Nangona abantu abadala besoloko bethetha izinto ezinje, "Wayemncinci gqitha xa oko kwenzeka. Akayi kukukhumbuza njengomntu omdala, "ukukhathazeka kwabantwana kunomphumo wokuphila. Kwaye nangona abantwana bephephile, abazenziwe ngamatye.
Oko akutsho ukuthi umntwana wakho uya kuba yintlungu ebomini xa ehlala ehlelwe yinto ekhohlakeleyo. Ngokungenelela okufanelekileyo, abantu abadala banokukunceda abantwana bazuze kumava amanxeba ngakumbi.
Kodwa kubalulekile ukuqaphela xa umntwana wakho enokudinga uncedo lobugcisa olujongene noxinzelelo. Ukungenelela kwangethuba kunokuthintela umntwana wakho ukuba angabikho kwimiphumo eqhubekayo yentlekele njengomntu omdala.
Ziziphi iiNkonkcaso zokuThuthukiswa kwabantwana?
Kukho amava amaninzi ahlukeneyo angabangela ingozi. Ukuxhatshazwa ngokwenyama okanye ngokwesondo , umzekelo, kunokubangela ukukhathazeka ngokucacileyo kubantwana.
Iziganeko zexesha elilodwa, njengengozi yemoto okanye inhlekelele engokwemvelo (njengesiqhwithi, umzekelo), inokuthatha i-toll yengqondo kubantwana ngokunjalo.
Uxinzelelo oluqhubekayo, olunjengokuhlala kwindawo eyingozi okanye ukuba yixhoba lokuxhatshazwa, lunokubandezeleka, nokuba ngaba uvakalelwa kukuba ubomi bemihla ngemihla kumntu omdala. Enyanisweni, phantse nayiphi na isiganeko sinokuqwalaselwa ngengozi kumntwana ukuba:
- Kwenzeke ngokungalindelekanga
- Kwenzeka ngokuphindaphindiweyo
- Omnye wayekhohlakele ngenkohlakalo
- Umntwana wayengakulungeleli
Ingxaki yomntwana nayo akufuneki ukuba yenzeke ngqo kumntwana; Ngokomzekelo, ukubukela umntu obathandayo uyabandezeleka kakhulu.
Ukubonakaliswa kwimidiya enobudlova kungaphinde kubandezele abantwana.
Nangona kunjalo, ukuba amava akhathazayo, kunjalo, ayenzi nto. Umtshato womtshato, umzekelo, uya kuba nomthelela kumntwana kodwa akuyonto enzima.
Kwakhona kubalulekile ukukhumbula ukuba nje ngenxa yokuba umntwana ukhuthazelele intlekele okanye amava okufa, akuthethi ukuba uya kutshatyalaliswa ngokuzenzekelayo.
Abanye abantwana abachaphazeleka kakhulu kwiimeko zabo kunabanye.
Uxinzelelo lwengqondo emva koxinzelelo
Abantwana abaninzi bafumana iziganeko eziphazamisayo ngenye indlela. Nangona abaninzi beva ubunzima emva kwesiganeko esibuhlungu, ubuninzi babo babuyela kwindawo eqhelekileyo yokusebenza ngexesha elifutshane.
Kodwa abanye abantwana-phakathi kwe-3 ne-15 ekhulwini yamantombazana kunye ne-1 kuya kwe-6 ekhulwini yabafana-bahlakulele ingxaki yokuxinwa kwengxaki emva kwexesha (PTSD).
Abantwana abane- PTSD banokubuhlungu ngokuphindaphindiweyo kwingqondo yabo ngokuphindaphindiweyo. Basenokuphepha nantoni na ebakhumbuzayo ngengozi okanye bangaphinda baqhube umonakalo wabo emdlalweni wabo.
Ngamanye amaxesha abantwana bakholelwa ukuba balahlekelwa izibonakaliso zokulumkisa ukuqikelela isiganeko esibuhlungu. Ngomgudu wokuthintela izigulane zangomso, ziba ziqaphele ekukhangekeni iimpawu zokwazisa ukuba into embi iya kwenzeka kwakhona.
Abantwana abanePTSD banokuba neengxaki nge:
- Uloyiko
- Ukuxinezeleka
- Ukuxhalabisa
- Intukuthelo kunye nobudlova
- Ukuziphatha okuzilimazayo
- Ukuvakalelwa kwedwa
- Ukuzithemba
- Unzima ukuthembela kwabanye
Kwabantwana abangeke bahlakulele i-PTSD basenokubonisa imiba yeemvakalelo kunye neyokuziphatha emva kokuvavanya. Nazi ezinye izinto ozoziqwalasela kwiiveki kunye neenyanga emva kwesiganeko esiphazamisayo:
- Iingcamango ezingakumbi malunga nokufa okanye ukhuseleko
- Iingxaki zokulala
- Utshintsho lwesondlo
- Imiba yokuthukuthela
- Ingqalelo ingxaki
- Yesikolo sokwala
- Izikhalazo zakwaSomatic ezifana nezikhwebu kunye nama-stomachache
- Ukulahlekelwa ngumdla kwimisebenzi eqhelekileyo
- Ukutshatyalaliswa
- Buhlungu
- Ukuphuhliswa kokwesaba okusha
Impembelelo kwiMpilo yexesha elide
Iziganeko eziphazamisayo ziyakuchaphazela indlela ubuchopho bomntwana bukhula ngayo. Kwaye oko kunokuba nemiphumo engapheliyo.
Uphononongo lubonisa ukuba amava amaninzi omntwana umntu ayenayo, aphakamisa umngcipheko weengxaki zempilo kunye neengxaki kamva ebomini. Ingxaki yomntwana ingakhuphula ingozi yomntu:
- Isifuba
- Ukuxinezeleka
- Isifo senhliziyo saseCoronary
- Stroke
- Sikashukela
Ukongezelela, uphando olushicilelwe ngo-2016 kwi- Psychiatric Times lwaphawula ukuba ukuzama ukuzama ukuzibulala kwakuphezulu kakhulu kubantu abadala abaye babhekana nosizi, njengokuxhaphazwa ngokomzimba, ukuxhaphazwa ngokwesondo kunye nobundlobongela basekhaya, njengomntwana.
Impembelelo kulwalamano
Ubuhlobo bomntwana nomnakekeli wakhe-nokuba ngabazali, ugogo nomkhulu okanye enye into-kubalulekile kwimpilo yakhe yengqondo kunye nempilo. Olu lwalamano kunye noqhagamshelo lunceda umntu omncinane ukuba afunde ukuthembela kwabanye, ukulawula iimvakalelo kunye nokusebenzisana nehlabathi elibangqongileyo.
Xa umntwana ehlangabezana noxinzelelo olumfundisa ukuba akakwazi ukuthembela okanye ukuthembela kulo mgcini-nkonzo, ke, unokukholelwa ukuba ihlabathi elikujikelezayo liyindawo eyoyikisayo kwaye bonke abantu abadala bayingozi-kwaye oko kwenza kube nzima ukudala ubudlelwane kulo lonke ebuntwaneni babo, kuquka neontanga zabo ubudala, kunye neminyaka emdala.
Abantwana abanobunzima bokugcina iinkcukacha ezinempilo kubantu abanonophelo banokukwazi ukulwa nobudlelwane bokuthandana xa bekhulile. Uphando lwase-Australia lwabantu abangaphezu kwama-21,000 abasindiswayo ngabantwana abaneminyaka engama-60 ubudala nangaphezulu babika izinga eliphezulu lomtshato kunye nobudlelwane.
Indlela yokunceda umntwana oye waxilwa
Inkxaso yentsapho ingaba yintloko ekunciphiseni umonakalo ochaphazelekayo onomntwana. Nazi ezinye iindlela zokuxhasa umntwana emva kwesiganeko esiphazamisayo:
- Khuthaza umntwana wakho ukuba athethe ngeemvakalelo zakhe kwaye aqinisekise iimvakalelo zakhe.
- Phendula imibuzo ngokunyanisekileyo.
- Qinisekisa umntwana wakho ukuba uya kwenza konke onokukwazi ukumgcina ekhuselekile.
- Qinisekisa kwindlela yakho yemihla ngemihla ngangokunokwenzeka.
Ukuba umntwana wakho uye wavelelwa kwiimeko eziphazamisayo kwaye ufumene utshintsho kwimvakalelo yakhe okanye ekuziphatheni, khuluma nomntwana wakhe. Ugqirha unokuhlalutya impilo yengane yakho kwaye, ukuba kuyimfuneko, yenza ukuhanjiswa kwonyango lwempilo yengqondo.
Ngokuxhomekeke kwiminyaka yobudala kunye neemfuno zomntwana wakho, unokuthunyelwa kwiinkonzo ezinjengezokwelapha zokuziphatha, ukunyanga, okanye unyango lwentsapho. Amachiza anokuba yindlela yokunyanga iimpawu zomntwana wakho.
ILizwi
Akukaze kukhawuleze ukufumana uncedo. Ingaba uye wamkela umntwana osetshatsheni olwaxhatshazwa ngaphezu kweminyaka elishumi edlulileyo, okanye awuzange ufumane uncedo kwiimeko ezibuhlungu eziye zanyamezela iminyaka engama-40 edlulileyo, unyango lunokusebenza.
Imithombo:
I-American Academy ye-Pediatrics: Iziganeko ezingabonakali zabantwana kunye neZiphumo zoBomi .
Draper B, Pfaff JJ, Pirkis J, et al. Imiphumo yexesha elide loBuntwa kakubi kwiMpilo yoBomi kunye neMpilo yabantu abadala: Iziphumo ezivela kuCalulo kunye nokuPhepha kokuPhepha koKubulala kwiProjekthi yokuSebenza ngokuPhezulu. Umbhalo we-American Geriatrics Society . 2008; 56 (2): 262-271.
I-HealthyChildren.org: Uzali Emva kokuxhatshazwa: Ukuqonda iimfuno zabantwana bakho.
I-Souza LDDM, uMolina ML, uSilva RAD, uJansen K. Imbali yengxaki yomntwana njengengozi yokuzibeka engozini yokuzibulala ekudakaleni okukhulu. Uphando loPhando . 2016; 246: 612-616.
Wagner KD, MD, PhD. "Iimpembelelo zoThuthuko lwabantwana ekuxinezelekeni nasekuZukeleni abantu abadala." Ixesha leengqondo. Novemba 29, 2016.