Ukuthetha ngonyango ngenye yeendlela eziqhelekileyo unyango lwee-phobias , nangona iindawo ezizodwa ziyahlukahluka ngokweemfuno zabaxhasi kunye nesikolo sombono wengcali.
Kuthetha ukuthini unyango?
Thetha unyango, owaziwa nangokuthi ngonyango lwe-psychotherapy, usekelwe kwingcamango engundoqo yokuba ukuthetha ngezinto ezikukhathazayo unokukunceda ukucacisa kwaye uzibeke ngendlela ebonakalayo.
Abanye bathetha abaphengululi balandela isikolo esithile sokucinga, njengengcamango yolwazi okanye ukuziphatha. Abanye basebenzisa indlela eclectic , iindlela zokudweba kunye nemigqaliselo evela kwimibono eyahlukeneyo.
Kwii-phobias ezithile, iingcali zengqondo yengqondo (njengengcali yeengqondo okanye umqondo wezifo zengqondo) ziya kusebenzisa intsebenziswano yezicwangciso zengqondo kunye nokuziphatha ezibandakanya ukuvezwa kwinto eyikiweyo okanye imeko kwiplani yonyango.
Ulwaphulo lweNtetho kunye noTyango lweMithi
Kukho impikiswano endala kwimpilo yengqondo malunga nokusetyenziswa kweyeza lokuthetha ngokuchasene neyeza lonyango . Ngokomzekelo wonyango , ukuphazamiseka kwengqondo kubangelwa zizizathu zomzimba kwaye kufuneka uphathwe ngamachiza, unyango okanye ezinye iinkqubo zonyango.
Abaxhasi bonyango lweenkolelo bakholelwa ukuba ukuphazamiseka kwengqondo kuxhomekeke ekuphenduleni kwimeko yendalo. Ngoko ke, banokuphathwa ngokuxubusha, ukusombulula ingxabano, ukuguquka kokuziphatha, kunye noshintsho ekucingeni.
Namhlanje, amaninzi amalungu ommandla wengqondo yengqondo avakalelwa kukuba inyaniso ilele kwindawo ephakathi. Ezinye iimeko zingabangelwa ziinguqu zenyama, kanti ezinye zibangelwa yimpikiswano kunye nokungahambi kakuhle. Uninzi lwemiba isekelwe kwintlangano yezinto. Ngenxa yoko, abaninzi abaphengululi baqwalasela isisombululo sonyango kunye nokuthetha ngokunyanga xa beceba isicwangciso sonyango.
Iinjongo zonyango
Injongo ephambili yoluphi uhlobo lweyeza kukunceda abathengi baphathe kakuhle ngempumelelo ngengxaki okanye imeko. Iinjongo zonyango ezithile zixhomekeke kumthengi ngamnye, iingcamango zeengcali kunye neemeko ezikhoyo. Injongo inokuba yikhonkrithi, njengokuyeka ukutshaya, okanye ngaphezulu okungabonakaliyo, njengokulawula komsindo.
Xa unyango lwentetho lusetyenziselwa unyango lwe-phobia, ngokubanzi kukho iinjongo ezimbini. Enye kukunceda abaxhasi banqobe ukwesaba. Injongo yesibini kukunceda umxhasi ukuba afunde ukulawula naluphi na ukwesaba okusele ukuze akwazi ukuphila ubomi obuqhelekileyo, obusebenzayo.
Ezinye iintlobo zonyango lwentetho zinenjongo yesithathu. Kwi- psychoanalysis kunye nemithi ehambelanayo, injongo kukufumanisa nokusombulula ingxabano eyabangela ukuba i-phobia okanye esinye isifo. Kwimiba yokuziphatha, iinjongo kukuxazulula iingxaki kwiintsebenziswano eziye zabangelwa okanye zinegalelo kwi-phobia okanye enye ingxaki.
Inkqubela
Ukuthetha unyango luqala ngokuqeshwa kokuqala, okubizwa ngokuba ngu- intanethi yongeniso . Ngethuba lo kuqeshwa, umxhasi uya kuchaza oko kumlethela unyango. Oku kwaziwa njengengxaki yokubonisa .
Umgqirha uya kubuza imibuzo ukukunceda ukucacisa uhlobo lwengxaki, kunye nobude balo nobuqili.
Uyazama kwakhona ukugqiba iinjongo zabaxhasi zonyango. Ekupheleni kwiseseshoni yokuqala, umgqirha uya kuba nokuqala kwiplani yonyango , nangona abaninzi beengcali ziza kulinda kwiseshoni yesibini ukubonelela ngesicwangciso esongezelelweyo kumthengi. Abanye abaphengululi bakhetha ukugcina isicwangciso sonyango njengesiqinisekiso sobodwa kodwa bengabonakali kumxhasi ngaphandle kokuba kucelwe.
Nangona isicwangciso sonyango, umxhasi kufuneka ahlale elawula ukunyuswa kweyeza lakhe. Umcimbi ungadinga iiseshoni ezininzi okanye ezimbalwa kunokuba zicwangciswe ekuqaleni. Amalungu entsapho okanye abahlobo bangamenywa ukuba bajoyine kwiiseshoni ezithile.
Izixhobo ezincedisayo, ezinjengamaqela okuxhasa , zinokucetyiswa.
Itheyibhile yeNtetho yeNtetho
Nangona intetho yonyango isetyenziswa ngokuphindaphindiweyo ngomnye, unyango lwentetho lwentetho lunokusebenza. Ngonyango lwamaqela emveli, ubukho beqela lidlala indima ephambili. Eyaziwa ngokuba yindawo yokwelapha , indawo yendalo yenziwa ngaphakathi kweqela elibonelela ngesakhiwo, inkxaso kunye nesimo sokukhusela. Kwimeko ekhuselekileyo neyithembayo, amalungu eqela ahlala ekwazi ukuveza iimvakalelo, ukuhlangabezana neendlela zabo ezimbi, nokuzama ukuguqula indlela yokuziphatha.
Kakade, kuthatha ixesha kunye nomgudu wokwakha ingqiqo yoluntu. Ukuthandwa kwonyango olutshanje kuye kwabangela indlela eyahlukeneyo yeyeza-iqela. Ixesha elilinganiselwe kukuhlwa omnye okanye mhlawumbi ngeveki, iisemina zingabonwa njengeyilithi yonyango ngalinye. Ezi seseshoni zeeklasi ezincinane zisebenzisa iindlela zokwenza unyango oluthile oluxhomekeke kubantu abaninzi. Ukusekwa kweqela ngokukodwa kungabalulekanga, ngaphaya kokuzithemba okuza kuphuhliswa ekuboneni abanye bephumelele ukulwa nemibandela yabo.
Imithombo:
UJensen, Jay, uBergin, uAllen kunye namaGreaves, uDavid. Injongo ye-eclecticism: Uphando olutsha kunye nokuhlaziywa kwamacandelo. I-Psychology yoBugcisa: Uphando kunye nokuSebenza , iNdlu 21 (2), kuMatshi 1990, 124-30.
> McCabe RE, uSsinson R. (2015). I-Psychotherapy kwi-phobias ethile kubantu abadala. Ku: UpToDate, Stein MB (ed), UpToDate, Waltham, MA.