Ezinye zeempawu, iinani, kunye nezokwelapha ezinxulumene nokuphazamiseka kwengxaki
Uloyiko kunye nokuxhalaba kunokuphendula ngokuqhelekileyo kwiimeko ezithile kunye neziganeko ezixinzezelayo. Ukuphazamiseka kwamanxeba kwahluke kulo lokoyiko oluqhelekileyo kunye nokuxhalaba kuba kudla ngokugqithiseleyo, kwaye kunokubonakala kubonakala kuluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka.
Yiyiphi ingxaki yesifo? Ngokutsho kwe- DSM-5 , ukuphazamiseka kwesifo kuhlobo lwesifo sokuxhalabisa esichazwa ngokukhawuleza nokuhlaselwa kwesoyika.
Umntu onenkathazo yokuphazamiseka unokufumana iimpawu ezinjengeemvakalelo ezinzulu, ukuphefumula ngokukhawuleza, kunye nokukhawuleza kwentliziyo. Abantu abanenkinga yokuphazamiseka banokuziva oku kuhlaselwa ngokungalindelekanga kwaye kungabikho isizathu esicacileyo, kodwa banokulandelwa ngolu hlobo lwesiganeko okanye imeko.
Izibonakaliso zeNgcungcutyeko yeNkathazo
- Iimvakalelo ezinobungozi obugqithisayo ezenzeka ngokukhawuleza ngaphandle kwesixwayiso.
- Izibonakaliso zokuhlaselwa kweengqungquthela, kuquka intliziyo ephazamisayo, ukuthuthumela, ukuthuthumela, ukugubungela kwezandla kunye neenyawo, ukuxakeka, ukungabi nantlupheko, intlungu yesifuba nokuphefumula ngokukhawuleza.
- Ngethuba lokuhlaselwa, abantu abaninzi abanengxaki yokuphazamiseka bazive bengathi banesifo senhliziyo okanye besweleka.
- Uloyiko oluqhubekayo lokuba olunye uhlaselo lunokwenzeka nanini na.
- Indlela yokuziphatha ithintsha ngenxa yokuhlaselwa kwesoyiki, njengokuphepha ezinye iimeko, indawo okanye izinto ngenxa yokwesaba ukuba ziya kubangela ukuhlasela omnye.
Yintoni Impembelelo Ingxaki Yobuhlungu?
I-National Institute of Health mentals (NIMH) ingxelo yokuba malunga nama-2,7 ekhulwini kubantu abadala base-US abanenkinga yokuphazamiseka kweminyaka ngamnye. Phantse iipesenti ezingama-44.8 zala bantu bafumana iingxaki zesifo sokuphazamiseka esichazwa ngokuba "nzima."
Ngokombutho wokuxhalabisa kunye noxinzelelo lwaseMelika, abantu abadala baseMerika ababalelwa kwizigidi ezi-6 bafumana iimpawu zokuphazamiseka kwengxaki ngexesha lonyaka. Nangona ukuphazamiseka kwengxaki kungabetha ngantoni na ebomini, ngokuqhelekileyo kuqala ngexesha lokusukela ebusheni okanye ukukhula kwabantu abadala kwaye kuthintela abafazi ababini nabaninzi njengabantu.
Ukuphazamiseka kwamanxeba kunokukhokelela ekuphazamiseni okukhulu kwimihla ngemihla kwaye kwenza kube nzima ukujamelana neemeko eziqhelekileyo, ezinokuthi ziveze iimvakalelo ezixhalabileyo kunye nexhala. Kwezinye iimeko, abantu abaneengxaki zokuphazamiseka bangase baqale ukuphepha iimeko ezithile, indawo okanye abantu ukwenzela ukunciphisa amathuba okuhlaselwa. Ngokomzekelo, umntu oye wafumana isiqwenga somsindo kwiziko lezentengiselwano elininzi elinokuthi angaqala ukuphepha iimeko ezifanayo ukwenzela ukukhusela iimpawu zokuphazamiseka.
Ngenxa yokuba ukuphazamiseka kweengxaki kubakhokelela kubantu abathile ukuphepha kwiimeko okanye izinto ezithile, kunokukhokelela kwi- phobias . Ngokomzekelo, umntu ojongene nokuphazamiseka kwengxaki unokuyeka ukushiya ekhaya ukwenzela ukuthintela ukuhlaselwa okanye ukulahlekelwa ulawulo kuluntu. Ekuhambeni kwexesha, lo mntu unokuhlakulela i- agoraphobia , ukwesaba okuphawulekayo kokuvela kwiimeko ezahlukeneyo ngaphandle kwekhaya apho kunokuphepha kunokuba kunzima okanye kunokunceda ukuba kungabikho ukuba kukho iimpawu ezinzima.
Nangona iinguqu zangaphambili ze-DSM zahlula i-panic disorder kwaye zenzeka kunye okanye zingenayo i-agoraphobia, i-newest edition ye-manual ye-diagnostic ibhala ezi zimbini njengeengxaki ezihlukileyo nezihlukileyo.
Ukukhathazeka Kwentlungu Yenzani?
Ukuphazamiseka kwamanxeba, njengeminye inkathazo yokuxhalabisa, idla ngokuphathwa ngengqondo yengqondo , unyango okanye ukudibanisa kokubili. Ukunyanga kwengqondo-yokuziphatha yindlela yokwelapha enye enokunceda abantu abanengxaki yokuphazamiseka bafunde iindlela ezintsha zokucinga nokuphendula kwiimeko ezixhalabisayo. Njengengxenye yenkqubo ye-CBT, abagqirha banceda abathengi ukuba bachaze kwaye banomngeni kunye neendlela ezingabonakaliyo zokucinga kwaye zitshintshe ezi ngcamango ngeendlela ezichanileyo kunye ezifanelekileyo zokucinga.
Inyango yonyango enye indlela esetyenziswa rhoqo kunyango lweengxaki zokukhathazeka kuquka ukuphazamiseka kwengxaki. Le nqubo ibandakanya ukuqhubela phambili kwizinto kunye neemeko ezibangelwa ukwesaba. Abantu abaneempawu zokuphazamiseka kwentsholongwane bayabonakala kwiimeko zokubangela ukwesaba ngokubambisana nokufunda nokusebenzisa iindlela ezintsha zokuphucula.
Imithombo:
Ukuxhalabisa kunye Nokunyanzelwa kweMelika. (nd). Ukuphazamiseka kwintlungu kunye ne-agoraphobia. Ifunyenwe kwi-http: //www.adaa.org/intelligence-anxiety/panic-disorder-agoraphobia.
Umbutho wezeMpilo waseMerika. (2013). Incwadana yokuxilonga kunye neenkcukacha zeengxaki zeengqondo (5th ed.). Washington, DC: Umbhali.
Kessler, RC, Chiu, WT, Demler, O., & Walters, EE (2005) Ukuxhaphaka, ubunzima, kunye nokuxhatshazwa kweengxaki ze-DSM-IV zenyanga ezili-12 kwi-National Comorbidity Survey Replication (NCS-R). IiNqoloba zoLwazi lweZengqondo, 62 (6), 617-27.
ISiko leSizwe seMpilo yengqondo. (nd). Ukuphazamiseka kwintlungu phakathi kwabantu abadala. Kubuyiselwa kwi-http: //www.nimh.nih.gov/health/statistics/prevalence/panic-disorder-among-adults.shtml.