Uloyiko lweemeko zentlalo luyaziwa ngokuba yi-Social Phobia
Inkxalabo yokuxhalaba kwezenhlalakabi ngaphambili yayibizwa ngokuba yi-phobia yentlalo. Nangona abantu abaninzi becinga ukuba uxhalabuntlalo loluntu luloyiko lwabanye abantu, ngokwenene ukwesaba iintlobo ezahlukeneyo zentlalo.
Ingxaki yokuxhalabisa ikwahlula kwiintlobo ezimbini ezibalulekileyo: ezizodwa, apho iimeko okanye enye iimeko ziyesaba, kwaye zizonke, ezibandakanya iimeko ezininzi.
Umzekelo, ukuba unenkxalabo yokuxhalaba kwentlalo, usenokuba ukwesaba ukuthetha phambi kwabanye , ukwenza phambi kwabanye okanye ukuhlala ujikeleze nabanye abantu. Naluphi na uhlobo oluthileyo oluloyiko, zonke iintlobo zengxaki yokuxhalaba kwezenhlalakahle zichaphazela iziganeko eziqhelekileyo.
Ingxaki yokuxhalaba kwezenhlalakahle inokuphathwa ngayo ukuze uhlale ubomi obunxinxanthe nabanye.
Iimpawu zoxinzelelo lweNtlalo
Izimpawu zomntu ngamnye zincinane. Iimpawu ezichanekileyo onokuzifumana zixhomekeke kwiimeko ezininzi, kubandakanywa ubunzima bokuxhalaba kweentlalo. Iimpawu eziqhelekileyo zezifo zengxakini yoluntu zibandakanya, kodwa azikhawulelwanga:
Uloyiko: Unokuvakalelwa kukuba unkwantya okanye utshabalalo oluqala kwiintsuku ezikhokelela kwisiganeko soshishino. Ngexesha lomcimbi, uloyiko lunokuba lukhulu.
Izibonakaliso Zomzimba: Unokuba nesisombululo esifana nesifo sokuphazamiseka . Ukuqhaqhaqhaqhaqhaqhaqhaqhaqhaqha, ukugubha, ukubetha, kunye nexinzelelo esiswini ziqhelekileyo.
Ukuzigweba: Abantu abaninzi abanenkinga yokuxhalaba kwabantu bavakalelwa kukuba bahlolisiswa ngabo bajikelezayo. Unokuba yi-hyperaware yendlela ohamba ngayo, uthetha, uhlafune kwaye wenze ezinye izenzo zansuku zonke. Ukuzigxeka kakhulu ngokwakho kuqhelekile.
Hlalani nikhumbule ukuba iimpawu zengxaki yokuxhalaxeka kwentlalo zifana nezozinye izifo ezifana neengxaki zokuphazamiseka, kunye neemeko ezithile zomzimba.
Umboneleli wakho wempilo unokukwazi ukucacisa isizathu seempawu zakho kwaye ugqibe isigqibo malunga nokunyanga okufanelekileyo.
Ukuchonga ukukhathazeka kweNtlalo yoluntu
Njengeyiphi i-phobia okanye enye ingxaki yengqondo yengqondo, ingxaki yokuxhalaba kwintlalo ingafunyanwa kuphela ngumqeqeshi oqeqeshiwe.
Esinye seziganeko eziphambili zokuxilonga naluphi na i-phobia yinyani ukuba kufuneka ibe nefuthe lobomi bentswelo. Ukuba unokwesaba ukuthetha koluntu, umzekelo, kodwa udale ubomi obungafunanga lo buchule, ngoko ungeke ube ne-phobia. Kodwa umntu owenza ukuphila kwakhe njengegosa, nangona kunjalo, unokukhubazeka kakhulu ngoloyiko olufanayo.
Inkqubela yokukhathazeka kweNtlalo
Icandelo ngalinye leengxaki zeentlalo zihluke, ngoko i-phobia yakho ingasilandelanga "iphethini". Ngokuqhelekileyo, nangona kunjalo, kubonakala ukuba ukungaxhatshazeki kwintlalo yokuxhalaba kwintlalo kuya kuqhubeka kunzima kwithuba. Ixhala lezenhlalakahle lisoloko liqhubela phambili ukwesaba enye imeko yentlalo kwiimeko ezininzi okanye ukwesaba kwabantu. Kwiimeko ezigqithiseleyo, ingxaki yokuxhatshazwa kweentlalo ezingaphendulwanga ingakhokelela ekuzimeleleni, ukuxinezeleka , ezinye iingxaki zokuxhalaba okanye nokuba ne- agoraphobia .
Inkqubela phambili elandelayo ingathathwa njengolu hlobo:
- Iimpawu zokuqala zoMxwayiso: Abantu abaninzi abaqhubekayo ukuhlakulela ingxaki yokuxhalaba kwezenhlalakahle babonisa iimpawu zentloni kunye nokuxhalaba kwentlalo ebusaneni.
- Ubudala Ekuqaleni: Nangona ingxaki yokuxhalaba kwintlalo ingabonakala kunanoma yiphi ubudala, iqala ngokususela kuma-13 ubudala. Ingxaki yokuxhalaba kwezenhlalakahle kubantwana kunye nabantwana ifunyaniswa kuphela xa iqhubeka ingaphezu kweenyanga ezintandathu.
- Iimpembelelo eziqhubela phambili: Ingxaki yokukhathazeka kwentlalo ingabangela iingxaki ezininzi, kubandakanywa nobunzima ngemisebenzi kunye nobudlelwano boluntu. Ukwandisa ukwahlukana kunokukhokelela ekuphuhliseni ezinye izifo.
- Iziphazamiso ezifanayo: Ukuzihlalisa kunye nokuxhalabisa okubangelwa yintlungu yokuxhalabisa abantu kunokukhokelela ekudakaleni, ukusetyenziswa kakubi kweziyobisi kunye nokukhathazeka okuqhubekayo.
- Ukugxekwa: Ukungabikho kokuxhalabisa kweentlalo kungaxhamli kwaye kukhula ngokwengeziwe. Ngokuhamba kwexesha, kunokuba nzima kunzima ukulwa ne-phobia nokugcina ubomi obuqhelekileyo. Noko ke, unyango luyingozi kakhulu.
UkuPhatha Ingxaki Yokukhathazeka Kwezenhlalakahle
Ingxaki yokuxhalaba kwezenhlalakahle inokuphathwa ngayo naziphi na iindlela zintathu: amayeza, unyango okanye ezinye iindlela. Iingcali ezininzi zikhetha ukusebenzisa ukudibanisa unyango.
Amachiza asetyenziswa ekuphatheni ingxaki yokuxhalaba kwezenhlalakahle awela kwiindidi ezine eziphambili:
I-SSRIs : I- serotonin ekhethiweyo i-inhibitors, okanye i-SSRIs, isebenza ngokuchaphazela izinga le-serotonin ebuchosheni. Zivame ukumiselwa ukudakumba, kodwa zisebenza ngokuphumelelayo ekuphatheni iziphazamiso zokuxhalabisa, kuquka i-phobias.
I-MAOIs : ii-MAOIs, okanye i-monoamine oxidase inhibitors, vimba i-enzyme ephula ezinye i-neurotransmitters kwingqondo. Ezi zonyango zibizwa ngokugqithiseleyo ukuxinezeleka, kodwa zinefuthe kwixhala.
I-Benzodiazepines : I- Benzodiazepines yi-sedatives egciniweyo eqhelekileyo isetyenziswa ukuphatha uxhala. Baya kunciphisa i-phobias ngokujongana nokuxhalabisa.
I-Beta Blockers : Ininzi echazwe ngokunyanzeleka kwengcinezelo yegazi kunye neemeko ezithile zeentliziyo, i-beta blockers isebenza ngokunciphisa imiphumo ye-epinephrine (adrenaline) emzimbeni. Ezinye izifundo zibonise ukuba i-blocka blockers inokusebenza ngokukhawuleza ekunciphiseni iinkalo ezithile zengxaki yokukhathazeka kwentlalo.
Uninzi lweentlobo zonyango lwentetho lunokuba luncedo ekuphatheni ingxaki yokukhathazeka kwentlalo. Ngenxa yezizathu ezahlukahlukeneyo, unyango oluthile lokuziphatha lenye yezona ndlela zithandwa kakhulu kwi-phobias. I-Psychoanalysis , iisemina zeqela elinamandla kunye neendlela zokuziphatha nazo zonke zifunyenwe zisebenza kwezinye iimeko.
Abantu abaninzi banokufumana ukukhululeka kwimiba yokuxhalaba kweentlalo kunye neendlela ezahlukeneyo zonyango. I-Hypnotherapy , i- aromatherapy , imifanekiso ekhokelwayo kunye ne- homeopathy ziphakathi kwezona zithandwa kakhulu. Nangona kunjalo, akuzona zonke ezi mpendulo eziye zavavanywa kakuhle. Ukuba ukhetha ukuphinda ufumane unyango olungakumbi lweengxaki zokukhathazeka kwentlalo, kungcono ukwenza oko kuphela phantsi kokhokelo lwabasebenzi bobugcisa bezempilo yengqondo kunye neengcali kwikhambi elikhethiweyo.
Ukuphila Ngenkxalabo Yokukhathazeka Kwezenhlalakahle
Ukuba unengxaki yokukhathazeka kwentlalo, ujamelana nemingeni efana nayo yokuphila kwansuku zonke njengalezo zonke ezinye izinto. Ngokuxhomekeke ekubandezelekeni kweengxaki zakho zokuxhalaba, usenokubangela ukucaphukisa okanye imeko ephazamisayo. Ngenxa yokuba ingxaki yokuxhalaba kwintlalo iquka ukwesaba ukuhlala kunye nabanye abantu, kunokubonisa nemingeni ekhethekileyo, ngakumbi kwiimeko ezinjengobudlelwane.
Ukuhamba ngentswelo yokuxhalaba kwintlalo kungaba ngumqobo. Ukuhamba ngokubambisana kubandakanya ukuthintana nabantu abasemzini, kunye nokunyaniseka kweendlela zokukhusela iinqwelo-moya ezinokuzikhusela. Uhambo oluhamba ngeendlela luya kuba lukhulu kakhulu, kodwa kuphela xa ukhululekile kakhulu kunye nabalingane bakho abahambahambayo.
Ingxaki yokuxhalaba kwezenhlalakahle inokubonakala ibonakala ngakumbi ngexesha leeholide zasebusika. Izitishi zokuthenga ezithengiweyo zigqityiwe ukugqithisela abantu abangaziwa ngokukhawuleza. Unokulindela ukuba wenze iindidi zeeholide eziphathwe ngabantu ongazikwazi. Nangona uthanda ixesha leholide, unokufumana imisebenzi enzima kunzima ukuyifeza.
Ngenxa yokuba ingxaki yokuxhatshazwa kwintlalo ingabangela ubunzima obuninzi kwimihla ngemihla, kubalulekile ukufuna uncedo lwezakhono ngokukhawuleza. Ingxaki yokuxhalaba kwezenhlalakahle iyakhathazeka kakhulu, kodwa ingashiywanga ingaphendulwanga, inokukhubaza kakhulu. Xhumana nomniki-mpilo wakho wengqondo ukuphuhlisa isicwangciso sonyango esisodwa.
Umthombo:
Umbutho wezeMpilo waseMerika. Inkxalabo yeNtlalo yokuXhalabisa ngengxaki. Meyi 2013.
Umbutho wezeMpilo waseMerika. (1994). Incwadana yokuxilonga kunye neenkcukacha zeengxaki zengqondo (4 Ed.) .