Iintlukwano kunye nokuxhamla kwi-People With PTSD
I-post-traumatic disorder disorder (PTSD) kunye neempawu zesifo sengqondo, ezifana ne-hallucinations, zihlala kunye kunye. Kwimiqathango yeklinikhi, i-PTSD ichazwa njengamaqela amane eempawu: ukufumana kwakhona iimpawu, iimpawu zokuphepha , utshintsho olubi kwiimvakalelo kunye nomsebenzi wengqondo, kunye neempawu ezingenangqondo . Nangona kunjalo, oogqirha bezempilo yengqondo bakholelwa ukuba amava engqondo yeengqondo kufuneka athathwe njengoluhlu ololuhlu, ngenxa yokuba zihlala ziphakathi kwabantu abane-PTSD.
Iintlobo zeeMpawu zeNgqondo
Iimpawu zengqondo zingabelana ngamaqela amabini: iimpawu ezintle kunye neempawu ezimbi . Oku akuthethi ukuba ezinye iimpawu zengqondo zilungile kwaye ezinye zimbi. Kunoko, iimpawu ezintle zibhekisela kumava, njengama-hallucinations, kanti iimpawu ezimbi zibhekisela kukungabikho kwamava.
Iimpawu zePhysical Psychotic
Izimpawu zengqondo ezithandekayo zibonakaliswa kubukho beemvakalelo ezingavamile, iingcamango, okanye iimpawu zokuziphatha. Oku kubandakanya amava afana neengcamango okanye ukukhohlisa .
- Iingqungquthela zibhekisela kwimvakalelo ethile into engekho khona. I-hallucination yokucwaninga yinto yamava okuvavayo awakhona. I-hallucination ebonakalayo ibandakanya ukubona into engekhoyo. Iingcamango ezichukumisayo zenzeka xa uziva into engekho. Iingcamango ezinobungqina kunye nezenzo ezibandakanyekayo zibandakanya amava okuphosa okanye ukunambitha into engekho.
- Ukunyeliswa yimibono okholelwa ukuba yinyani naphezu kokuba kungenakwenzeka okanye kungenakwenzeka. Umzekelo, unokukholelwa ukuba i-CIA ikuhlola okanye ngabaphambukeli balawula ukuziphatha okanye iingcamango zakho.
- Ukuziphatha okungahambi kakuhle kukwaqheleke kakhulu kwi-psychosis. Unokwenza, umzekelo, ukwenza amagama, uthetha ngeendlela ezingaqondakaliyo, okanye ukuma kwindawo engavumelekanga.
Iimpawu zeNzululwazi zeNzululwazi
Izimpawu zeengqondo ezintle zibonakaliswa ngokungabikho kwamava. Ngokomzekelo, ukuba unempawu ezimbi, ungeke uveze ngokomoya. Unokuba nobunzima bokuthetha, usenokuthi nantoni na iintsuku ekugqibeleni (ekuthiwa yi-alogia) okanye ungakwazi ukwenza imisebenzi elula okanye imisebenzi, njengokugqoka ekuseni. Unokubonakala ungashukunyanga kwaye uhoxiswe. Iingcali zempilo yengqondo zisoloko zibhekisela kule ntlupheko yesibonakaliso sengqondo njengomntu onomntu "ochaphazelekayo."
Ukutshintshisa kunye nokuxhatshaliswa
Ukuqhawula kunye nokuhlukana kwenzeka ngokuqhelekileyo nge-PTSD , kwaye nangona bengenayo impawu yengqondo, babelana ngezinye iinkalo ngengqondo yengqondo, kuquka:
- Kwi-flashback, unokulahleka okwesikhashana uxhumano kunye neemeko zakho zangoku, ukuthunyelwa emva kwexesha kwisiganeko esibuhlungu kwimemori yakho. Kwi-flashback enamandla, unokubona, ukuva, okanye ukuvumba izinto abanye abantu abazenziyo, ezihambelanayo ne-hallucination. I-Flashbacks ihlala ikhona ngexesha loxinzelelo oluphezulu kwaye lunokuba luloyiko kumntu obafumanayo.
- Ukwahlukana ngamava ngamava apho uziva unqanyuliwe emzimbeni wakho. Awunakho nayiphi na imemori yento eyenzekayo kwindawo yakho kwithuba elithile. Amava afana nomhla wokuhamba, kodwa ngokungafani nomhla oqhelekileyo, kuphazamiseka kakhulu ebomini bakho.
Ukuphazamiseka Kwempilo Yengqondo Ebandakanya Izibonakaliso Zeengqondo
Ezi zibonakaliso ezintle nezengqondo ezingabonakaliyo zingabonwa ngeenombolo ezahlukeneyo zempilo yengqondo, kuquka:
- PTSD
- Ukuxhuzula
- Schizophrenia
- Isifo esikhulu sokudandatheka kunye neempawu zengqondo
- Isifo schizoaffective
- I-Schizophreniform disorder
- Ukuphazamiseka kwengxaki
Ukwahlukana phakathi kwezi meko ngezinye iimeko kunzima, njengoko kunokubakho ukugqithisa okukhulu phakathi kwempawu neemeko ezahlukeneyo.
Schizophrenia kunye ne-PTSD
Xa sicinga ukuba i- schizophrenia yenye yezona zixhaphakileyo zengqondo, ayikumangalisi ukuba abanye abantu banokuba ne-schizophrenia kunye ne-PTSD .
I-PTSD idla ngokuphindaphindiweyo emva kwesova elibuhlungu, kwaye kufunyenwe ukuba amava amaninzi aqhelekileyo kulabo abane-schizophrenia kunabantu bonke. Uphononongo olutshanje, ngaphezu koko, lufumene ukuba kukho ukuphazamiseka kwemfuyo phakathi kwe-schizophrenia kunye ne-PTSD.
Unyango lweengxaki zombini zibaluleke kakhulu, kodwa abanye oogqirha banqwenela ukusebenzisa ezinye iindlela eziqhelekileyo. Ngokomzekelo, ukusebenzisa i-PTSD yonyango kunokungabi yinto ekhethekileyo xa ukhetha ukuba umntu unayo i-schizophrenia, ekubeni unyango lwe-exposure lunokubangela ukonakalisa iimpawu ze-schizophrenia. Oko kwathiwa, uphando lufumene ukuba unyango olucatshulwa kakuhle lunokunciphisa iimpawu zePTSD. Kulabo banalo mdibaniso yeemeko, kubalulekile ukufumana umboneleli wempilo yengqondo owaziyo unyango le mibini.
Izimpawu zengqondo kwiPTSD
Abaphandi eYunivesithi yaseManitoba, iYunivesithi yase-Columbia kunye neYunivesithi yaseRegina bahlolisise ulwazi malunga nabantu abayi-5,877 abavela ngaphesheya kweUnited States ukwenzela ukuba bafumane amazinga apho abantu abanePTSD bafumana iimpawu ezahlukahlukeneyo zeengqondo. Bafumanisa ukuba phakathi kwabantu abane-PTSD, amava eempawu ezinengqondo ezintle ziqhelekileyo. Phantse ama-52 ekhulwini labantu abalisa ukuba babe ne-PTSD ngexesha elithile ebomini babo babika kwakhona ukuba banesifo esihle sengqondo.
Iimpawu ezininzi eziqhelekileyo zengqondo kunye ne-PTSD
Iimpawu eziqhelekileyo eziphambili kwisifundo esiphambili zi:
- Ukukholelwa ukuba abanye abantu babebahlola okanye bawalandela (iipesenti ezingama-27.5)
- Ukubona into abanye abangayiboniyo (i-19.8 pesenti)
- Ukuba neemvakalelo ezingaqhelekanga ngaphakathi okanye ngaphandle kwemizimba yazo, ezifana nesimo sengqondo njengoko besichukumiseka xa kungekho mntu wayekho khona (iipesenti ezingama-16.8)
- Ukukholelwa ukuba banokuva oko omnye umntu acinga (i-12,4 ekhulwini)
- Ukuxhatshazwa ngephunga elingaqhelekanga ukuba akukho namnye unokuvumba (ama-10,3 ekhulwini)
- Ukukholelwa ukuba iziphathamandla kunye neengcamango zabo zilawulwa ngamanye amandla okanye amandla (iipesenti ezili-10)
Iimpawu ezininzi ze-PTSD zilingana nokuLingana koMqondo weengqondo
Akumangalisi ukuba kubonakala ukuba iimpawu ze-PTSD ezingakumbi, ubuninzi bokuba uya kuba nempawu ezinengqondo ezinengqondo.
Abaphandi baye bajonga ukuba zeziphi iziganeko eziphazamisayo zixhaphake kakhulu kumava eengqondo. Iziganeko ezibeka abantu abasengozini kakhulu ziquka ukubandakanyeka kwintlekele yendalo, kubone umntu omale okanye ebulawe, okanye evezwe ngenxa yesiganeko esibuhlungu esenzeka kumntu othandekayo.
Iintsingiselo zeMpawu Zengqondo NePTSD
Amava empawu zengqondo angachazela ibali lokuba indlela enzima yomntu we-PTSD kunye nendlela ejongene ngayo nale meko. Inokuphakamisa iiflegi ezibomvu malunga nokuzibandakanya kweendlela zokuziphatha ezinobungozi.
Kuye kucetyiswa ukuba amava eengqondo zezobuchopho kulabo abanePTSD banokuxhumeka kumava okuhlukana achazwe ngasentla. Ukutshatyalaliswa ngokuphindaphindiweyo kunokunyusa umngcipheko wokuphuhliswa kwempawu zengqondo.
Ucwaningo luye lwabonisa ukuba abantu abane-PTSD abafumana iimpawu zeengqondo, xa kuthelekiswa nalabo abane-PTSD abangenayo, banokubeka ingozi enkulu kwiinkalo ezininzi, kuquka iingcinga zokuzibulala , iinzame zokuzibulala, kunye nokukhathazeka okukhulu. Kubalulekile ukuba wonke umntu one-PTSD kunye nabathandekayo bakhe bazi izinto ezinobungozi kunye neempawu zokuzibulala .
Unyango luyimfuneko
Ukuba wena okanye umntu obathandayo ophethe i-PTSD enempawu zeengqondo, kubaluleke kakhulu ukufuna unyango. Impawu zengqondo zengqondo zihlala zilawulwa ngempumelelo ngamayeza. Ukujongana neempawu ze-PTSD kwonyango kungakhokelela ekunciphiseni iimpawu zengqondo.
> Imithombo:
> I-American Psychiatric Association. I-Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Disabilities. 5. Arlington, VA: UMbutho wezeMpilo waseMerika; 2013.
> Choi J, Cho, Y, Kim B, et al. Iimiphumo zoBundlobongela kwabantwana kwiimpawu ezizimeleyo zengqondo ezizimeleyo kwiSifo esiPhephekileyo sengqondo: Imiphumo edibeneyo yeempawu zoxinzelelo lwe-Posttraumatic Stress Symptoms. Uphando loPhando . 2015; 229 (1-2): 389-93.
> Amandla A, iFani N, i-Cross D, iRessler K, i-Bradley B. Ubunzima be-Childhood, i-PTSD, kunye ne-Psychosis: Iziphumo ezivela kwiSamphu yeMpawu eziPhezulu kakhulu. UkuShatshazwa kwabantwana nokunyaniseka . 2016; 58: 111-8.
> OConghaile A, DeLisi L. Ukuhlukanisa i-Schizophrenia esuka kwi-Posttraumatic Stress Disorder ne-Psychosis. I-Opinion yangoku kwi-Psychiatry . 2015; 28 (3): 249-55.