Iingcebiso Zokulibala Imemori Engalunganga Xa Unenkxalabo Emphakathini
Izikhumbuzo ezintle zihlala zihlala nathi. Oku kunokuba yinyani ngokukodwa xa uhlala neengxaki zentlalo (SAD) , kodwa nangona ungekho, unethuba elihle lokujongana neengcinga ezimbi kwixesha elithile ebomini bakho. Unokuzifumana uphazamisa into ethile eyenzeka ngeveki, iinyanga, okanye kwiminyaka eyadlulayo, ngokungathi unesimo kwaye unokuziva untloni.
Enyanisweni, uphando lwe-2016 kwi- Journal of Treatment and Psychiatry lubonisa ukuba abantu abane-SAD bajonge ukujonga iinkumbulo ezingabonakaliyo zentlalo njengento ephambili yobuni babo.
Uphando olutsha luqala ukukhanyisa kwinkqubo ngeemvakalelo ezimbi ezingabangela ukuba uloyiko kunye nokuxhalaba. Uphando lubonisa ukuba amahomoni athile, iindawo zobuchopho, kunye neentlobo zengqondo zinoxanduva.
Iingcamango ezingekho phantsi kweNtlalo
Unokuba nobunzima ukuzama ukulibala imemori embi, nokuba ungenayo i-SAD okanye awunayo. Kungathi uzivele "i-bhanki yememori" ezaliswe zonke iimeko ozikhumbulayo njengezihlazo kunye neentloni. Nangona iimbakalisi ezithile ezinamathele nawe ziyahlukahluka kumntu kumntu, imizekelo ethile ibandakanya oku kulandelayo. Ezi zinokuthi zizithobekele, njengokuba kuphela uza kubona umba ongeyimiba, okanye ziyakhathazeka kakhulu, njengento yokuhlekwa usulu:
- Ukwenza impazamo kwimeko yoluntu, njengokubiza umntu ngegama elingalunganga
- Ukuqhwala ngexesha lokusebenza
- Ukwenyulwa ngumntu, ngakumbi ekuthandaneni
- Ukukholelwa ukuba abanye babengazi kakuhle iimpawu zakho ezixhalabileyo, ezifana nokuxhaphaza izandla okanye ukuxuba
- Ukuxhatshazwa okanye ukuhlekisa ngabaontanga bakho
Emva kwezi ntlobo zeemeko, xa uzikhumbula, unokuzixelela izinto ezifana nalezi:
- "Kutheni ndathi / yenza loo nto?"
- "Ndibe neentloni"
- "Kutheni ndingakwazi ukusebenzisana nabanye ngokulula?"
Ngokwenene, uqhubeka uxhomekeka kwezo zikhumbuzo ezihlazo kwaye unokuziva ngathi awukwazi ukuvala ingqondo yakho .
I-Oxytocin kunye nezikhumbuzo ezimbi
Nangona i- hormone i-oxytocin iye yatshatyalaliswa njengefuthe elihle kwiimeko zentlalo, uphando lwangoku lugqithise ukuba lunakho ukugxininisa iimbulumbulo ezingenakwenzeka kubantu abanengxaki yokuxhalabisa abantu. Ngale ndlela, i-oxytocin ingaba nefuthe lokubangela intlungu yomzwelo kwaye ingaba sisizathu sokuba iingxaki zentlalo zihlala nathi emva kwexesha-emva kokusasazeka kwaye kusenokubangela ukuxhalabisa kunye nokutya.
Kwiphononongo epapashwe kwiphepha leNdalo ye-Neuroscience ngo-2013, iigundane ezinamaqondo ahlukeneyo e-oxytocin receptors (akukho mvume yokufumana, ukunyuka kwama-receptors, izinga eliqhelekileyo le-receptors) kwingqondo yafundwa ukuhlolisisa imiphumo yentswelo kunye nexhala.
Kwisilingo sokuqala, amagundane abekwe kwimeko kunye neenkondlo ezinobundlobongela apho bafumana ukutshatyalaliswa kwentlalo, ukudala imeko yokuxininisa kwentlalo. Iigundane ezazilahlekileyo i-oxytocin receptors zazingenayo i-oxytocin engena ebuchosini babo.
Emva kweeyure ezithandathu, abaphandi bafaka iigundane ngeegundane ezinobundlobongela. Into abayifumene kukuba iigundane ezingenayo i-receptors zazingabonakali zibonakalisa ukwesaba. Iigundane ezinamkeleko ezongezelelweyo zibonisa ukwanda kwamazinga okwesaba. Ekugqibeleni, iigundane ezineemfuno eziqhelekileyo zezifunyenwe zibonakalisa ukwesaba okuqhelekileyo.
Ngokwesibini uvavanyo, abaphandi bakwazi ukubonisa ukuba i-oxytocin kwimeko yentlalo exinzelelekileyo ingadlulisa ukwesaba kwiimeko eziyilandelayo-kwimeko yamagundane okwenziwe ngumbane. Kwakhona, iigundane ezingenayo i-receptors zazingabonakali zibonakaliso okanye zikhumbule ukuba zisoyike ukutshatyalaliswa kombane.
Ngokwahlukileyo, uphando oluxutyushwa kwi-Scientific American olulawulwa i-oxytocin kwiintonga zamadoda. Okokuqala, la madoda ayeboniswa ukungahambi hlangothi (imizobo yobuso kunye nezindlu) ngamanye amaxesha kwakunokubethwa kombane. Emva koko, izifundo zifumene i-dose eyodwa ye-oxytocin okanye i-plaebo. Emva koko, bafumana unyango lokuphela kokutya xa befumana i-MRI. Baphinda baboniswa iifoto, kodwa ngaphandle kokubhangqa kombane. Oko bakufumanisa kukuba izifundo ezafumana i-oxytocin zandile umsebenzi kwi-correx ye-prefrontal (yokulawula ukwesaba) kwaye yehla ukuphendula kwi-amygdala xa iboniswa imifanekiso. Oku kuphakanyisiwe ukuba enye eyenziwa nge-oxytocin yayiphumelele ekuphuculeni ukusetyenziswa kweyeza esekelwe ekuphelelweni ngenxa yokwesaba nokuxhalabisa.
Nangona ezi ziphumo (iimiceba kunye namadoda) zingabonakala zingqubuzanayo, oku kuya kuhambelana nexesha le-oxytocin dose. Ngaba loo madoda athola i-oxytocin ayifumana ngexesha elifanayo njengokutshatyalaliswa kombane, ngaba inkumbulo yokutshitshiswa ihlale ihlala kunye nabo? Impendulo kulo mbuzo ayicaci.
I-Oxytocin kunye nezoLuntu
Uluphando luchaza ntoni ngoloyiko lwethu, uxhalaba, kunye nolwalamano olubi?
Kubonakala ukuba i-oxytocin ingayomeleza iinkumbulo zoluntu kwingqondo (ngokukodwa, kwi-septum latum), nokuba nefuthe lokuqinisa okanye ukukhulisa. Oku kubalulekile, kuba uxinzelelo olungapheliyo lwentlalo luyaziwa kubangela ukuxhalaba nokuxinezeleka. Esi siphumo sibonakala sigcina ixesha elide-ubuncinane iiyure ezintandathu.
Olu hlobo lophando lubonisa ukuba nje ukuxhalaba kwentlalo kubonakala kunomzimba wezofuzo, kulandela ukuba ubuchopho bakho bokufikelela kwi-oxytocin bunokuthi buchaphazela njani ukuba udibanise kakuhle izinto ezintle kwiimeko zentlalontle, ukuze bakwenze ukwesaba kwikamva .
Yintoni oyenzayo emva koBuchule boLuntu boLuntu
Ukuba iziganeko ezidlulileyo zentlalo zidlala indima ephambili kwingxaki yokuxhalabisa abantu, kuyaqondakala ukuba ukupheliswa kwezikhumbuzo zezi ziganeko kuya kunceda ukunciphisa uxhalaba lwakho:
- Ukuba unomdla wokuba uhlaselo okanye "ukuhlaselwa kweentambo" malunga neemeko ezihlazo ezidlulileyo, kungenokuba luncedo ukugcina ibhalwa apho ubhala iimeko ezivuya okanye ezilungileyo. Naliphi na ixesha ukhumbule imemori engafanelekanga, zama ukulandela ngokufanelekileyo.
- Ekuphenduleni kwii-flashbacks, unokuba neefayile ezimbalwa oziphinda uzenzele zona, njengokuthi "eso siganeko asichazekanga."
- Unokuzama ukuzama ukukhumbula ingqondo xa iimbuyiselo zibuyela kuwe. Esikhundleni sokuvumela ukuba uxakeke kwimemori, zama ukubeka ingqwalasela kwinto ethile kumzuzu wamanje njengento okanye iphunga.
- Ukuba usenzima, zama ukusebenzisa indlela yokuziphatha , kwaye uzibuze, "Ngaba umntu ngaphandle kwam ukhumbula loo meko okanye ucinge ngako?"
- Ekugqibeleni, ukuba ufumana uhlaselwa kwidingo yokufezekisa, kunye nezikhumbuzo zakho zijikeleze amaxesha awenzile iimpazamo, zama ukwenza iimpazamo nokwenza izinto ezingalunganga ngenjongo. Ekuhambeni kwexesha, ukuba ukhona apho ufuna ukuzihlazisa, iinkumbulo zezo meko ziza kunambitheka. Zixelele ukuba unelungelo lokumkela uluntu ngoku, ngeli xesha, kunokuba ube nexesha elizayo xa ube ngumntu "opheleleyo".
- Ngaphezu kwakho konke, ungasebenzisi izicwangciso ezimbi ukulibala izinto ezimbi, ezifana nokusebenzisa kakubi iziyobisi okanye utywala.
Ukuguqulwa kweGenes kunye neNkumbulo embi
Ngaba bekungeke kube mnandi ukucima yonke imiphumo yakho engalunganga? Nangona oko kunokuvakala ngathi inzululwazi yinyani, amayeza enamhlanje angasondela ekubeni kwenzeke ukuba kwenzeke kunokuba uqaphele.
Uphando luye lwabonisa ukuba ukuhluka kohlobo lwe-neurotrophic gene (i-BDNF) ye-gene ishicilelwe kwisimo sokwesaba. I-BDNF yonyango ingasetyenziswa kwixesha elizayo, ngokutshintsha amajelo ezithintela ukwesaba nokuxhalabisa.
Ngendlela efanayo, indlela yokuguqula i-Tac2 iboniswe ukunciphisa ukugcinwa kwezikhumbuzo ezibuhlungu. Ngenxa yoko, iyeza elithintela umsebenzi wale ndlela liyakuthintela ukugcinwa kwezikhumbuzo ezibuhlungu kwindawo yokuqala. Nangona oku kuya kuba luncedo kakhulu kwi-posttraumatic disorder disorder (PTSD), olu hlobo lophando lunokugqitywa ukuba lube nolwazi olubi lweengxaki zokukhathazeka kwezentlalo.
Ungakhathazeki-ezo zikhumbuzo ezimbi azicinywa kakuhle. Zigcinwa kwindawo ethile, kodwa ayifumaneka.
ILizwi
Ngaba uyaxutywa yimemori yeepazamo ozenzile ngaphambili? Nangona ukucinga emva kweempazamo ezidlulileyo kuyinto eqhelekileyo, ukuhlala kuzo kuze kube yinto ekubangela ukuba ukwesaba okukhulu kunye nokuxhalabisa okwangoku akunjalo. Ukuba uhlala neengxaki zentlalo yoluntu okanye ukholelwa ukuba unokuba neempawu zale ngxaki, kubalulekile ukubonisana nodokotela wakho. Ngokukodwa, ukudibana nomgqirha ogxile kwi-SAD kunokunceda ukuvelisa izicwangciso zokujongana kangcono nale nkumbulo engalunganga.
> Imithombo:
> Kummer A, Harsanyi E. Ukukhwabanisa kwimeko yokukhathazeka kwentlalo: I-Psychopathology kwimeko. Indian J Psychiatry . 2008; 50 (3): 200-201. i-doi: 10.4103 / 0019-5545.43637.
> O'Toole MS, Watson LA, Rosenberg NK, uBerntsen D. Inkumbulo engabonakaliyo yezinto ezizimeleyo kwingxaki yokukhathazeka kwentlalo: Ukuthelekiswa nokuphazamiseka kwengxaki kunye nokulawulwa kwempilo. J Behav Ther Exp Psychiatry . 2016; 50: 223-230. i-doi: 10.1016 / j.jbtep.2015.09.008.
> Scientific American. Ngaba Unokwenkqiswa?
> Yomayra F Guzman, Natalie C Tronson, Vladimir Jovasevic, Keisuke Sato, Anita L Guedea, Hiroaki Mizukami, Katsuhiko Nishimori, Jelena Radulovic. Iimpembelelo zokunyusa ukwenziwa koyilo lwe-septal oxytocin receptors. I-Nature Neuroscience, 2013; INGXELO: 10.1038 / nn.3465