Kukho iingcamango ezininzi zengqondo ezisetyenziselwa ukuchaza nokucacisa iintlobo ezininzi zokuziphatha. Enye yezinto zokuqala ukuba umfundi omtsha ongokwenzululwazi angayiqaphela kukuba kukho iinqununu ezininzi zeengqondo ukufunda. I-theory ye-Psychoanalytics kaFreudson, i-theory ye-Psychology, i-Big Five theory kunye ne-Bandura ye-socialory theory yimizekelo embalwa engathi ivele ingqondweni.
Yintoni ngokwenene injongo yokuba neengcamango ezininzi zengqondo ?
Ezi ngcamango zikhonza inani leenjongo ezibalulekileyo. Makhe sibone ngezizathu ezintathu ezibalulekileyo zokuba kutheni iingcinga zeengqondo zikhona:
Iingcamango Zinikezela Isizathu Sokuqonda Ingqondo Nokuziphatha
Iingcamango zinika isakhelo sokuqonda ukuziphatha kwabantu, ingcinga kunye nophuhliso. Ngokufumana isiseko esibanzi sokuqonda malunga nokuba njani kunye nokuba kutheni ukuziphatha kwabantu, sinokuziqonda kakuhle thina nabanye.
Inkolelo nganye inikeza imeko yokuqonda into ethile yokuziphatha kwabantu. Iingcamango zokuziphatha, umzekelo, zinika isiseko sokuqonda indlela abantu abafunda ngayo izinto ezintsha. Ngokusebenzisa i-lens yale ngcamango, sinokujonga ngokuthe ngandlela kweendlela ezahlukeneyo zokufunda ezikhoyo kunye neemeko ezichaphazela lolu hlobo lokufunda.
Iingcamango ziyakhuthaza uphando lwexesha elizayo
Iingcamango zakha isiseko sophando olusasa.
Abaphandi basebenzisa iingcamango ukudala iingcamango eziza kuvavanywa. Njengoko kufunyanwa ezintsha izinto kwaye zifakwe kwi-theory yasekuqaleni, imibuzo emitsha kunye neengcamango zingacatshungulwa.
Iingcamango zinokuguquka
Iingcamango zitshintsha kwaye zihlala ziguquka. Njengoko kufunyanwa ezintsha izinto, iingcamango ziguqulwa kwaye ziguqulelwe ukuba zenze i-akhawunti ngolwazi olutsha.
Nangona amaxesha athile aphakanyiswa njengecatic and fixed, bavame ukuguquka ngokuhamba kwexesha njengoko uphando olutsha luhlolisiswa. Umxholo wokuqhotyoshelweyo, umzekelo, waqala ngomsebenzi kaJohn Bowlby noMary Ainsworth kwaye uye wanda kwaye wanda ukuquka iinkcazo ezintsha zeendlela zokudibanisa ezahlukeneyo.
Ambalwa amaPhulo aMacandelo
Kuye kwaba nenani leembono eziphambili ezithe zafumana impembelelo kwimbali yengqondo. Nanamhlanje, abaninzi abanokholo kwengqondo bavame ukugxininisa uphando lwabo ngokusebenzisa i-lens yeembono ezithile. Iingcamango zivame ukungena kwenye yeendidi ezimbalwa ezahlukeneyo.
- Iingcamango ezinkulu zizama ukuchaza ezininzi iinkalo zoluntu. Imizekelo ibandakanya i-theory ye-Psychoanalytic kaFranud kunye ne-Erikson yengqondo yeengqondo.
- Ngakolunye uhlangothi, gxininisa ekuchazeni nje imilinganiselo encinane yokuziphatha.
- Iingcamango ezigqithisileyo zizinto ezitsha kwaye ziquka ukudibanisa imiba eyahlukeneyo yeengcamango ezincinane. Inkolelo ye-socio yenkcubeko yeVygotsky ngumzekelo wenkolelo evelayo.
Eminye imizekelo yale ngcamango iquka:
I-Psychoanalytic Theory
Iingcamango ze - psychoanalytic zikaSigmund Freud zibonisa ukuba izibongozo ezingenanto kunye neminqweno ziqhuba ukuziphatha kwabantu.
Le ngcamango ibonisa ukuba ukuqonda ezi ngcamango ezifihliweyo kunye nokufihlakeleyo kunokunceda ukunciphisa iintlobo ezahlukeneyo zokungazinzi kwengqondo nokuxinzezeleka.
Inkolelo yokuziphatha
Iingcamango zokuziphatha zibonisa ukuba zonke iindlela zokuziphatha kwabantu zingachazwa yinkqubo yokufunda. Le ndlela yokusebenza kwengqondo yavela nomsebenzi kaJohn B. Watson , owayenomdla wokwenza i-psychology inzululwazi engakumbi ejolise kuphela kwimilinganiselo ebonakalayo kunye nokulinganisa. Uphefumlelwe ngumsebenzi we-physiologist waseRussia u-Ivan Pavlov, owayefumene kwaye wayichaza inkqubo yokumisa imeko yeklasi , uWatson wabonisa indlela iimpawu ezahlukileyo ezazingenziwa ngayo.
Umsebenzi kamva we-BF Skinner wazisa umongo wendawo yokusebenza , eyayijonga indlela ukuqinisekiswa kunye nezohlwayo ezikhokelela ekufundeni.
Intsingiselo yoPhuhliso lweCognitive
UJean Piaget wazisa elinye inkolelo enkulu eyaziwayo. Ingcamango yakhe yokuphuhliswa kwengqondo yachaza ukukhula kwengqondo kubantwana ukusuka ekuzalweni nasekubuntwaneni. Le ngqungquthela ibonisa ukuba abantwana benze izinto ezinjengeenkwenkwezi ezincinci njengoko zakha ngolwazi lwabo lwehlabathi.
Inkcazo yeNkcubeko yeCygotsky
Isazi sengqondo sengqondo saseRussia uLev Vygotsky sicebisa inkcazo yentlalo yenkqubela yentuthuko eyona mzekelo omhle wendlela amacebo amasha ayakha ngayo ekwakheni amaqhinga amadala. UPiaget wathonya uVygotsky, kodwa ingcamango yakhe yaphakamisa ukuba ezininzi zezifundo ziphumela ekusebenzisaneni okuqinileyo phakathi kwabantu kunye nenkcubeko yabo.