Isicwangciso sokuqonda sibhekisela kwisithuba sokuqonda izinto ngendlela ethile. Ngamanye amazwi, sihlala siqaphela nje iinkalo ezithile zezinto okanye imeko ngelixa sinyanzelise ezinye iinkcukacha.
Ukuqonda Iifayile zokuqonda
Xa kuziwa kwimibono yethu yehlabathi elikujikelezile, unokucinga ukuba oko ubonayo yiyo uyenayo. Kuthekani ukuba ndithe ndikuxelele ukuba indlela obona ngayo ihlabathi ithinteke kakhulu (kwaye iyancatshiswa) ngamava akho aphelileyo, izinto ezilindelekileyo, izizathu , iinkolelo, iimvakalelo , kunye nenkcubeko yakho?
Ngokomzekelo, cinga ngethuba lokugqibela uqalise iklasi elitsha. Ngaba unayo nayiphi na into enokulindela ekuqaleni kwakuba yathintela amava akho eklasini? Ukuba ulindele ukuba iklasi ibe yinto ehlekisayo, ngaba unganakuthandanga eklasini?
Kwiengqondo , oku kwaziwa njengendlela yokuqonda. Isicwangciso sokuqonda sisisiseko sokujonga izinto ngendlela ethile. Iisethi zengqiqo zinokuchaphazela indlela esichaza ngayo nokuphendula kwihlabathi elikujikelezayo kwaye sinokuchaphazelwa yimiba yezinto ezahlukeneyo.
Yiyiphi impazamo yokuqonda, kutheni kwenzeka ntoni, kwaye ithinta njani indlela esiyiqonda ngayo ihlabathi elisijikelezayo?
Iifayile zokuSebenza zisebenza njani?
Iingcali zengqondo zichaza njani iisethi zokuqonda?
"Iingcamango zingaphinde zithinteke ngokulindeleke komntu, iinjongo, kunye neminqweno yakhe. Ixesha elibhekiselele ekubhekiseleleni libhekisela kwisimo sokubona izinto okanye imeko ezivela kwisakhelo esithile," kuchaza ababhali uHockenbury noHockenbury kwincwadi yabo ye-2008 ethi Discovering Psychology .
Ngamanye amaxesha, iisethi zokuqonda zinokunceda. Zihlala zikhokelela ekubeni senze izigqibo ezichanekileyo malunga nento ekhoyo kwihlabathi elisijikelezayo. Kwiimeko apho sizifumana siphosakeleyo, sihlala siqulunqa iisethi ezintsha zokuqonda ezichanekileyo.
Nangona kunjalo, ngamanye amaxesha iinkqubo zethu zokuqonda zingakhokelela. Ukuba unomdla onamandla kwiinqwelo zomkhosi, umzekelo, ukubunjwa kwefu elingavaliyo kumgama kunokuthi kuchazwe njengempahla yeenqwelo zokulwa.
Ngomnye uvavanyo olubonisa ukuthambekela, abathathi-nxaxheba baveliswa ngamagama angafaniyo amagama, njengesiza. Abo babetshelwe ukuba babeya kufunda amagama anxulumene nomkhumbi bafunde igama elithi "umkhumbi," ngelixa abo babetshelwe ukuba balindele amagama anxulumene nesilwanyana bayifunde ngokuthi "itywina."
Ukusekwa kombono ngumzekelo omhle wento eyaziwa ngokuba yi -processing down-down . Ekusebenziseni okuphezulu-phambili, iingcinga ziqala ngokubanzi kwaye zihambela ngqo. Iimbono ezinjalo zichaphazeleke kakhulu kulindelwe kunye nolwazi olungaphambili. Ukuba silindele ukuba into ibonakale ngendlela ethile, sinokukwazi ukuyiqonda ngokubhekiselele kwizinto esilindele.
Iimpawu ezikhoyo, izikhokelo zengqondo, kunye neengcinga zihlala zikhokela iisethi zokuqonda. Ngokomzekelo, abantu banesicwangciso esinamandla ebusweni, okwenza kube lula ukubona ubuso obuqhelekileyo bomntu kwihlabathi elikujikelezayo. Kwakhona kuthetha ukuba xa sibheka umfanekiso ongenakulinganiswa, sinokubona njengobuso kunomnye uhlobo lwento.
Abaphandi baye bafumanisa ukuba xa izinto ezininzi zibonakala kwimeko ebonakalayo, iisethi zokuqonda ziya kubakhokelela abantu ukuba balahle izinto ezongezelelweyo emva kokufumana okokuqala. Ngokomzekelo, amagosa okukhusela isiza sekhuphaza angase abone ibhotile yamanzi ngesikhwama kodwa alahleke ukuba isikhwama sinezixhobo.
Amaqhinga okuchaphazela
- Iinjongo zingadlala indima ebalulekileyo kwiiseti zokuqonda kunye nendlela esichaza ngayo ihlabathi elisijikelezayo. Ukuba sihlawulela iqela lethu lezemidlalo eliyintandokazi, sinokukhuthazwa ukuba sibone amalungu eqela eliphikisayo njengobundlobongela, obuthathaka, okanye abangakwaziyo. Ngomnye uvavanyo lwama-classics, abaphandi banqabileyo abathathi-nxaxheba bokutya ngeeyure eziliqela. Xa ekuhambeni kamva baboniswa imifanekiso yezinto ezingamangalisa, abo babedla ngokutya babenokukwazi ukutolika imifanekiso njengezinto ezihlobene nokutya. Ngenxa yokuba belambile, babekhokelela kakhulu ukubona imifanekiso ngendlela ethile.
- Ukulindela kudlala indima ebalulekileyo. Ukuba silindele ukuba abantu baziphathe ngendlela ezithile kwiimeko ezithile, ezi zilindeleke zichaphazele indlela esibaqonda ngayo aba bantu kunye neendima zabo. Enye yeemvavanyo zakudala zempembelelo yokulindela kwiiseti zokuqonda ezibandakanyekayo kubonisa abathathi-nxaxheba ukuba uluhlu lwamanani okanye iileta. Emva koko, abathathi-nxaxheba baboniswa umfanekiso ongcolileyo onokuthi uguqulelwe njengenombolo 13 okanye ileta B. Abo babecinge ngamanani babekwazi ukuwubona nje ngo-13, ngelixa abo babecinga iileta babekho yibona njengeleta B.
- Inkcubeko ifuthe kwindlela esibajonga ngayo abantu, izinto kunye neemeko. Okumangalisa kukuba, abaphandi baye bafumanisa ukuba abantu abavela kwiinkcubeko ezahlukeneyo banokuqonda ukuqonda kunye nokujongwa ngendlela eyahlukileyo.
- Iimvakalelo zinokuba nomthelela omkhulu kwiindlela esiziqonda ngayo ihlabathi elisijikelezayo. Ngokomzekelo, ukuba sinobukrakra, sinokukwazi ukubona ubundlobongela kwabanye. Olunye uvavanyo lwabonisa ukuba xa abantu beza ukudibanisa i-syllable engenasiphelo ngokutshatyalaliswa kwamandla ombane, bafumana iimpendulo zomzimba kwisixokelelwano nangona xa kuboniswe ngokukodwa.
- Izimo zengqondo nazo zinokuba nefuthe elinamandla kumbono. Kwesinye isilingo, uGordon Allport wabonisa ukuba ubandlululo lunokuba nefuthe ekukhawulezeni ukuba abantu bahlule abantu beentlanga ezahlukeneyo.
Ubomi Bwenene
Abaphandi baye babonisa ukuba iisethi zokuqonda zingaba negalelo elikhulu kwimpilo yemihla ngemihla. Kwesinye isilingo, abantwana abancinci befunyanwa bejabulela iintlanzi zaseFransi xa bebanjelwe esikhwameni saseMcDonald kunokuba nje ibhegi emhlophe. Kwesinye isifundo, abantu abaxelelwa ukuba umfanekiso owaziwa ngokuba yi "Loch Ness monster" bekunokwenzeka ukuba babone isidalwa semfihleko emfanekisweni, ngelixa abanye bakujonga umfanekiso babone kuphela umthi womthi ovalwe.
Njengoko kuthethwe ngaye ngaphambili, ukusekwa kwethu ngokucacileyo ubuso bunamandla kangangokuba oko kusenza sibone ubuso apho kungekho. Khawucinge ngendlela abantu abahlala bechaza ngayo ukubona ubuso kwinyanga okanye kwizinto ezininzi ezingapheliyo esizihlangabezana nazo kwimpilo yethu yemihla ngemihla.
ILizwi
Njengoko ubona, ukuqonda akuyona nje umcimbi wokubona oko kusemhlabeni. Imiba eyahlukahlukeneyo inokusichaphazela indlela esithatha ngayo ulwazi kunye nendlela esiyichaza ngayo, kwaye iisethi eziqondayo ziphakathi kwezi zinto ezininzi.
> Imithombo:
> Biggs, AT, Adamo, SH, Dowd, EW, & Mitroff, SR. Ukuphonononga ukuqonda kunye neengcamango zokubekwa kweengcinga ekukhangekisweni okubonakalayo ekujoliswe kuyo. Ukuqwalasela, Ukuqonda, kunye ne-Psychophysics. 2015; 77 (3); 844-855.
> Myers, DG. Ukuhlola i-Psychology, I-Eighth Edition, Kwiimodyuli. ENew York: Macmillan; 2011.