Ingaba isebenza kanjani?
Ulwaphulo olusisiseko sengqondo, olubizwa ngokuba yi-REBT, luhlobo lonyango oluthile lokuziphatha oluveliswa ngu-Albert Ellis wengqondo. I-REBT ijolise ekuncedeni abathengi batshintshe iinkolelo ezingenangqondo.
Masiqwalasele ngokuthe ngqo indlela yokuziphatha okucetyiswayo kunye nokusebenza kwayo.
Imbali ye-Rational Emotive Treatment behavior
Njengomfana, u-Ellis wafumana ukulangazelela ubudlelwane kodwa wayethusa kakhulu ukuthetha nabafazi.
Ukuze alwe noloyiko lwakhe, u-Ellis wanquma ukwenza umsebenzi. Kwaphela inyanga, watyelela ipaki eseduze waza wanyanzelisa ukuba athethe nabesifazane abahlukeneyo abangama-100. Ekuhambeni kwexesha, u-Ellis wafumanisa ukuba ukwesaba kwakhe ukuthetha nabafazi kwakuncipha kakhulu. U-Ellis kamva wachaza ukuba eli lizwe lisebenza njengesizathu sokuphuhlisa indlela yakhe yokwenza unyango, ukudibanisa izicwangciso zokuziphatha ngokuvavanya iingcamango ezingundoqo kunye neemvakalelo.
U-Ellis wayeqeqeshwe njengengcali yeengqondo . Njengoko wayiphatha izigulane, waba ngakumbi enganelisekanga ngemiphumo eyenziwa yindlela yokwakheka kwengqondo yengqondo eyayisetyenziswa ngexesha. Uphawula ukuba ngelixa izigulane zakhe zikwazi ukuqonda iingxaki zabo, iingxaki zabo azizange zitshintshe ngenxa yoko. Ukuqaphela nje ingxaki kwakungekho ngokwaneleyo ukukhokelela ekutshintsheni kwangempela ekuziphatheni, waphetha.
Ngama-1950, u-Ellis wayeqalise ukuzama ezinye iintlobo zengqondo ye-psychotherapy kwaye wayechaphazeleke kakhulu ngabafilosofi kunye neengqondo zengqondo kuquka uKaren Horney no- Alfred Adler kunye nomsebenzi weengcali zokuziphatha.
Injongo ka-Ellis yayikukuhlakulela oko ayekujonga njengendlela yokwenza isingeniso kwisifo sengqondo esenzelwe ukuvelisa iziphumo ngokuncedisa abathengi ukulawula iimvakalelo zabo, iingcinga kunye nokuziphatha.
Ngokutsho kukaEllis, "abantu abaphazamiseki ngezinto kodwa kunokuba babone izinto." Ukuqinisekiswa okubalulekileyo kwindlela yokwelapha ye-emotion emotion (REBT) kukuba indlela abantu abavakalelwa ngayo ithandwa kakhulu yindlela abacinga ngayo.
Xa abantu benokholo olungenangqiqo malunga nabo okanye ihlabathi, iingxaki zibangelwa. Ngenxa yoko, injongo ye-REBT kukunceda abantu batshintshe iinkolelo ezingenangqiqo kunye neepatheni zokucinga ezimbi ukuze banqobe iingxaki zengqondo kunye nokukhathazeka kwengqondo.
Ulwaphulo lokuziphatha olusisiseko sengqondo luseyinye yezinto zokuqala zonyango. U-Ellis waqala ukuhlakulela i-REBT ekuqaleni kwee-1950 kwaye ekuqaleni wayebizwa ngokuba yindlela yokwenza unyango. Ngowe-1959, le ndlela yabuyisela kwakhona unyango olusisiseko sengqondo kwaye emva koko yaphinde yavelisa uphando lwezobuchopho zengqondo ngo-1992. U-Ellis waqhubeka esebenza kwi-REBT de wafa ngo-2007 .
I-ABC Model
U-Ellis ucebise ukuba abantu baphosise ngephutha iziganeko zangaphandle zokungonwabi. Kodwa-ke, waphikisana, ukuba ukutolika kwethu kwezi ziganeko zikhokelela ngokwenene entliziyweni yethu yokukhathazeka kwengqondo. Ukucacisa le nkqubo, u-Ellis wakhula into awayebhekisela kuyo njenge-ABC Model:
- I-A-Activating Event: Into eyenzekayo kummandla ojikelezile.
- B - Iinkolelo: Unokholo malunga nesiganeko okanye imeko.
- C - Isiphumo: Unempembelelo yakho kwimfundiso yakho.
Iziganeko kunye neemeko abantu abajamelana nazo ebomini ziyingxenye enye yepuzzles.
Ukuze kuqondwe impembelelo yeziganeko ezinjalo, kubalulekile ukubheka iinkolelo zabantu abazibambileyo ngala mava kwakunye neemvakalelo ezivela ngenxa yezo nkolelo.
Izisiseko eziSisiseko kwiNyango yokuThunywa koBomi
Ukuze uqonde kakuhle indlela i-REBT ibonakala ngayo, kubalulekile ukujonga ngokuthe ngqo indlela inkqubo yokwelapha ngokwayo.
1. Ukuchonga iziTekisi kunye neenkolelo ezingekho phantsi koMgaqo
Isinyathelo sokuqala kwinkqubo kukuchonga iingcamango ezingenangqondo, iimvakalelo kunye neenkolelo ezikhokelela ekukhathazeni kwengqondo. Kwiimeko ezininzi, iinkolelo ezingenangqiqo zibonakaliswa ngokungenanto, njengoko "ndimele," "ndifanele," okanye "andinako." Ngokutsho kuka-Ellis, ezinye zeenkolelo eziqhelekileyo ezingenanto ziquka:
- Uvakalelwa ngokugqithiseleyo ngenxa yeziphambeko zabanye okanye ukungaziphathi kakuhle.
- Ukukholelwa ukuba kufuneka ube ngama-100 epesenti kwaye uyaphumelela kuyo yonke into ekufuneka uyixabise.
- Ukukholelwa ukuba uya kuba nolonwabo ngakumbi xa ukhusela ubunzima beengxaki okanye ubunzima.
- Uvakalelwa kukuba awukwazi ukulawula ulonwabo lwakho; ukuba ukwaneliseka kunye nenjabulo kuxhomekeke kwimikhosi yangaphandle.
Ngokubamba iinkolelo ezinjalo ezingenakunqanda, kuba nzima ukuphendula kwiimeko kwiimeko zengqondo. Ukufumana ukulindela okunzima kwethu kunye nabanye kubangela ukudideka, ukuhlaziya, ukuzisola kunye nokuxhalabisa.
2. Umngeni weenkolelo ezingenangqiqo
Emva kokuba ezi zinto zifunyenwe, isinyathelo esilandelayo kukukhawuleza iinkolelo eziphosakeleyo. Ukuze wenze oku, ugqirha kufuneka aphikisane nale nkolelo ngokusebenzisa iindlela ezichanekileyo kunye neendlela ezijongene nazo. U-Ellis wacetyisa ukuba kunokuba nje ufudumale kwaye uncedise, ogqirha kufuneka abe mhlophe, uthembeke, kwaye anengqiqo ukuze achukumise abantu ekutshintsheni iingcamango zabo nokuziphatha kwabo.
3. Ukufumana iNgqiqo nokuqonda Iifomathi ezicingayo
Njengoko unokucinga, i-REBT ingaba yinkqubo ebangelisayo kumxhasi. Ukujongana neendlela zokucinga ezingenangqiqo kunokuba nzima, ngakumbi kuba ukuvuma ezi nkolelo njengento engafanelekanga akulula. Xa umthengi echongile iinkolelo ezinengxaki, inkqubo yokutshintsha ngokuqinisekileyo le ngcamango ingaba nzima nakakhulu.
Nangona kusemgangathweni ukuba uzive ukhululekile xa wenza iphutha, injongo yokuphulukana neengqondo zengqondo kukunceda abantu baphendule kwiimeko ezinjalo. Xa ujongene nale hlobo leemeko kwixesha elizayo, impendulo enempilweni yempilweni yayiza kuba kukuqonda ukuba ngelixa kulungile ukuba uphumelele kwaye ungalokothi wenze iimpazamo, akunakwenzeka ukuba ulindele ukuphumelela kuyo yonke into. Wenze iphutha, kodwa kulungile kuba wonke umntu wenza amaphutha ngamanye amaxesha. Konke onokukwenza ukufunda kwimeko kwaye uqhubeke.
Kwakhona kubalulekile ukuqaphela ukuba ngelixa unyango olushukumisayo lwe-emotion lusebenzisa amacebo okuqonda ukuze kuncede abathengi, lujolise kwiimvakalelo kunye nokuziphatha. Ukongezelela ekuboneni nasekuphikeleni iinkolelo ezingenangqondo, abagqirha kunye nabaxumi nabo basebenzisana kunye ukujolisa iimpendulo zengqondo ezihamba neengcamango ezinengxaki. Abaxhasi banokukhuthazwa ukuba batshintshe ukuziphatha okungafunekiyo basebenzise izinto ezifana nokucamngca , ukupapashwa, kunye nesithombe esikhokelwayo.
ILizwi
I-REBT inokusebenza kwonyango lweengxaki zeengqondo ezibandakanya ukuxhalaba kunye neepbibi kunye neziphathamandla ezithile ezifana nokunyaniseka okukhulu kunye nokufunwa kwemvume.
Imithombo:
U-Ellis, A. Isizathu kunye nemvakalelo kwi-psychotherapy. ENew York: uCarol; 1991.
U-Ellis, A. Uqikelelo kwi-Rational-Emotive Therapy. I-Journal ye-Consulting ne-Clinical Psychology, 61, 199-201; 1993.
U-Ellis, A & Dryden, W. Isiqhelo se-Rational Emotive Treatment behavior. ENew York: Springer Publishing > Inkampani, Inc .; 1997.