I- phobia ekhethekileyo yinoyiko olunzulu nolungenangqiqo yento ethile okanye imeko. Ingxaki yokuxhalabisa ichaphazela abantu abadala abangama-19 nabasetyhini ngamathuba amabini ngaphezu kwamadoda ukuba abe ne-phobia ethile. Ezinye izigulane zineengxaki ezininzi ze-phobias ngexesha elinye.
Kukho iindidi ezine ze-phobia ezithile:
- Zendalo, kuquka ukwesaba kweendudumo kunye nombane (i-astraphobia) okanye amanzi (amanzi aphantsi)
- Ukutyunjwa, kuquka ukwesaba kwezinyo zamathambo (i-dentophobia), okanye iinjenki (i-trypanophobia)
- Izilwanyana, kubandakanywa nezinja (i-cynophobia), inyoka (i-ophidiophobia), kunye neenambuzane (ukuzondla)
- Imeko, kuquka ukuhlamba (i-ablutophobia) kunye neendawo ezidibeneyo (claustrophobia)
Iimpawu zoPhando lwePobia oluPhezulu
Ukwesaba kunye ne-phobia akufani, ngoko kubalulekile ukwazi ukuhluka. Umgqirha wakho akakwazi ukusebenzisa uvavanyo lwebhuyibrari ukuze enze ukuxilongwa ukuze yena kunye nabanye abaqeqeshi bempilo yengqondo badibane ne- DSM-V (I-Diagnostic and Statistical Manual, 5 kuMhla., 2013). Esi sikhokelo sinikeza iinkqubo ezithile zokuxilonga kwi-phobia ethile kwi-American Psychiatric Association:
- Ukholo olungapheliyo , Ukwesaba okugqithisileyo : Umntu ubonakalisa ukwesaba okugqithisileyo okanye okungaqondakaliyo, okuqhubekayo kunye nobunzulu obangela into ethile okanye imeko.
- Ukuphendula ngokukhawuleza ngokuxhalabisa: Ukwenza uloyiko lokwenza uloyiko lumele lube ngaphandle kwenqobo yengozi kwaye luvele luvele ngokukhawuleza xa luchazwe ngento okanye imeko.
- Ukuqaphela Ukwesaba Kukho Imfuneko Engenakunqwenelekayo: Kwiingxelo zeDSM zangaphambili, abantu abadala abanama-phobias kufuneka baqaphele ukuba ukwesaba kwabo akukwixabiso, kodwa abantwana abangekho. Umshicilelo we-2013 ngoku uthi isigulane esipheleleyo akusadingeki siqaphele ukungahambisani nokuziphatha kwabo ukufumana ukuxilongwa.
- Uphephe okanye uxinzelelo oludlulileyo: Umntu ogulayo uyaphuma kwindlela yakhe ukuphepha into okanye imeko, okanye ukunyamezela ngokuxinzezeleka.
- Ubomi-Ukulinganiselwa: I-phobia ichaphazela kakhulu isikolo, umsebenzi okanye ubomi bomntu.
- Iinyanga ezithandathu Ixesha: Kubantwana nakubantu abadala, ubude beempawu kufuneka buhlale ubuncinane kwiinyanga ezintandathu.
- Akubangelwa Ngenye Iingxaki: Iintlungu ezininzi zokuxhalabisa zinempawu ezifanayo. Ngako oko, umphathiswa wakho kufuneka alawule ezinye izifo ngaphambi kokufumanisa i-phobia ethile.
Ukulungiselela iPhobia eNgqameneyo Ukuthabatha udliwano-ndlebe
Ngaba unqume ukuba lixesha lokufuna uncedo lobuchwepheshe ngenxa yokwesaba kwakho? Ukuze wenze uninzi lwexesha lokuqeshwa kwakho, kwaye uncedise ugqirha wakho ukuba ubone ukuba unokwesaba okanye u-phobia, unokulungiselela uluhlu lwesithathu:
- Iimpawu: Yenza uludwe lweempawu zenyama kunye nengqondo, kuquka ukuqala kwakho, indlela ojamelana ngayo noyiko lwakho, kunye nezinto ezenza ukuba uxhalaba lwakho lungcono okanye lubi.
- Ubomi Bomntu: Yenza uluhlu lwento ephazamisayo eqhubekayo ebomini bakho, kuquka umtshato okanye inkathazo emsebenzini. Uluhlu lweemeko ezintsha ezibonakala ngathi zizinto ezintle, kuquka ukukhuthazwa okanye ubudlelwane obunothando, kubalulekile ukuba iindaba ezilungileyo zingabangela uxhalaba.
- Amachiza kunye neziNcediso: Yenza uluhlu lwawo onke amayeza kunye nezongezelelo ozithatha rhoqo, ezifana namavithamini kunye namayeza. Ezi zinto zingathintela isimo sakho sengqondo kwaye ziphazamise unyango.
Imibuzo yokubuza i-Yourrapist
Ngelixa uhlala kwiofisi yezobugqirha ukuze ubone ukuba uloyiko lwakho luhlobo oluthile, sebenzisa ixesha lakho ngokuhlakanipha uze ubuze nayiphi na imibuzo. Ngaba ukhathazeke ukuba awukwazi ukucinga nantoni na kwindawo? Nazi ezinye ongayisebenzisa:
- Ziziphi iinketho zokonyango ozicebisayo?
- Ndingayiphatha njani iimeko zam ezinye zempilo ngelixa ndinyango?
- Ukuba ndilandela isicwangciso sonyango esinconywayo, ndingayilindela kangakanani ukuphucula?
Imithombo:
Umbutho wezeMpilo waseMerika. (1994). Incwadana yokuxilonga kunye neenkcukacha zeengxaki zengqondo (4 Ed.) . Washington, DC: Umbhali.
Ukuxhalabisa kunye nokuPhukisa uMbutho weMerika: Iinkcukacha kunye neenkcukacha
I-Clinical Mayo: Phobias (2014)