Xa ufumanisa i-phobia, iingcali zempilo yengqondo kufuneka zisebenzise izakhono zekliniki kunye nesigwebo kunye neloluhlu olubhaliweyo lweendlela zokuxilonga ezifumaneka kwi- Manual Diagnostic and Statistical Manual (DSM-IV; 4 Ed.). Uninzi lweempawu ze-phobias zifana nezinye zeengxaki zeengqondo kunye nezifo zenyama. I-phobia ingachazwa njengentswelo enkulu kwaye ingenangqiqo. Kukho iintlobo ezintathu ze-phobias, njengoko kuchazwe yi-DSM-IV: i-phobia ethile, i- phobia ye-social , ne- agoraphobia . Uhlobo ngalunye lwe-phobia lunemilinganiselo ekhethekileyo yokuxilonga.
Ukuxilongwa ngokungafani
Elinye lamanyathelo obalulekileyo ekuhloleni i-phobia sinquma ukuba impawu zichazwe bhetele ngenye ingxaki. I-Phobias inokulandelwa kwizinto ezithile, ukwesaba okukodwa ukuba abantu abadala abagulayo bayakubona bengenangqiqo.
Inyaniso yokuba ukwesaba ikhonkrit ihlukanisa i-phobias kwiintlungu ezifana nokukhathazeka okwenziwe ngabantu jikelele, apho uxhalaba lukhulu ngokubanzi. Abagulayo baseFobia banako ukuphawula into ethile okanye imeko abayixhalayo.
Ukukwazi ukubona ukwesaba ngokungenangqiqo kwahlukana neengxaki zokuxhalabisa kwiingxaki zengqondo ezifana ne- schizophrenia . Abantu abaneengxaki ze-psychotic bakholelwa ngokwenene ukuba uloyiko lusekelwe kwingozi engokoqobo, nangona uhlobo lwengozi lubonakala lungenangqiqo kwabanye.
Iimpawu eziqhelekileyo
Uhlobo ngalunye lwe-phobia luneenkalo ezikhethekileyo zokuxilonga. Nangona kunjalo, kukho ukugqithiswa. Inkqubo yokuxilonga efana nayo yonke i-phobias ibandakanya:
Ubomi-Ukulinganiselwa : I-phobia ayifumanekiyo ngaphandle kokuba ichaphazela ubomi obunzima ngandlela-thile.
Uphephe: Abanye abantu abanezifo ze-phobias ezixilwe kliniki banako ukunyamezela imeko eyoyikisayo. Nangona kunjalo, iinzame zokuphepha ukuthintela imeko ebaluleke kakhulu ekufumaneni i-phobia.
Ukuxhalabisa Okuxhalabileyo: Abantu abanama-phobias bahlala behlala kwiziganeko eziza kubakho into eyoyikwayo okanye imeko.
Ukuchonga iPhobia ecacileyo
Ukuze i-phobia ethile ifunyanwe, enye okanye izinto ezininzi okanye iimeko kufuneka zichongwe njengesizathu sokwesaba. Abantu abanama-phobias athile banesifo esithile sokukhathazeka, okwenza kube nzima ukuchaza ngokuchanekileyo ukuxilongwa.
Ukuchonga iPobia yeNtlalo
I-social phobia yindlela yokusebenzisana nabantu abangaqhelekanga kwiimeko zoluntu. I-social phobia inokuthi ibhekiselele kwimeko enye kuphela, okanye ingahle ifakwe jikelele ukuze ifake konke okanye isetyenziselwano sentlalo. Iimpawu ze-phobia ezinzulu zezentlalo zihlala zifana nezo zi-agoraphobia. Ukwahlukana kwimeko ebalulekileyo yokwesaba.Ukuchonga i-Agoraphobia
U-Agoraphobia ukwesaba ukuxinwa kwimeko apho uncedo okanye ukuphunyuka akufumaneki lula xa kwenzeka ukuhlaselwa kwesoyiki . Le meko ingaba nzima ukuyixilonga, ingakumbi kubantu abangahlangabezananga neendlela zokuxilonga.
Umthombo:
Umbutho wezeMpilo waseMerika. (1994). I-Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Disabilities (4th Ed.) . Washington, DC: Umbhali.