Imemori yexesha elide ibhekisela ekugcinweni kolwazi ngexesha elide. Ukuba unakho ukukhumbula into eyenzeka ngaphezu kwexesha elidlulileyo edlule nokuba lenzeke kwiiyure ezidlulileyo okanye kwimashumi eminyaka ngaphambili, ngoko imemori ende.
Olu lwazi lukhulu ngaphandle kolwazi lwethu kodwa lungabizwa kwimemori yokusebenza ukuba isetyenziswe xa kuyimfuneko.
Ezinye zeenkcukacha zilula ukukhumbula xa ezinye iinkumbulo zinzima kakhulu ukufikelela.
Azikho zonke iikhumbuzo zexesha elide ezenziwe zilinganayo, nangona kunjalo. Ulwazi olubaluleke kakhulu lubangela ukukhumbula okuqinileyo.
Unokukhumbula iziganeko ezibalulekileyo ezifana nomhla wakho womtshato okanye ukuzalwa komntwana wakho wokuqala ngokucacileyo ngakumbi kunye neenkcukacha kunokuba unakho iintsuku ezingaqhelekanga. Nangona ezinye iinkumbulo zikhunjulwa ngokukhawuleza, ezinye zibuthathaka kwaye zingadinga ukukhupha okanye izikhumbuzo ukuba zijolise.
Izikhumbuzo ezifumaneka rhoqo ziba namandla ngakumbi kwaye zilula ukukhumbula. Ukufikelela ezi nkcukacha ngokuphindaphindiweyo kuqinisa amanethiwekhi e-neural apho ulwazi lufakwe kwiikhowudi, okukhokelela ekukhunjuleni lula ulwazi. Ngakolunye uhlangothi, iinkumbulo ezingakhange zikhunjulwe kaninzi ngamanye amaxesha zinokuphelisa okanye zilahleke okanye zitshintshwe ngolunye ulwazi.
Isikhathi kunye nobuchule beMemori yexesha elide
Ngokusebenzisa inkqubo yobudlelwane kunye nokuhlaziya, umxholo weememori zesikhashana unokuba yimemori yesikhathi eside. Nangona imemori yexesha elide iphinde ikhunjulwe kwinkqubo yokulibala, iikhumbuzo zexesha elide zingadlulela kwimiba yeentsuku ukuya kwimizuzu emininzi.
Kukho inani lezinto ezinokuchaphazela ukuba ulwazi olude lugcina njani kwimemori yexesha elide. Okokuqala, indlela imemori eyayidibene ngayo kwindawo yokuqala ingadlala indima ebalulekileyo. Ukuba ubuqaphela kwaye uqaphele xa unamava, imemori iya kuba yinto ecacileyo ngakumbi.
Njengoko kukhankanywe ngaphambili, inani lexesha ofikelela kwimemori linokudlala indima kumandla kunye nobude bememori. Akumangalisi ukuba izikhumbuzo okufuneka uzikhumbule ngokuqhelekileyo zivame ukunamathela kwaye zomelele ngakumbi. Kungenxa yoko ukuphinda ulwazi ngokuphindaphindiweyo ngelixa ufunda lukhokelela ekukhunjuleni kangcono kwiimviwo.
Iintlobo zeMemori yexesha elide
Imemori yexesha elide ngokuqhelekileyo ihlukaniswe zibe zimbini iintlobo - imemori ecacileyo (ecacileyo) kunye nememori engabonakaliyo .
- Imemori ecacileyo , eyaziwayo njengeememori ezivakalisayo, ziquka zonke iimemori ezifumaneka kwi-consciousness. Imemori ecacileyo ingahlukana ngakumbi kwimemoridi yememori (imicimbi ethile) kunye nememori ye-semantic (ulwazi ngehlabathi).
- Inkumbulo ecacileyo yilabo abangenakuqonda. Olu hlobo lwenkumbulo lubandakanya imemori yenkqubo , equka ukukhumbula ukunyakaza komzimba kunye nendlela yokusebenzisa izinto kwindawo. Indlela yokuqhuba imoto okanye ukusebenzisa ikhomputha yimizekelo yeenkumbulo zenkqubo.
Iikhumbuzo zexesha elide Tshintsha
Imodeli yokucwangcisa ulwazi imemori ibonisa imemori yabantu ngokufana nekhompyutha. Ulwazi luya kwimemori yesikhashana (ivenkile yesikhashana) kwaye enye yale ngcaciso idluliselwa kwimemori yesikhathi eside (isitoreli esigxina), kufana nolwazi olugcinwe kwi disk ekhutshwe yikhompyutha. Xa ulwazi luyimfuneko, libizwa ngokuba ligcinwe kulokhu lokugcina ixesha elide usebenzisa imixholo yendalo, kufana nokufikelela kwifolda egcinwe kwikhompyutheni yakho.
Uphando olutshanje lubonisa ukuba iinkumbulo azigcinwa kwisimo esisigxina size sithathwe ngokucacileyo ngokucacileyo, nangona kunjalo, njengoko imodeli yokucwangciswa kolwazi kubonakala ibonisa.
Abaphandi baye bafumanisa ukuba iinkumbulo ziguqulwa rhoqo emva kokuba zifikeleleke.
I-Neurons yokuqala ibhala imemori kwi-cortex kunye ne-hippocampus. Njalo ixesha inkumbulo ikhunjulwa, kwakhona i-ikhowudi kwakhona ngokufanayo, kodwa engafaniyo, iqoqo le-neurons. Ukufikelela kwimemori kaninzi kunceda kubomeleze, kodwa uphando lufumene ukuba le khowudi ye-encoding ingaba nefuthe kwindlela okukhunjulwa ngayo ulwazi. Iinkcukacha ezifihlakeleyo zinokutshintsha, kwaye iinkalo ezithile zeememori zingasomelezwa, zinyanzeliswe okanye zilahleke ngokupheleleyo zixhomekeke kwii-neurons ezisebenzayo.
Nangona inkumbulo yexesha elide linomlinganiselo ongenamandla kunye nobude, le nkumbulo inokumangalisa kwaye iyakwazi ukutshintsha, ukungazi kakuhle , nokuphazamiseka. Isazi-memori uElizabeth Loftus uye wabonisa ukuba zikhumbuzwa njani iinkumbulo ezingamanga . Kwesinye sezilingo zakhe ezidumileyo, wayenako ukufumana ama-25 ekhulwini abathathi-nxaxheba ukuba bakholelwe kwimemori yamanga abaye balahlekelwa kuyo kwivenkile njengomntwana.
Kutheni imemori yexesha elide inokungabikho kwezi zinto ezichanekileyo? Kwezinye iimeko, abantu balahlekelwa iinkcukacha ezibalulekileyo malunga neziganeko. Ukuze uzalise le "ikhefu" ekhoyo ekwazini, ingqondo ngezinye iinkcukacha ivelisa iinkcukacha ezibonakala zinengqiqo. Kwamanye amaxesha, iinkumbulo ezindala zingaphazamisa ukubunjwa kwezinto ezintsha, okwenza kube nzima ukukhumbula oko kwenzeka ngokwenene.
Unokufunda ngakumbi ngezinye zeengxaki ezinkulu ngeememori , izizathu eziphambili zokuba sizibale izinto , kunye neendlela ezimbalwa ongayisebenzisa ukuphucula imemori yakho yexesha elide .