Uphando lubonisa ntoni malunga neengxaki zezinto eziphilayo zengxaki yokuphazamiseka?
Njengamanje, isizathu esona sizathu sokuphazamiseka kwesifo se-panic asikwazi. Nangona kunjalo, kukho iingcamango ezininzi ezithatha ingqalelo kwiimeko ezahlukeneyo xa uhlola izizathu ezinokubangela ukuphazamiseka kwesifo. Funda phambili ukuze ufunde kabanzi malunga neengcamango ze-biological disorder disorder.
Iingxelo zeBioological of Panic Disorder
I-Serotonin , i-norepinephrine kunye ne- dopamine yile makhemikhali asebenza njengama- neurotransmitters okanye abathunywa kwingqondo .
Bathumela imiyalezo phakathi kweendawo ezahlukeneyo zobuchopho kwaye bacinga ukuba banokuchaphazela inqanaba lomntu kunye nexhala. Enye ingcamango yokuphazamiseka kwesifo kukuba iimpawu zibangelwa ukungalingani kwesinye okanye ngaphezulu kwezi khemikhali.
Eyaziwayo njengengcamango ye-biological disorder disorder, le ngqungquthela ihlola izinto eziphilayo njengesizathu sokukhathazeka kwezempilo yengqondo. Inkxaso yale ngcamango kukunciphisa iimpawu eziphazamisayo ezininzi izigulane ziva xa izidalwa ezidandathelwanayo, ezitshintshela iichiza zamachiza, zenziwa. Ezinye imizekelo:
- I-serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs) ekhethiweyo (njengePaxil (paroxetine), i-Prozac (i-fluoxetine) kunye ne-Zoloft (sertraline) isebenza ngokunyusa izinga le-serotonin engqondweni.
- I-Serotonin-norepinephrine reuptake inhibitors (i-SNRIs) (njenge-Effexor (venlafaxine) kunye ne-Cymbalta (duloxetine) isebenza kokubili kwi-serotonin kunye ne-norepinephrine.
- I-Tricyclic antidepressants (TCAs) (njenge-Anafranil (clomipramine) ne-Elavil (amitriptyline)) ithintela i-serotonin, i-norepinephrin kunye ne-less, i-dopamine.
- I-Monoamine oxidase inhibitors (i-MAOIs) (njenge-Nardil, i-Parnate) iyakhusela nokuphazamiseka ngokuguqula iikhemikhali zeengqondo.
Inkxaso eyongeziweyo ye-Biological Theory
Ukongezelela kwimpendulo yokuphazamiseka kwentsholongwane ekutshintshisweni kwezinto eziphilayo ezenziwe ngabaxinzeleleko, kukho ubungqina obuninzi bokuthi utshintsho lwezinto ezinokwenziwa kwengqondo kwi-ingqondo lunokubangela ukuphazamiseka kweengxaki eziquka i-GABA kunye neengcamango zesiganeko.
I-Gamma-Aminobutyric Acid (GABA)
Kukholelwa ukuba i-gamma-aminobutyric acid- i-GABA-iyimichiza ebuchosheni obonisa ukuxhalabisa. I-GABA iyakuxhamla ebuchosheni ngokunciphisa ukuphumula nokuxinzelela uxhalaba. Uphando lubonise ukuba i-GABA ingadlala indima kwimicimbi eminingi yempilo yengqondo kuquka ukukhathazeka kunye neengxaki zengqondo.
Amayeza anxamnye noxinzelelo ( benzodiazepines ) njenge-Xanax (alprazolam), i-Ativan (lorazepam), okanye i-Klonopin (clonazepam), isebenze kuba ijolise kwi-GABA receptors kwingqondo. Ezi zonyango ziphucula umsebenzi we-GABA obangela ukuzola kunye nokukhululeka.
Kwiinkalo eziliqela, amazinga e-GABA kubantu abaneengxaki zokuphazamiseka babengaphantsi kunezifundo zokulawula ngaphandle kwimbali yokwesaba. Uphando lwexesha elizayo ukunika ingcaciso engcono yendima yeGABA kwimpucuko yempilo yengqondo, mhlawumbi, iya kubakho ukuphucula unyango lwabagulayo.
Iingcamango zeMetabolic kunye ne-Panic Disorder
Ucwaningo lweemetabolic lugxininisa indlela umzimba womntu uqhuba ngayo izinto ezithile. Zininzi zezi zifundo zibonise ukuba abantu abaneengxaki zokuphazamiseka banomdla ngakumbi kwizinto ezithile kunezihlobo zabo ezingafani. Ukuqwalaselwa okunjalo kuxhasa ngakumbi i-theory ye-biological, kubonisa indlela abanesifo sokuphazamiseka banokubakho okuhlukeneyo kunabo abangenalo mqathango.
Ngokomzekelo, ukuhlaselwa kwesoyiko kunokubangela abantu abaneengxaki zokuphazamiseka ngokubanika ijoke ye-lactic acid, into eyenziwa ngumzimba ngexesha lomsebenzi we-muscular. Ezinye izifundo zibonise umoya ophefumulayo kunye ne-carbon dioxide ephakamileyo kunokubangela ukuhlaselwa yintlanzi kulabo abanesifo. I-caffeine, i-nicotine kunye no-utywala nazo zibandakanyeke njengokuba zibangelwa ngabantu abaneengxaki zokuphazamiseka.
Kuthetha Kanjani Oku Konke?
Nangona uphando lwaloo uphando kuze kube yimhla, akukho ziphumo zesebhoratri ezicacileyo ezinokukunceda ekufumaneni ingxaki yokuphazamiseka . Abathunywa beMichiza kwiingqondo kunye neenkqubo zokuxilisa umzimba zinzima kwaye zibandakanya.
Kungenzeka ukuba nganye yale ngcamango ibaluleke kakhulu ekuphuhliseni ukuphazamiseka kwesifo. Uphando lwexesha elizayo lufunekayo ukuze kuqhutywe phambili kunye nokudibanisa kunye nezizathu zezinto eziphilayo zesifo sokuphazamiseka.
Iingcali ezininzi ngoku zivuma ukuba ukuphazamiseka kwengxaki kubangelwa kukudibana kwezinto. Uphando luye lwaxhasa iingcamango ezithatha iinkalo ezininzi kwiingxelo ezifana nemfuza yomntu kunye nefuthe lokusingqongileyo. Abaphandi baqhubeka bekhangela izizathu zeemeko zempilo yengqondo, njengengxaki yokuphazamiseka, njengoko oku kunokukunceda ekuxilongweni nasekuqulunqweni okukhethwa kukho unyango olungcono.
Ngoxa ufunda indlela iinkqubo ze-biochemical ezinokubangela ukuphazamiseka kwentsholongwane ayinakunceda kakhulu ukuphazamiseka kokuphazamiseka kwesifo, olo lwazi lunokuba luncedo ngakumbi kulabo abanqwenela ukuthatha imithi yokuphucula iimpawu zabo. Oku kuyinyaniso kwiimeko ezininzi zempilo yengqondo. Kukho ukugxekwa ngokugula kwengqondo, kunye nezimo zengqondo zijikeleza ukuba umntu kufuneka akwazi ukunqoba imo njengengxaki yokuphazamiseka ngokwabo. Ukujonga oko sikufundayo malunga neengcamango zezinto eziphilayo kunye neendlela zokuxhatshazwa kweengxaki zokuphazamiseka, le ndlela yokucinga ifanelana nokuthetha ukuba umntu kufuneka abe ngaphezu kwe-appendicitis ngokujonga isimo sengqondo esodwa.
Imithombo:
Goossens, L., Leibold, N., Peeters, R. et al. Impendulo yeBrainstem kwi-Hypercapnia: IsiFundo seNkxaso yokuPhukisa kwi-Pathophysiology ye-Panic Disorder. Journal of Psychopharmacology . 2014. 28 (5): 449-56.
Schur, R., Draisma, L., Wijnen, J. et al. Izinga le-GABA Izinga Ngeengxaki zeengqondo: UkuHlola kweeNcwadi eziNkqubo kunye ne-Meta-Analysis ye (1) I-H-MRS Studies. Imephu yeBongo yoBuntu . 2016. 37 (9): 3337-52.
Zangrossi, H., noFr. Graeff. I-Serotonin ngokuxhalabisa kunye neNkathazo: Iminikelo ye-T-Maze ephakamileyo. I-neuroscience kunye neengcebiso ze-Biobehavioral . 2014. 46 Pt 3: 397-406.