Ukungenelela kwengqondo kusetyenziswa rhoqo kunyango lweengxaki zesifo . Ezinye iindlela eziqhelekileyo ezicatshangelwa ukuba zinenzuzo ekunciphiseni ukuhlaselwa kweentlanzi kunye neempawu ze- agoraphobic ziquka:
I-Treatment of Conduct Practicing (CBT)
Ukunyanga kwengqondo yokuziphatha (CBT) kugxininise ukubaluleka kokuziphatha nokucamngca iinkqubo ekuqondeni nasekulawuleni ukuxhalaba nokuhlaselwa.
Ugxininiso lwonyango lunokungabikho, ukuphazamiseka, nokuziphatha okulimazayo kunye neengcamango ezingenangqiqo ezifaka isandla ekuqhubekeni kweempawu. Ngokomzekelo, ukukhathazeka okungalawulwayo (iingcamango) malunga noko kunokuthi okanye akunakwenzeka ntoni ukuba uhlaselwa ngentshutshiso kunokukhokelela ekukhuseleni imeko ethile (ukuziphatha).
I-CBT iye yafundiswa ngokwesayensi kunyango lweengxaki zesifo. Uphando lucebise ukuba olu hlobo lonyango lunempumelelo ekunciphiseni ezininzi iimpawu zentsapho kunye nexhala. Ukuba usebenzisa amacandelo e-CBT, lindele ukusebenzela ukuguqula iingcamango nezenzo zokufumana iziphumo ezikhawulezayo ekukhuleni amandla okulawula iimpawu zakho.
Ukuguqulwa kokuziphatha kokuCognitive
UDonald Meichenbaum, i-Ph.D., isazi sezengqondo esichazwe ngeminikelo yakhe kwisifo sokuziphatha kwengqondo. Wenza ukuguqulwa kokuziphatha kwengqondo (CBM), egxininise ekuboneni ukuzithethelela okungekho msebenzi ukuze utshintshe ukuziphatha okungafunekiyo.
Imiboniselo ye-Meichenbaum yokuziphatha njengemiphumo yeziqu.
Ukuphazamiseka kwamanxeba, i-agoraphobia okanye ezinye iintlungu ezixhalabisayo zivame ukuphumela kwimizekelo ethile yokucinga kunye nokuziphatha okungathiye ukukhupha. Kodwa, ukuba utshintshe iingcamango zakho, indlela osabela ngayo kwiimeko ezixhalabisayo ziya kutshintsha kwakhona.
I-Rational Emotive Treatment Practice (REBT)
I-rational treatment emotional behavior (REBT) yindlela yokuziphatha engqondweni yokuphuhliswa ngu-Albert Ellis, Ph.D. I-REBT iyaziwa ukuba isebenza kakuhle kunyango lweengxaki ezahlukeneyo zokuxhalabisa. Iindlela zokuqonda kunye nokuziphatha ezisetyenziswa kwi-REBT ziye zabonisa ukuphumelela ekuphatheni ingxaki yokuphazamiseka.
Kucingwa ukuba ngumkhulu ka-CBT, u-Ellis waqulunqa ubuchule bakhe ukuze afundise izigulane zakhe ukuba zibone kwaye ziphikisana "neenkolelo ezingenangqiqo" okanye iingcamango ezingathandekiyo ezazikholelwa ukuba zibangele iingxaki zabo zengqondo.
I-Psychodynamic Treatment (Focic-Focused Psychodynamic Treatment) (PFPP)
I-Psychothrapiki ye-psychodynamic egxininiswe yintlanzi yindlela yokonyango yokuphazamiseka kwengxaki esekelwe kwiingcamango ezithile ze-psychoanalytic. Ngokubanzi, ezi ngcamango zicinga ukuba abantu bachazwa ngamava okuqala abantu kunye nokuba iinjongo ezingenaziphumo kunye neengxabano zengqondo ziyingundoqo yokuziphatha kwangoku. Ingqondo engqondweni, okanye i-subconscious, yindawo yokufihla imizwa ebuhlungu. Izindlela zoKhuselo zigcina ezi zifihlakeleyo iimvakalelo ezibuhlungu, kodwa ukuba ezi ntliziyo zibuhlungu zingeniswa kwingqondo engqondweni, ziyakwazi ukujongana nazo kwaye iimpawu zesifo sokuphazamiseka kunye neendlela zokuziphatha ezinxulumene nazo zinokupheliswa okanye zinciphise.
Ulwaphulo lweqela
Ngokwe-American Psychiatric Association, iinzuzo zonyango lweqela zingabandakanya:
- Ukuhlazeka kwehlazo nokunyanzela ngokubonelela ngamava nabanye abaneempawu ezifanayo kunye nobunzima;
- Ukubonelela ngamathuba okufakela imodeli, ukukhuthazwa kunye nokuqiniswa kwamanye amalungu eqela; kwaye
- Ukubonelela ngokusingqongileyo kwimeko yezigulane ezinokwesaba ukuba neengxaki zeentlungu kwiimeko zoluntu.
Amaqabane kunye neNtsapho yamayeza
Iimpawu zesifo sokuphazamiseka zingathintela ubudlelwane phakathi kwamalungu entsapho okanye abanye abantu abalulekileyo. Ulwaphulo lweentsapho ukujongana neemfuno zokuxhomekeka kumntu ogxekayo, inkxalabo yokuxhaswa, ukunxibelelana kunye nemfundo inokuba luncedo njengonyango oluthatywayo.
Akunconywa ukuba unyango lwentsapho lube yintlupheko yonyango kulabo abanengxaki yokuphazamiseka.
Imithombo:
UCorey, uGerald. (2012). Iingcamango nezenzo zokucebisa kunye ne-psychotherapy, 9th, eBelmont, CA: Thomson Brooks / Cole.
I-Kaplan MD, uHarold I., kunye noSadock MD, uBenjamin J. (ngo-2011). I-Kaplan ne-Sadock's Synopsis ye-Psychiatry: I-Sciences besimilo / i-Clinical Psychiatry, 11, i-Philadelphia: i-Wolters Kluwer.