Iziphazamiso ezimbini ezixhalabisayo
Abantu abaninzi badibanisa ukuphazamiseka kwengqondo kunye ne- phobias , becinga ukuba le miba mibini iyafana. Akunakuphikiswa ukuba ukuphazamiseka kwesifo kunye ne-phobias kubonisa iimpawu ezifanayo, kubandakanywa ukwesaba okukhulu, iimvakalelo zokuxhalabisa kunye nokuhlaselwa. Ezi zombini iimeko zingabandakanya iimpawu ezinzima ezinokuchaphazela kakhulu ubudlelwane bomntu, umsebenzi kunye nezinye iinjongo kunye neenjongo.
Ukongezelela, ngokweenkcukacha ezitholakala kwiNcwadana yokuHlola kunye neStatistical of Disabilities Dismers ( DSM 5) , zombini iimeko zibizwa ngokuthi "ukukhathazeka kokuxhalabisa." Nangona kunjalo, ukuphazamiseka kwesifo kunye ne-phobias kuthathwa njengeemeko ezihlukeneyo, ngasinye sinomlinganiselo ocacileyo wokuxilonga.
Yintoni iPhobia?
I-phobia ichazwa njengentlanzi engapheliyo into ethile okanye imeko ethile. Uloyiko olunxulumene ne-phobia luya ngaphaya kweemvakalelo ezingathandabuzekiyo okanye ezingathandekiyo. Umntu onesimo se-phobia uyamoyikeka kakhulu into okanye imeko, ngaphaya kweyiphi na ingozi yengozi. Ngokomzekelo, abantu abaninzi banokukhuselekiswa kwezicukutho, kodwa umntu onokwesaba okanye izigulane ( arachnophobia ), uya kude ubude obude ukuze ahlawule izicukutho kwaye unokuzibonakalisa engenangqiqo xa edibana nomnye.
Abagulayo baseFobia banokuqonda ukuba ukwesaba kwabo kuninzi kwaye kunengqiqo, kodwa baziva bengakwazi ukulawula ukukhathazeka kwabo.
Ukuphepha ukuziphatha kuqhelekile, njengoko i-phobic izimisele ukuhlala kude nokwesaba kwayo. Ukuba unyanzelekile ukuba ubhekane nento eyikiweyo okanye imeko, umntu uya kuphazamiseka ukukhathazeka kunye nokuxhalabisa. Iimpawu eziqhelekileyo ze-phobias ziquka ukukhawuleza kwentliziyo, ukugubha, ukukhathazeka, kunye nesidingo esikhulu sokuba ubalekele into okanye imeko.
Njengoko kuchaziwe kwi-DSM, i-phobias iwela kwiyindidi ezintathu eziphambili: i-phobias ethile, i-phobias yentlalo (ingxaki yokuxhalabisa abantu) kunye ne-agoraphobia. I-phobias ekhethekileyo ibandakanya ukwesaba into ethile okanye imeko. Iziganeko eziqhelekileyo eziqhelekileyo zibandakanya ukwesaba kweemeko ezithile (umzekelo, iindawo eziphakamileyo, ezindizayo, eziphakamileyo), izimo zonyango (umzekelo, igazi, inaliti, amazinyo), imvelo / iimpembelelo zendalo (umzekelo, amanzi, iindubhu, okanye iinyikima) (umz. iinyoka, izinja, iinyosi).
I-phobias yentlalo ibandakanya ukwesaba okugqithiseleyo ukuhlazeka okanye ukuvavanywa kakubi kwiimeko zentlalo. Umntu onentlalo yoluntu uya kugweba ukwenza imisebenzi kwintlalo, njengokuba uthetha, apho angayibeka khona engozini yokugwetywa kwabanye. I-Agoraphobia inokuthi iquka ukwesaba ukuhlazeka, nangona kunjalo, umntu uloyiko lokuhlaselwa yintlanzi kwindawo okanye imeko apho kuya kuba neentloni kunye / okanye kunzima ukubalekela. Iimpawu ze-agoraphobia zikhokelela ekunciphiseni ubomi obunjengokuphepha ukuhamba, izihlwele okanye iindawo ezinkulu ezivulekileyo.
Inkathazo yePaniki kunye nePhobias ecacileyo
Ukuhlaselwa kwesohlwayo kunye neempawu ezifana neyokuthuthumela, ukuphefumula okufutshane, kunye nokukhukhuma ngokweqile, zibonakalisa iimpawu zesifo sokuphazamiseka kwesifo kunye ne-phobias.
Nangona kunjalo, ezi zimpawu zibangelwa ngokuhlukileyo kwimeko nganye. Abantu abane-phobia baya kuba nexhala kunye nokuxhalaba xa becinga okanye bebonakalisa ukwesaba kwabo.
Ngesinye icala, abantu abanesifo sengqondo sokuphazamiseka kwintlungu, abangekho kubangelwa ukwesaba okuthe ngqo. Abantu abanesifo sokuphazamiseka kweentlungu bahlaselwa ngokukhawuleza kunye nokungalindelekanga. Abantu abanenkathazo yokuphazamiseka badla ngokujamelana noloyiko xa ukuhlasela kwabo okuza kubakho. Kwakhona kunokwenzeka ukuba uhlalutyo lwentsebenziswano ngokubambisana kunye neengxaki ezithile kunye nokuphazamiseka kwesifo.
Izinyango Zonyango
Iingxaki zombini kunye ne-phobias ziimeko eziyinkimbinkimbi ezinokufunyanwa kuphela ngumniki-mpilo oqeqeshiwe.
Ukuba ukrokrela ukuba unobandezelekayo okanye zombini le miqathango, yenza i-aphoyintimenti yokuxubusha iimpawu zakho kunye nogqirha wakho. Uya kuba nako ukuncedisa ekufumaneni i-diagnostic, unyango, kunye nokudluliselwa xa kunesidingo.
Izinyango zokwelapha ezifumaneka kwi-phobias zifana nezo zengxaki yokuphazamiseka. Uninzi lwabantu abaxilongwa ngokuba ne-phobia luya kukhetha udibaniso lwe- psychotherapy , amayeza kunye neendlela zokuncedisa ukuzinceda ekulawuleni iimpawu zabo. I-Psychotherapy inokuncedisa ngeendlela ezahlukeneyo kubandakanywa nokuphuhlisa izicwangciso zokulwa, nangona ukuba imishanguzo inokuthi ibe yinto yokunciphisa ubunzulu bexhala kunye nokuxhalabisa, kwaye iindlela zokuncedisa zizincedisa ekulawuleni uxinzelelo lwemihla ngemihla, ukhetho lwezonyango lunokunceda ukunciphisa Ubunzulu boyiko kunye nokuxhalaba, kunye nobuchule bokuzinceda lunokuba luncedo ekulawuleni uxinzelelo lwemihla ngemihla.
Ukufumana ulwazi oluthe xaxa malunga nama-phobias, jonga kwi-site yethu ye-phobias. Apho uya kufumana ulwazi olongezelelweyo malunga nokuxilongwa , ukhetho lwezokwelapha, kunye neenkcazo zeentlobo ezahlukeneyo ze-phobias. Isiza sinika ulwazi malunga nokufumana inkxaso kunye nokufumana uncedo lwee-phobias .
> Umthombo:
Umbutho we-Psychiatric Association (2013). I-Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Disabilities (5th ed.). "Washington, DC: Umbhali.