ADDD yabantu abadala
Kwixesha elidlulileyo, i-ADHD (ukunqongophala kweengxaki / ukungabikho kwempilo) kwakucatshangelwa ukuba yimeko yokuba abantwana babenayo kwaye "baphuma" ngaphambi kokuba babe ngabantu abadala. Nangona kunjalo, ngoku siyazi ukuba i-ADHD yimeko eqhuba ubomi, ukususela ebuntwaneni ukuya ekuguga.
Ngokuqhelekileyo, iimpawu ze-ADD ziguqula ubomi bomntu, ubuncinane ngokwezinto abanye abangazigcina. Umzekelo, ukunyaniseka komntwana omncinci kubonakala komnye umntu ngenxa yokuba umntwana usebenza kakhulu.
Xa kuthelekiswa, umntu omdala angase abonakale ekhululekile kwaye esele. Oku kungenxa yokuba abadala bahlakulela izicwangciso zokuziphatha ukuze bahambisane nokulindela uluntu. Ukuxhatshazwa kusasaza, kodwa kuye kwangaphakathi.
Ngenxa yokuphulukana nokulahlekelwa / ukuxhatshazwa kwengxaki yimeko ye-neurological echaphazela ukukwazi ukugxila komntu, ukunyamekela nokulawula ukuziphatha (kubandakanya ukunyanzelisa), i-ADHD inokudala iingxaki kuyo yonke indawo yobomi abadala, kuquka ubudlelwane , umsebenzi, impilo kunye nemali .
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Izizathu Zokuba Kutheni Ukugcina Abahlobo Xa Unayo I-ADHD
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Ngaba Unokuthi Unxibelelwano Lonyango Uncedo Nge-ADHD?
Abantu badla ngokumangaliswa kwaye bakhululwe xa bebona ukuba ezinye zeendlela zabo zokuziphatha, ababecinga ukuba zibangelwa "zivila" okanye "zibudenge," zixhomekeke kwi-ADHD-ukuqonda ukuba, ngenxa yabanye, ivela emva kokukhula komntwana.
Kukho iintlobo ezahlukeneyo ze-ADHD, ezinokuchaphazela abantwana nabakudala. Oko i-ADHD ibonakala ngathi kuxhomekeke kulolu hlobo (okanye umntu omthandayo) ulawula.
Iimpawu ze-ADHD ye-Intenttentive in Adult
Uphazamiseka: Ingqondo yakho ingashenxeka xa usebenza kwintlanganiso okanye uphulaphula imiyalelo. Ngamanye amaxesha uhamba ngokukhawuleza ukukhupha umkhuhlane , kwaye ngamanye amaxesha uphazamiseka nangona uzama kunzima ukuhlawula.
Unenkathazo Ukuhlawula iinkcukacha: Oku kunokunika ingcamango yokuba awukhathazeki, okanye ukuba awuzami nzima.
Ulungelelaniswa: Unokufumana kunzima ukugcina indawo yakho yendalo imnandi. Mhlawumbi ufika kwiqeshwe wamazinyo ngosuku olungafanelekanga, okanye ukhangeleka "ukuphazamiseka" kwimeko yakho.
Unemiba yoLawulo lwexesha: Ixesha lihamba ngeendlela ezahlukeneyo xa une-ADHD. Oku kuthetha ukuba uhlala ufikelele ekuqeshweni, unikezele kwizabelo zomsebenzi kwiminithi yokugqibela, uze udibanise bonke abantu ukuba bahlangabezane nexesha elide.
Imemori Yakho Yimpofu: Yinto ehlekisayo phakathi kwabahlobo bakho ukuba awukhumbuli umhla wokuzalwa. Uhlala unesivakalelo sokuthi ulibele into ethile, kodwa awuqinisekanga ukuba yintoni. Xa ushiya indlu yakho, udla ngokuphindaphindiweyo kanye nantoni na into oyilihlileyo.
Unzima ukugqiba imisebenzi: Ukulungele ukuqala umsebenzi, kodwa ukugcina iinjongo kunye nokukhawuleza ukubona konke ukufikelela ekupheleni kunzima.
Awubonakali Ukuba Uphulaphule: Abantu bakugxeka ukuba abaphulaphuli xa bethetha nawe.
Ungakufumanisa nzima ukubheka ngokuthe ngqo kubo xa bethetha, kwaye oku kunika impembelelo ukuba awunomdla kwizinto abazithethayo.
Uyakugwema imisebenzi: Uzama ukuhlala phantsi usebenze kumsebenzi ofuna umzamo wengqondo, ingakumbi ukuba awunalo ixesha lokugqibela elikhoyo.
Ulahla Ukugxila Xa Uqhuba: Unamabhola amancinci kunye namathikithi okungayeki kwiimpawu zokuyeka ngenxa yokuphazamiseka.
Ufumana i-Mundane Task Inzima: Ufumana imisebenzi yokuphila eyisiseko, njengokuthenga izitolo, ukuhlamba okanye ukuhlutha isicocisi, inzima kakhulu. Oku kunokukwenza uzive kakubi ngawe, kuba wonke umntu 'kufuneka' akwazi ukwenza ezi zinto.
Iimpawu ze-Hyperactive-Impulsive ADHD kubantu abadala
Usoloko ukhangeleka ukuba uya kuhamba: Uneshedyuli epheleleyo kunye namandla amaninzi. Abantu bahlala becinga ukuba uncinci kuneminyaka yobudala bakho ngenxa yobukhulu obunamandla.
Unenkinga enzima Ukuhlala: Xa usengumntwana, mhlawumbi wanyuka ngamaxesha amaninzi xa ufanele uhlale uhleli.
Njengomntu omdala, ufunde ukuhlala, kodwa usenokufumana iindlela zokuhamba ngokugubungela unyawo lwakho okanye ukubetha iminwe yakho okanye ukudibanisa ipeni.
Uphazamisa Xa Abanye Bathetha: Ngenxa yokuba ingqondo yakho isebenza ngokukhawuleza, uqedela izivakalisi zabanye abantu okanye uphendule umbuzo ngaphambi kokuba uceliwe ngokupheleleyo. Ngamanye amaxesha uyaphazamisa kwaye uthethe ngenxa yokuba ukhathazekile uya kukulibala into ofuna ukuyenza ukuba ungatsho ngokukhawuleza.
Uncokola: Uyaziwa phakathi kwentsapho yakho kunye nabahlobo ukuba babe ncokola kakhulu. Usenokuthetha ngokukhawuleza kwaye ujabulele ukuxubusha.
Ufumana Ukulinda Kanzima: Ukulinda kunzima kuwe. Ingaba ulindele umhlobo ukuba afike, ekukhanyeni kwendlela, okanye kumgca kwisitoreji, uzive ukhululekile, ungazibekezelele kwaye unxunguke.
Uqhuba ngokukhawuleza kakhulu: Uyakuthanda ukusheshisa-kwaye udla ngokukhawuleza.
Awuyithandi Ukunyameka: Uphelelwa ngumonde 'ngabantu abacothayo'. Uphinde ukhawuleze ngemisebenzi, kubaluleke kakhulu, ukuba ubenze nabo.
Uziva Unqabile lwangaphakathi: Uziva unganeliseki xa ufunwa ukuba uphile ngokomzimba (umzekelo, kwindawo yokutyela okanye kwintlanganiso).
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Indlela yokunciphisa i-Sugar Intake Xa unayo i-ADHD
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ABANTU ABANTU ABANTU BANTU BANCEDA UKWENZA UKUQHELELA KWABAKHONA
Oku kunokuvakalelwa ngethuba ngamanye amaxesha.
Ukwenza izigqibo ngokukhawuleza: ngamanye amaxesha oku kulungile; ngamanye amaxesha kukushiya ukuzisola.
Uthi Izinto Ziyichukumisa: Uvame ukucaphukisa abantu kuba uthetha izinto ngaphandle kokuzicingela. Uthi 'uxolo' kakhulu. Mhlawumbi ushiye umsebenzi ngaphandle kokunika ingcamango yesibini.
I-ADHD yaxhaswa njani?
Ukufumana uvavanyo lwe-ADHD akulula nje ngokuba nokuhlolwa kwegazi okanye ukuzalisa umbuzo we-intanethi. Uvavanyo olunzulu lufunekayo. Oku kwenziwa ngunyango wezempilo owaziyo nge-ADHD kubantu abadala. Umsebenzi walo mntu ngexesha lokuvavanya kukugqiba isigqibo sokuba uhlangabezana neempendulo ze-ADHD njengoko kuchaziwe kwiNcwadana yokuHlola kunye neSatistim of Disabilities (DSM)-isisombululo esisemthethweni esisetyenziswayo eUnited States.
Ukuvavanywa kwenziwa ngokusebenzisa ama-questionnaires, izikali zokulinganisa, ukuhlolwa kweengqondo, kunye nodliwano-ndlebe kunye nokulinganisa ukugcinwa kwengqondo kunye nokuphazamiseka. Iimpawu ze-ADD zibukeka zifana nezinye iimeko ezifana nokudandatheka, ukukhubazeka kwe-bipolar, ukukhubazeka kokufunda, kunye neengxaki zokulala. Ngoko ke, inxalenye ebalulekileyo yenkqubo yokuvavanya kukuqinisekisa ukuba unayo i-ADHD, imeko eyahlukileyo, okanye i-ADHD kunye nemeko ekhoyo kunye kunye.
Ukushicilelwa kwangoko kwe-DSM (edition 5), epapashwe ngo-2013, iqwalasela indlela iimpawu ze-ADHD zijonga ngayo abantu abadala. Oku kunceda kakhulu, njengoko bekuvelelwa ukuba i-ADHD emdala yayinganakwa kwi-DSM yangaphambili.
ABAKHULU nabafazi abadala
Abasetyhini banakho amathuba okuba ne-ADHD engenakulingatha, okwakusisiseko ekuthethwa ukuba iimpawu zabo ze-ADHD zazinganakwa ebuntwaneni . Ootitshala nabazali babesazi ukuba ukuxhatshazwa kwaba ngumqondiso we-ADHD, kodwa ngaphantsi kwaziwa malunga ne-ADHD engayithobeliyo. Ukuba umntwana wayedlala okanye engahlanjulwanga, oko kwakucingelwa ukuba ngumlingana womntwana kunokuba i-ADHD. Ngenxa yoko, abaninzi abafazi (kunye namadoda athile) afunyaniswa ukuba abane-ADHD kamva ebomini.
Abasetyhini banakho nokuba ne-ADHD engabonakaliyo, nangona le nto ingaqhelekanga. Ukunyuka, intombazana inokuthi ichazwe njengengqungquthela ngenxa yamandla ayo, nangona xa i-ADHD yimbangela.
U-ADDD Odala uthathwa njani?
Imithi yindlela eqhelekileyo yokuphatha i-ADHD. Nangona kunjalo, akuyona indlela yodwa. Kukho ilizwi: "Iipilisi azifundisi izakhono." Oku kuthetha ukuba ukufunda i-ADHD-iindlela ezinobulungisa zokwenza imisebenzi yemihla ngemihla kuya kunceda. Izicwangciso ezininzi zonyango ziquka ukuhlanganiswa kweendlela, njengoko indlela nganye ikwandisa ukusebenza komnye. Ngokomzekelo, ukuthatha amayeza kunokukwenza kube lula ukuphumeza ukuziphatha okutsha.
Amachiza
Kukho amaqela amabini eyeza unyango wakho ugqirha: ukuvuselela kunye nokungakhuseli .
Ngamanye amaxesha abantu baqaphela ukuthabatha; la mayeza afumana uninzi lweengqalelo ezimbi kumaphephandaba. Nangona kunjalo, yilezi ziyeza zonyango ezijoliswe kwi-ADHD. Izikhuthazo ziyanciphisa ukunyanzeliswa kunye nokunyaniseka , kwaye kwandiswe ingqalelo. Kubalulekile ukuba usebenze ngokusondeleyo kunye nogqirha wakho ukufumana isilinganiselo esifanelekileyo kunye nokubika nayiphi na imiphumo oyingozi.
Amachiza angakhuseliyo anokunyulwa esikhundleni sokuba unyango olushukumisayo ukuba unembali yobunzima okanye unemiphumo emibi kakhulu xa uthatha imithi evuselelayo. Ngamanye amaxesha udibaniso lweemithi ezikhuthazayo kunye ezingenakuvuselela imiselweyo.
Ukucebisa
Kukho iintlobo ezininzi zeendlela zokucebisa. Kuye kwafunyanwa unyango lwe-Cognitive (CBT) ukuba luphumelele ekuphatheni i-ADHD. Ngoluhlobo lwonyango, ufunda iindlela ezintsha zokuziphatha kwihlabathi. Ukuzithemba okuphantsi kunye neentloni zivakalelwa ngabantu abadala abadala abane-ADHD, kunye ne-CBT yindlela efanelekileyo yokujongana nale miba.
Izindlela ezongezelelweyo zokunceda i-ADHD yakho
Kukho ezinye iindlela ezininzi onganciphisa imiphumo emibi ye-ADHD ebomini bakho. Ngokomzekelo, unakho ukufumana indawo yokuhlala kwindawo yokuhlala . Ungabandakanya ukuzilolonga ebomini bakho kwaye usebenzise iindlela zokunciphisa uxinzelelo. Ukwenza indlela yokuphila iguquka, ukwenzela ukuba ugxininise ngamandla akho, kuya kunceda.
> Imithombo:
> Antshel, KM, Hargrave TM, Simonescu M, Kaul P, Hendricks K, Faraone SV. Ngo-2011. Uphuhliso lokuqonda nokuThatha i-ADHD. I-BMC Medicine 9 (1): 72.
> Jensen, P. 2009. I-Methylphenidate kunye neZonyango zengqondo zodwa okanye eziManyeneyo ziNciphisa iziganeko ze-ADHD. Impilo-yengqondo eSebenzi 12 (1): 18.
> Kessler, RC, L. Adler, R. Barkley, J. Biederman, uCK Conners, O. Demler kunye no-2006. I- > Ukuxhatshazwa > kunye neCorrelates ye-ADHD yabantu abadala eUnited States: Iziphumo ezivela kwi-National Comorbidity Survey Replication. I-American Journal ye-Psychiatry 163 (4): 716-723.
> Kessler, RC, L. Adler, R. Barkley, J. Biederman, IziCon Conners, uLL Greenhill, kunye noT. Spencer. Ngo-2011. I-Prevalence and Correlates ye-ADHD yabantu abadala. Kwi- ADHD kwiBantu abadala; Ubume, Ukuxilongwa, kunye noTyango, olulungiswe nguJK Buitelaar, CC Kan, kunye no-P. Asherson. Cambridge, UK: I-Cambridge University Press.
> Treuer, T., SS Gau, L. Mendez, W. Montgomery, JA Monk, M. U-Altin et al 2013. Uhlolo oluhlelekile lweNyango yokuHlapha kunye ne-Atomoxetine yoNgcaliso-Ukusilahla / ukuxhatshazwa kwemiba, kuquka iMpawu zoMonde, amaCandelo okuPhatha, ukuPhumelela, kunye nokunyanzeliswa. Umbhalo we-Child and Adolescent Psychopharmacology 23: 179-193.