Ukugqithwa koBucala ngokungafani ncam
I-OCD) ixinzelelekile (i-OCD) ibonakala ngokunyanzeliswa (isenzo esingenakulawulayo ukwenza isenzo, ngokuphindaphindiweyo ngokuphindaphindiweyo) kunye nokunyaniseka (ukungakwazi ukuyeka ukucinga ngesihloko esithile okanye umfanekiso ngaphandle kokuxhalaba).
Ngaphakathi kwendawo yokunyamezela, umntu ono-OC unokuhlaziywa kwiingcamango zobundlobongela, ubundlobongela, ukungcola, okanye unqulo.
Phakathi kwezona nkxalabo, nangona kunjalo, zithandwa ngokwesini .
Ukuqwalaselwa ngokwesondo kunye ne-OCD
Nangona umntu unokufumana ulwahlulo olubanzi lwezesondo, izihloko eziqhelekileyo zibandakanya ezo ezinokuthi zithathwa njengenqatshelwe, njenge:
- Ubungqingili
- Ukuxhaphazwa ngokwesondo okanye ubundlobongela
- Iingcamango zesondo malunga nabahlobo
- Ukungena
- Ukungathembeki
- Ukuxhatshazwa ngokwesondo okanye ubuhlungu besifo
- Ubugqila ngokwesondo
- Ukuzinza
- Ngaphantsi kwesini
- Isondo kunye nenkolo njengendlela yokuhlambalaza
Iingcamango zingenzeka okanye ngaphandle kokunyanzeliswa, kwaye ukuba neengcamango ezinjalo akuthethi ukuba umntu uya kubaphatha.
Kuqikelelwa ukuba phakathi kwama-6 ekhulwini kunye nama-24 ekhulwini abantu abane-OCD baya kufumana uhlobo oluthile lokuzibandakanya ngokwesondo. Inani linokuphakanyiswa ngakumbi ukuba abantu abaninzi banqwenela ukwabelana ngeengcamango ezinjalo. Nangona abantu bevame ukuchonga ukunyanzelisa ngokwesondo njengento ebalulekileyo yindoda, uphando lubonisa ukuba amadoda nabasetyhini abane-OCD baya kuba namava angaphantsi kwinqanaba elifanayo.
Ukugqithwa ngokwesondo kunokuphazamisa ubudlelwane obusondeleyo , ngakumbi xa bekhona kunye neengcinga zobundlobongela, ukusola, ukungathandabuzeki. Kwezinye iimeko, umntu ono-OCD angaba neengxaki zokungathandabuzi ngokuphathelele umlingani osondelene naye kwaye alungiselele kwiingcinga okanye kwimifanekiso yengqondo ngokungathembeki. Xa oku kwenzeka, kunokuba ukhangele okuhle kumlingani, umntu o-OCD uza kujonga iimpazamo kunye nokungaphumeleli.
Ukugubha ngezesondo akufani nezocansi
Ukugqithisa ngokwesondo akufani into efanayo neengcamango zesondo. Nangona iingcamango zesondo zihambelana nokuzonwabisa okanye umnqweno, ezifikelelekayo okanye kungenjalo, ukugqithiswa ngokwesini kungengcinga engafunekiyo kunye nexinzelelo ezixhatshazwayo okanye ezithandekayo.
Abantu abane-OCD baya kuhlala bexhalaba ukuba ukunyanzelisa ngokwesondo okanye ukungavumelekanga ngokwesini kungenza olunye usuku lubangele ukuba benze loo minqweno, nokuba ngaba malunga nokuphanga, ukudlwengula, okanye ulwaphulo lwezesondo. Utshintsho oluphambili lwengqondo kukuba umntu ophethe i-OCD uya kufumana ukuziphatha kakubi nokuziphatha kakubi kwaye azive ehlaselwa ngcamango yokusebenza kuyo.
Oku akunjalo ukuba kunjalo nabantu abaphanga ubudlwengulo okanye abazithobela i-pedophilia abathi, nakuba beyazi indlela yokuziphatha engalunganga, ngokuqhelekileyo benza ngokucinga ngale ndlela yokuzihlaziya.
Ukugqithisa ngokwesondo kwi-OCD akulindelekanga ukuba (ingxowa engamanga). Kunoko, kubonakaliswa ukuchasana apho umntu angafumana ukuvusa nokuzihlaziya ngexesha elifanayo kwaye aphephe ngokukhawuleza imeko edibeneyo nezo ngcamango, njenge:
- Ukuphepha ukukhupha, ukuhlalisa abantu, okanye iimeko ezenza iingcamango zesini
- Ukuphepha izikolo okanye indawo yokudlala apho abantwana baqokelela khona
- Ukuphepha ukumbamba okanye ukudibana nomntu onomnqweno
Ukuba uhambelana nokunyanzeliswa ngokwesondo, umntu ophethe i-OCD angabanjwa ngokugqithiseleyo kunye noononografi kunye / okanye ukukrexeza nje ngokuba "iintengiso" zeengcamango ezingafunekiyo.
Indlela Yokuphatha Ukunyamekela Ngokwezesondo
Ochwepheshe bezempilo yengqondo abaqeqeshwe kwi-OCD baya kuqaphela ukunyanzelisa ngokwesondo njengesifo sesifo kwaye, ngokungabikho kwimiba yengozi (njengotyala lolwaphulo-mthetho ngokwesondo), kuya kunceda umntu ukuba aqonde uhlobo lokunyanzelisa nokunciphisa ukwesaba malunga noko "iingcinga" zithetha ngomntu kunye / okanye izenzo zakhe ezinokwenzeka.
Ukuba ufumana iingcamango ezingapheliyo kunye nezingavumelekanga malunga nesondo, kubalulekile ukutyhila uhlobo olupheleleyo lwamava, nangona kunzima okanye kuhlazeka. Kufuna ukuba uthembele umboneleli wempilo yengqondo kwaye uqonde ukuba iingcamango owabelana ngazo aziyikugcinwa kuphela ngokuzithemba ngokuthe tye kodwa zidibene nesimo esivulekile, esingenakugweba.
Ngaphakathi kokwakhiwa kwe-OCD, ukugqithwa ngokwesondo kuya kunyangwa ngendlela efanayo nangona nayiphi na into eyenzekayo. Unyango lunokubandakanya udibaniso lwamachiza ekunciphiseni ukuxhalaba kunye / okanye ukudandatheka kunye ne-psychotherapy ekuqhubekeni, ngokuqhelekileyo ngendlela yokucutshungulwa kwengqondo (CBT) okanye unyango lokukhusela nokuphendula (ERP) .
Nge-ERP, ukuzilolonga kunokubandakanya ukubaliswa kwesigxina sakho sezesondo kwi-audiotape emva koko uya kuphulaphula iteksi ngokugqithiseleyo kude kube yilapho ukugqithisa kungabangela ukuxhalabisa. Uhlobo oluthile lweminye imimiselo yokukhutshwa kungenziwa ngokuxhomekeka kwimeko yobunqunu besondo.
> Umthombo:
> UVella-Zarb, R .; Cohen, J; McCabe, R. et al. "Ukuhlukana kweengcamango zesondo kwi-Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder From Paraphilias and Nonparaphilic Sexual Disorders." Indlela yokuCocnitive and Practice Practice. 2017; 24 (3): 342-52. INGXELO: 10.1016 / j.cbpra.2016.06.007.