Igama elithi "ukuhlaselwa ngokwesondo" libhekiselele kwizinto ezininzi zokuziphatha ezibandakanya ukudibanisa okungafunekiyo ngokwesondo, njengokuxhatshazwa ngokwesini okanye ukudlwengulwa. Ukuhlaselwa ngokwesondo kuqheleke kakhulu . Ngokomzekelo, ukuhlolisiswa okukhulu kwabantu baseUnited States bafumene ukuba aba-13% ukuya ku-34% yabasetyhini baya kuhlaselwa ngokwesini kwimeko ethile ebomini babo, kwaye i-14.5% ukuya kwi-31% yabantu bayasinda ubuncinci omnye okanye bazaliswa dlwengulo.
Abasindileyo bokuhlaselwa ngokwesondo kubantwana banakho amathuba okwanda okuhlaselwa kwakhona xa bekhulile.
Amava ovavanyo okanye ukudlwengulwa okugqityiweyo unokuba nomthelela omkhulu kumntu wobomi. Ukuba ubudlwenguliwe, kubalulekile ukuba ugcine ingqalelo kuzo zonke iinguqulelo ezilandelayo kwiingcamango okanye ukuziphatha kwakho, njengoko zinokuphazamisa kakhulu amandla akho okusebenza ngempumelelo kwiindawo ezahlukeneyo zobomi bakho.
Iinguqu zengqondo emva kokudlwengula
Njengoko kulindeleke, umntu odlwenguliweyo uya kuba namazinga aphezulu okubandezeleka emva koko. Ngokomzekelo, udlwengulo lunokuzisela iintlungu ezinzulu, inecala, uxhalabe, ukwesaba, umsindo kunye nentlungu. Kukho uhlazo olunxulumene nodlwengulo olunokuthi lukhulise imvakalelo yehlazo. Ezi mvakalelo zinganciphisa ixesha elithile kubantu abathile; Nangona kunjalo, abanye baya kuqhubeka befumana uhlobo oluthile lokuxinzezeleka kwengqondo kwiinyanga okanye iminyaka.
Ukongezelela, umntu osindayo ongadlwengulwa unokuhlakulela iimpawu zengxaki yokuxinzelela emva kokudandatheka (okanye i-PTSD) . Ngokomzekelo, iingcinga zobomi okanye iingcamango ezingenakwenzeka kunye nezikhumbuzo zingenzeka. Bangavakalelwa ngathi basoloko besengozini okanye kufuneka bahlale beqaphele, kwaye bangabethembi abanye abantu.
I-PTSD ayiyona yodwa ingxaki yempilo yengqondo engaphuhliswa emva kokudlwengulwa.
Kuye kwafunyaniswa ukuba abantu abasinde ngokudlwengulwa basengozini enkulu yokuphuhliswa kwezidakamizwa zokusetyenziswa kweziyobisi , ukudakumba okukhulu , ukukhathazeka ngokubanzi, ukuphazamiseka okugqithisileyo kunye nokukhathazeka kokutya . Umngcipheko wale ngxaki unokuba lukhulu kubantu abaye bafumana ukuhlaselwa ngokwesini xa beselula.
Iingxaki zeMpilo zoMzimba emva kokudlwengula
Ukudlwengulwa kungazisa kwiimeko ezininzi ezingapheliyo. Ngokomzekelo, abafazi abadlwenguliweyo bafunyanwe ukuba banakho ukufumana ubuhlungu obungapheliyo be-pelvic, i-arthritis, iingxaki zokugaya ukutya, iintlungu ezingapheliyo, ukuxhatshazwa, kunye neempawu ezinzulu zokuqala. Oku akumangalisi xa kunikezelwa ukuba iziganeko ezibuhlungu ngokubanzi (kunye nokuphuhliswa kwe-PTSD ) zidibene nokuphuhliswa kweengxaki zempilo . Kwakhona kunokwenzeka ukuba umntu athathe isifo ngesifo sokudluliselwa ngesondo ngexesha lokuzama okanye ukudlwengulwa okugqityiweyo, okukhokelela kwezinye iingxaki zempilo.
Akumangalisi ukuba udlwengulo lungakhokelela kwiingxaki zempilo yokuzala. Umsindisi odlwengulwayo unokufumana isisu esifanelekileyo sesini kunye nokunciphisa ukuziphatha ngokwesondo. Ukuba imisebenzi yezocansi ixhomekeke kuyo, ayinakufumana ukwaneliseka okuninzi okanye ukuzonwabisa kwizo zinto, kwaye unokufumana intlungu, ukwesaba okanye ukuxhalabisa.
Ihlazo kunye netyala elibangelwa ukudlwengulwa lunokuphazamisa umnqweno kunye nokwaneliseka ngokwesini. Abasindileyo bokuhlaselwa ngokwesondo ngabantwana basenokuba neengxaki zesondo ezibi kakhulu. Ukungena ngexesha lokuhlaselwa ngokwesondo kuya kwandisa ingozi yeengxaki zesondo.
Izithintelo ezingenampilo Emva kokudlwengula
Abasindayo basoloko bebandakanya ukuziphatha kakubi kwezesondo ezifana nokungasebenzisi ukhuseleko okanye ukuba nenani elikhulu lamalingani ezocansi. Ukongeza, kwizame zokujamelana neemvakalelo ezingathandekiyo ezibangelwa ukudlwengulwa, abantu abaninzi baya kuhlakulela iingxaki zokusetyenziswa kweziyobisi okanye ezinye iziphathamandla ezingahambi kakuhle (ezifana nokulimala ).
Baya kuba nobude obude ukukhusela iimeko ezivakalelwa ukuba zingengozini, kwaye banokudumala kwiimiboniso zethelevishini, amanqaku epapasho, okanye iingxoxo ezixoxa ngokuhlaselwa ngokwesondo.
Ukunyanga Iingxaki Zengqondo Nezenzo Emva kokudlwengula
Kwabaninzi abasinde ekudlwenguleni, le mpawu iya kuphelisa ixesha. Nangona kunjalo, kwezinye iimeko, ezi zimpawu zingase zihlale ziba zibi. Ngethamsanqa, kukho unyango olufumanekayo oluye lwafunyanwa luphumelele kakhulu ekunciphiseni inani leempawu ezingekhoyo ezinokukhula emva kokudlwengulwa. Ezi zimbini zonyango ziyeza unyango olusondeleyo kunye neyeza lokucutshungulwa kwengqondo. Unokufumana umgqirha kwindawo yakho enika ezi zonyango. Ukongezelela, inkxaso yentlalo kunye nokufunda indlela yokulawula iimvakalelo ngendlela ephilileyo kunokunceda kakhulu.
Ekugqibeleni, kukho inamba yezixhobo ezincedisayo kwiwebhu kubadlwengulo. Iiwebhsayithi ezinjalo ziRape, Abuse, kunye neNgcaciso yeNethiwekhi kaZwelonke kunye neZiko loLwazi loLwaphulo lwezesondo.
Imithombo:
Brown, AL, Testa, M., & Messman-Moore, TL (2009). Iziphumo zengqondo zenzelwa ukuxhatshazwa ngokwesondo ngenxa yokunyanzelisa amandla, ukungakwazi ukunyanzelisa, okanye ukunyanzeliswa ngomlomo. Ubundlobongela obujongene nabasetyhini, 15 , 898-919.
Faravelli, C., Giugni, A., Salvatori, S., noRicca, V. (2004). I-Psychopathology emva kokudlwengulwa. I-American Journal ye-Psychiatry, 161 , 1483-1485.
Koss, MP, Heise, L., & Russo, NF (1994). Umthwalo wempilo wehlabathi jikelele wokudlwengulwa. I-Psychology yabaseTyhini ngekota, 18 , 509-537.
Sarkar, NN, & Sarkar, R. (2005). Ukuhlaselwa ngokwesondo kwabafazi: Impembelelo yayo ebomini bakhe kunye nokuhlala kuluntu. Ulwaphulo lwezesondo kunye noBudlelwane, 20 , 407-418.