Njengokuba naliphi na umfundi onokukuxelela, ngamanye amaxesha kuthatha umsebenzi omningi kunye nemizamo yokwenza ulwazi kwimemori . Xa ufunda isifundo esikhulu, kunokuthatha iiyure zokusebenza ukuze ukhumbule oko ufundayo. Nangona kunjalo, ezinye iziganeko, iinkcukacha kunye namava angena kwimemori yethu ngenzame encinane okanye akukho mzamo. Ngokomzekelo, endleleni eya eklasini, unokuva ingoma echukumisayo yomsakazo kwirediyo.
Kwiintsuku kamva, uyazifumana uhlaziyelela loo nto.
Kutheni kubonakala ngathi ezinye izinto zinzima ukukhumbula kwaye ezinye izinto zilula kangaka? Uphi umehluko?
Imemori ecacileyo
Ulwazi olufunekayo ukuba usebenze ngokugqithiseleyo ukukhumbula luyaziwa njengememori ecacileyo , ngelixa ulwazi olukhunjulwayo olungenakuqonda nolwazi olunzima luyaziwa njengememori epheleleyo . Nangona uninzi lwengcaciso oyifumanayo ngememori lugxininisa ngokukodwa kwimemori ecacileyo, abaphandi baqhubeka banomdla kwindlela imemori esebenza ngayo kunye nendlela echaphazela ngayo ulwazi lwethu nokuziphatha.
Imemori ecacileyo
Xa uzama ukukhumbuza ngenjongo into ethile (njengefomula yeklasi yakho yamanani okanye uluhlu lwemigangatho yeklasi yakho), le ngcaciso igcinwa kwimemori yakho ecacileyo. Sisebenzisa le nkumbulo imihla ngemihla, ekukhunjuleni ulwazi lokuvavanya ukukhumbula umhla kunye nexesha lokuqeshwa kukagqirha.
Olu hlobo lweememori luyaziwa nangokuthi imemori yokuvakalisa ukuba uyakhumbula kwaye uyichaze ulwazi.
Eminye imisebenzi efuna ukusetyenziswa kwememori ecacileyo iquka ukukhumbula oko ufunde kwinqanaba lakho lezengqondo , ukukhumbula inombolo yakho yefowuni, ukuchonga ukuba ngubani umongameli wangoku, ukubhala iphepha lophando, ukhumbule ixesha lokuhlangana nomhlobo ukuya ibhayisikobho.
Iintlobo zeNkumbulo ecacileyo
Kukho iintlobo ezimbini ezibalulekileyo zememori ecacileyo:
- Imemori yeempawu : Ezi zikhumbuzo zakho zexesha elide zeziganeko ezithile, ezifana nento oyenzile izolo okanye ukugqweswa kwesikolo sakho esiphakeme.
- Imemori yeSemantic: Ezi yizikhumbuzo zeenyaniso, iingcamango, amagama kunye nolunye ulwazi jikelele.
Imemori
Izinto esizizame ukuzenza zikhunjulwe zigcinwe kwimemori yethu. Olu hlobo lwenkumbulo alunanto kwaye alubi. Imemori engabonakaliyo ngamanye amaxesha ibizwa ngokuba yimemori engabonakaliyo kuba awukwazi ukuyiqonda ngokucacileyo.
Izinkumbulo zenkqubo , ezifana nendlela yokwenza umsebenzi othile othi uguqula ibhola yebhola okanye ukwenza i-toast, luhlobo olulodwa lweememori ecacileyo kuba awukufaneli ukuba ukhumbule kakuhle indlela yokwenza le mi sebenzi. Nangona iikhumbuzo ezicacileyo azikhunjulwa ngokukhawuleza, ziyakuchaphazela indlela oziphatha ngayo kunye nolwazi lwakho lwemisebenzi eyahlukileyo.
Eminye imizekelo yememori ecacileyo iquka ukucula ingoma eqhelekileyo, ukuthayipha kwikhibhodi yakho yekhompyutha, ukuxubha amazinyo akho, nokuqhuba imoto. Ukukhwela ibhayisekile ngowomnye umzekelo omhle. Nangona emva kokuhamba iminyaka engakhange igibele enye, abaninzi abantu bayakwazi ukuhamba ngebhayisikili baze bawukhonze.
Ukubonakaliswa Kwendlela Umntu ngamnye Usebenza Ngayo
Nanku ukubonisa okukhawulezayo ukuba unokuzama ukubonisa indlela inkumbulo ecacileyo kunye ecacileyo isebenza ngayo. Thayipha isivakalisi esilandelayo ngaphandle kokujonga phantsi ezandleni zakho: "Yonke into ebomvu ibomvu ixhala." Ngoku, ngaphandle kokukhangela, zama ukumisela iileta ezilishumi ezibonakala kumgca ophezulu wekhibhodi yakho.
Mhlawumbi ufumene kulula ukuyifaka isivakalisi esingentla ngaphandle kokuba ucinge ngokucacileyo malunga nephi na nganye ileta ibonakala kwikhibhodi. Lo msebenzi ufuna imemori epheleleyo. Ukuba ukhumbule ukuba yiziphi iileta ezibonakala kumqolo ophezulu wekhibhodi yakho, nangona kunjalo, into efuna imemori ecacileyo.
Ekubeni mhlawumbi awuzange uhlale phantsi kwaye wenze ngenjongo yokuzikhethela ezo zitshixo kwimemori, akuyona into okwazi ukuyikhumbula ngokulula.
> Umthombo
- > Bauer PJ. Uphuhliso lweMemori. Ku: I-Neuroscience ePhezulu ngokuPhezulu: uPhuhliso lweeNyulo nophuhliso lweBhunga. URubenstein JLR, uRakic P, eds. Elsevier; 2013: 297-314. i-doi: 10.1016 / B978-0-12-397267-5.09994-5.