Iingxelo zeNcwadi kwi-APA Ifomathi

Ukulandela isitayela sombutho we-American Psychological Style kwiiNcwadi zakho

Ngaba ufuna ukubhekisela kwincwadi yakho yengqondo okanye enye iphepha lezesayensi yoluntu? Emva koko uya kufuneka ukwazi indlela yokusebenzisa ifomathi ye-APA, eyona ndlela esemthethweni yoMbutho we- American Psychological Association kwaye isetyenziswe kwiintlobo ezininzi zesayensi kunye nokubhala kwezenzululwazi zentlalo.

Ngaphambi kokuba udale iphepha lokubhekisela kumaphepha akho, iincwadana, amanqaku, okanye iingxelo, kubalulekile ukufunda indlela yokufomatha iiferensi zakho kwisitayela esifanelekileyo se-APA .

Olu hlobo luchaza imithetho ethile kunye nezikhokelo zeentlobo ezahlukeneyo zokubhengezwa, kuquka iincwadi.

Kukho neemeko ezahlukeneyo ezichaphazela indlela oza kubhala ngayo iingxelo zakho njengokuba le ncwadi inombhali omnye kunye nokuba ingaquka isahluko kwincwadi ehleliweyo. Imizekelo kunye nezikhokelo zilandelayo zinokukunceda ulungiselele izikhokelo zeencwadi kwifomathi efanelekileyo ye-APA.

Ulwakhiwo oluyisiseko

Okokuqala, makhe siqale ngokujonga iifomati ze-APA eziqhelekileyo zokubhala incwadi yesithenjwa. Isiseko esisiseko sencwadi yesibhaliso kufuneka sibhale igama lokugqibela lomlobi, iziqalo zokuqala, unyaka wokupapashwa, isihloko sencwadi, indawo kunye nomshicileli.

Ingxelo yakho kufuneka ibonakale ngale ndlela:

Umbhali, IN (Unyaka). Isihloko sencwadi. Indawo: Umshicileli.

Umzekelo:

Rogers, CR (1961). Xa ube ngumntu. Boston: Houghton Mifflin.

Le fom yokwenza isetyenziswe kwiintlobo ezininzi zokubhaliweyo kwencwadi ezinombhali omnye okanye ababhali abaninzi.

Nangona kunjalo, ungadinga ukusebenzisa enye yeefomathi ezilandelayo zeencwadi ezihleliweyo, akukho mlobi, uguqulelwe, okanye ufuna ukufomathiza okukhethekileyo.

Incwadi Ehleliwe Ngomnye Omnye okanye Ababhali Abaninzi

Ungayifumana njani incwadi ebhalwe ngokutsha kunye nabahleli abathile? Iincwadi ezihleliweyo kunye nabalobi abaninzi kufuneka balandele isiseko esisisiseko sencwadi yesibheno kwaye baqule ii-initials, igama lokugqibela, kunye no-'Ed. ' kwiibhareneses emva kwesihloko sencwadi.

Umzekelo:

Adler, A. (1956). I-psychology yomntu ngamnye ka-Alfred Adler: Inkcazo echanekileyo yokukhethwa kwincwadi yakhe. HL Ansbacher & RR Ansbacher (u-Ed.). ENew York: IiNcwadi eziSiseko.

Incwadi ehleliwe engekho Umbhali

Iincwadi ezihleliweyo ezingabikho mbhali zimele ziluhlule igama lokugqibela kunye namaziko okuqala omhleli okanye abahleli, elandelwa ngu-Ed. okanye 'u-Ed.' ngabazali. Intsalela yesalathisi kufuneka ilandele isakhiwo esisisiseko kwaye ifake umshicileli wonyaka, isihloko sencwadi kwisiqulatho, kwindawo kunye nomshicileli.

Umzekelo:

Atkinson, JW & Rayner, JO (Eds.). (1974). Isizathu kunye nokuphumelela. IWashington, DC: VH Winston.

I-Article ichazwe kwiNcwadi ehleliweyo

Ngamanye amaxesha iincwadi zibonisa ukuqokelela kwamanqaku abhalwe ngabalobi abahlukeneyo kwincwadi ehleliweyo. Amanqaku ngabalobi ngabanye abonakala kwimisebenzi enjalo kufuneka bahlule igama lokugqibela kunye neyokuqala yokuqala yombhali, olulandelwe ngumhla wokupapashwa, kunye nesihloko sencwadi. Emva koko, abahleli kufuneka baqatshelwe ngokulandelwa yendawo kunye nomshicileli.

Umzekelo:

Bartol, CR, & Bartol, AM (2005). Imbali yeengqondo zengqondo. Ku-IB Weiner no-AK Hess (u-Ed.), INcwadi ye-Psychology (Forebic Psychology) (iphe.1-27). Hoboken, NJ: Wiley.

Iincwadi eziguqulelwe

Uninzi lweetekisi ezidumileyo zengqondo zazibhalwe ngolunye ulwimi kwaye ziguqulelwa kwisiNgesi.

Iincwadi eziguqulelwe ukusuka kwelinye ulwimi kufuneka zibandakanye igama lokugqibela kunye neyokuqala yokuqala yombhali, ilandelwe ngumnyaka wokupapashwa kunye nesihloko sencwadi. Ama-initials yokuqala kunye negama lokugqibela lomguquleli kunye ne-'Trans '. kufuneka ke kubandakanywe kubazali. Emva koko unikezela indawo, umshicileli kunye nenqaku lomhla wokuqala wokupapashwa.

Umzekelo:

Freud, S. (1914). I-psychopathology yobomi bemihla ngemihla. (AA Brill, iTransla). ILondon: T. Fisher Unwin. (Umsebenzi wokuqala owapapashwa ngo-1901).

Iingcebiso ezingakumbi zeNcwadi zoKhokelo kwi-APA Ifomathi

1. Khumbula ukuba iphepha lakho lokubhekisela lifuna ukuba liphindwe kabini.

1. Umgca wokuqala woxwebhu ngalunye kufuneka uhluthwe ngakwesobunxele kunye nomda wekhasi. Umgca ngamnye wesigxina wereferensi yakho kufuneka unikwe.
2. Ukuba i-identifier yento ye-digital (DOI) ifumaneka, yifake ekupheleni kwenkcazelo.
3. Ukuba incwadi ifumaneke nge-database egciniweyo, landela ifomathi ye-APA oyisiseko uze ufake i-URL ekupheleni.
4. Qinisekisa ukuba ulandela enye inkcazo yephepha lakho lokubhaliweyo .