U-Albert Ellis wayengumbhali weengqondo ochaphazelekayo oye wavelisa unyango olushukumisayo lokuziphatha. Wadlala indima ebalulekileyo kwinguqulelo yengqiqo eyenziwa kwintsimi ye-psychotherapy kwaye yanceda ithonya lokunyuka kweendlela zokuziphatha njengendlela yokwelapha. Ngokomnye uphando lwezengqondo zengqondo, u-Ellis wayebekwe njengesibili sengqondo sengqondo emva kweCarl Rogers kunye no-Sigmund Freud.
"UFrud wayenomdla wokungazi kakuhle, kwaye ndicinga ukuba ndinomdla wokusebenza kakuhle. Ukuba andizange ndibe ngumbhali, ndiza kuba ngongcali. " - U-Albert Ellis, ngo-2001
Eyaziwa kakhulu
- Uphuhliso olusisiseko sengqondo
- Kubhala ngobuntu ngesini
- I-ABC Model
- Omnye wabasunguli bezonyango zokuziphatha kwengqondo
Ukuzalwa nokufa:
- Wazalelwa: Septemba 27, 1913
- Wafa: uJulayi 24, 2007
Ubomi bomntu
U-Albert Ellis wazalelwa ngo-1913 e-Pittsburgh, ePennsylvania, ngowona mdala kunabo bonke abathathu abantwana. Kamva wachaza uyise njengongenasiphelo kunye nonina njengomoya ode. Ekubeni abazali bakhe babenqabile ngeenxa zonke, wayehlala ehlala enakekela abantwana bakhe. U-Ellis wayesoloko egula ebuntwaneni bakhe. Phakathi kweminyaka emi-5 no-7 ubudala, kuthiwa wayebhedlele kwizihlandlo ezisibhozo ezahlukeneyo. Elinye lala ma-hospitali lahlala ngaphezu konyaka, ngexesha apho abazali bakhe babengavakali ukutyelela okanye banikezele induduzo nenkxaso.
Ngoxa wayehlala eyaziwa ngokunyaniseka kwakhe kwaye wachazwa ngokuba ngu "uLenny Bruce weengqondo zengqondo," u-Ellis uyakhumbula ukuba wayenentloni xa esemncinci. Ngo-19, wazama ukutshintsha indlela yakhe yokuziphatha waza wanyanzelisa ukuba athethe naloo nto ibhinqa adibana nayo ebhentshini epaki kufuphi nekhaya lakhe. Enyangeni enye, wathetha nabesifazane abangaphezu kwe-130 kwaye ngoxa wayephelile nje ukufumana usuku olulodwa, wafumanisa ukuba wayenomdla kwaye akazange esabe ukuthetha nabasetyhini.
Wasebenzisa indlela efanayo yokufumana uloyiko lokuthetha koluntu.
Imitshato yakhe yokuqala neyesibini iphelile ekutshitshweni kunye nokuqhawula umtshato. Ubudlelwane bakhe bominyaka engama-37 kunye nomlawuli weSikolo sase-Albert Ellis lwaphela ngo-2002. Ngo-2004, watshata nomoya weengqondo wase-Australia uDebbie Joffe. U-Ellis wasweleka ngo-2007 emva kokugula okude.
Umsebenzi
Emva kokugqiba esikolweni esiphakeme, u-Ellis waqhubeka nokufumana i-BA kwiBhizinisi kwiKholeji yaseSixeko saseDowntown eNew York ngo-1934. Wachitha ixesha elide ekuqhubekeni kwimiba yezoshishino, kwaye kamva wazama umsebenzi njengomlobi wenkolelo. Emva kokumelana nazo zombini, wagqiba ekubeni atshintshe iigesi ukuze afunde i-psychology aze aqale iPhD. kwi-Psychology ekliniki e-Columbia University ngo-1942. Wathola i-MA yakhe yesifundo kwi-psychology ye-kliniki ngo-1943 kunye neFP. ngowe-1947.
Uqeqesho luka-Ellis kunye nokuqhelanisa kwakhe lwaluse-psychoanalysis , kodwa kungekudala wakhula enganelisekile kwaye wabona njengobuthathaka bendlela ye-psychoanalytic - ukungahambi kakuhle nokungahambi kakuhle. Echaphazelwa yimisebenzi yabantu abanjengoAlfred Adler , uKaren Horney , noHarry Stack Sullivan, u-Ellis waqala ukuhlakulela indlela yakhe yokusebenza kwengqondo. Ngama-1955, wachaza indlela awayebhekisela kuyo njenge-Rational Treatment. Le ndlela igxininise indlela echanekileyo kunye neyosebenzayo kunyango apho uphando lwabaxhasi lwanceda umxhasi ukuba aqonde iingcinga ezingenangqiqo ezikhokelela ekubandezelekeni ngokomzwelo nangokwengqondo.
Namhlanje, indlela iyaziwa ngokuba yinkqubo yokuphucula ukuziphatha , okanye i-REBT.
U-Ellis naye wabhala into eninzi malunga nokuziphatha ngokwesini. Waqala ukubona abathengi ngaphambi kokuba azalise i Ph.D. Ngelo xesha, kwakungekho ilayisenisi esemthethweni yeengqondo ze-psychology ezifunekayo kwimeko yaseNew York.
U-Ellis wagcinwa ishedyuli yomsebenzi onzima kuze kube sekupheleni kobomi bakhe. Waqhubeka esebenza nakubhekene neengxaki ezininzi zezempilo, ebona izigulane ezingama-70 ngeveki.
Igalelo kwiNzululwazi
Nangona i-REBT idla ngokuchazwa njenge-off-shoot of CBT, umsebenzi ka-Ellis wawuyinxalenye yenguqu yenkqubela yokuqonda kwaye wancedisa ukufumana kunye noovulindlela bokuziqhelanisa nokuziphatha.
Ngokuqhelekileyo uchazwa njengomnye wabalingani ababalaseleyo kwimbali yengqondo. Ngolunye uphando olwenziwa ngo-1982 lweengqondo zeengqondo, wayekhethwe njengesihlandlo sesibini esithintekayo kwengqondo kwimbali ( uCarl Rogers wangena kwinombolo eyodwa, ngoxa uSigmund Freud wangena kwinombolo yesithathu).
U-Ellis naye wabhala iincwadi ezingaphezu kwe-75, ezininzi zazo zaba ngabathengisi abafanelekileyo. Kwimpembelelo yakhe kwintsimi ye-psychotherapy, i- Psychology namhlanje iphakamisa ukuba "Akukho mntu-nangona noFreud ngokwakhe-uye waba nempembelelo enkulu kwi-psychotherapy yanamhlanje."
Iincwadi ezikhethiweyo
Ellis. A. (1957). Indlela Yokuphila Neurotic . Oxford, eNgilani: Abapapashi beCrown.
Ellis, A. (1958). Ubundlobongela Ngaphandle Kokugwetywa NY: Hillman.
Ellis, A. (1961). Isikhokelo sokuPhila ngokuQinisekisa . Englewood Cliffs, NJ, i-Prentice-Hall.
Ellis, A. & Greiger, R. (1977). I-Handbook ye-Rational-Emotive Therapy . NY: Springer Publishing.
Ellis, A. (1985). Ukulwa noShatshazo: Uphuhliso olusisiseko sengqondo kunye nabaxhasi abanzima . NY: Springer.
Ellis, A. & Chip, R. (1998). Indlela Yokulawula Umsindo Wakho Ngaphambi kokuba Ilawulwe Wena , kunye noRaymond Chip Tafrate. Citadel Press.
Ellis, A. (2003). Ubundlobongela Ngaphandle Kokugwetywa Ngekhulu Lama-21 . Barricade Books.
Ellis, A., Abrams, M., & Abrams, L. (2008). Iingcamango zobuntu: Iimpembelelo ezibalulekileyo , kunye noMike Abrams, PhD, kunye neLidia Abrams, PhD. INew York: I-Sage Press.
Iingxelo
Epstein, R. (2001, Jan. 01). Inkosana yesizathu. Psychology Namhlanje.
Kaufman, MT (2007, Julayi 25). U-Albert Ellis, oneminyaka engama-93, weengqondo zengqondo, uyafa. I-New York Times.