukufikelela emsebenzini, nokunye. Ekuhambeni kwexesha, oku kunokukhokelela ekubeni ukwesaba ukushiya ikhaya ngokupheleleyo.
Imiqondiso yempawu kunye neempawu ezibonakalayo xa umntu ejongelwa umngeni kunye nokuba kwindawo efihliweyo, indawo engenazo iindlela zokuphepha, ukushiya ekhaya yedwa, okanye ukusebenzisa izithuthi zomphakathi kwaye zibandakanya:
- Ukukhupha okungaphezulu
- Ukuphefumula okunzima
- Ixabiso lentliziyo elikhawulezayo
- Ukutshatyalaliswa okanye ukunyaniseka
- Ubungqina okanye ukubetha kwezandla kunye neenyawo
- Ukunyanzelisa
- Ivakalelo lokulahleka kolawulo
Uphuhliso lweAgoraphobia
I-Agoraphobia ihlala ivela kwingxaki yokungaphazamiseki, kwaye kuqikelelwa ukuba phakathi kwesithathu nesigxina sabantu abaneengxaki zokuphazamiseka kuqhubeka nokuhlakulela i-agoraphobia.
Nangona kunjalo, ama-agoraphobia ngamanye amaxesha akhula engaphambili kwimbali yokuphazamiseka kwesifo.
Kule meko, ukwesaba ukunamathela kwiimeko ezithile akubanga ukuhlaselwa ngokukrakra kweengxaki. Kunoko, iimpawu zingaphaya kwendalo, njengentloko okanye isifo sohudo.
Ingcali yezempilo yengqondo inokumisela ukuba iimpawu zakho ziyi-agoraphobia okanye enye ingxaki.
Izinketho zokwelapha kwiAgoraphobia
Uncedo lobugcisa luhlala lusinconywa ukuba lulawulwe iimpawu ze-agoraphobia. I-Psychotherapy, iiprapies ezichanekileyo ezifana nokuchithwa kwe-systemic unensitization zingasebenza kakhulu ekunciphiseni iimpawu. Kukho izinto abantu abanokuzenza ngokwabo ukunceda ukulawula iimpawu zabo ze-agoraphobia, ukusuka ekusebenziseni iindlela zokuphumula , ukufumana inkxaso yentlalo.
Ngaphantsi kwiimpawu zeAgoraphobia
Kungaba lula ukuqonda iimpawu ze-agoraphobia xa uqaphela ukuba ukwesaba okuyinhloko kukuhlaselwa kwe-panic, kunokuba imeko ethile. Ngako oko, nantoni na eyenza ukuphazamisa ukuhlaselwa kwesoyiki, njengokuba uzifumanisa kwindawo apho ubalekele khona kunzima, kunokukhokelela kwimpawu.
Uloyiko lokuhlaselwa kwesoyiko luya kumisela umntu ngokwenza kube nzima ukuya emsebenzini, ukuya esitolo, ukuhamba okanye ukushiya ikhaya.
Ngaphandle kwonyango, i-agoraphobia inokukhokelela ekubeni kunokuba yedwa kunye nokodwa, kodwa unyango olululo lukhoyo.
> Imithombo:
> I-American Psychiatric Association. I-Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Disorders mentals (5-Ed.). EWashington, DC. 2013. Phrinta.
> Imai, H., Tajika, A., Chen, P., Pompoli, A., kunye noT. Furukawa. Iingcali zengqondo malunga ne-Pharmacological Interventions for Panic Disorder with or without Agoraphobia kuBantu abadala. I-Cochrane Database yeeNkqubo eziPhezulu . 2016. 10: CD011170.
> Inoue, K., Kaiya, H., Hara, N., noY. Okazaki. Ingxoxo ngeendidi ezahlukahlukeneyo zoxinzelelo lwentlungu ngokuxhomekeke ekubeni khona okanye ukungabikho kwe-Agoraphobia. Psychiatry epheleleyo . 2016. 69: 132-5.