Oko Kufuneka Ukwazi NgePTSD kunye neMfazwe yaseVietnam
Ukuqonda kwethu inkathazo yokuxinzeleleka kwangemva kweengxaki (PTSD) ikhulile ngokunyuka kunye nemida kwiminyaka embalwa edlulayo. Emva kokubhekiswa kwimiqathango enjenge-"shell shock", impembelelo epheleleyo yale ngxubusho sele icacile ngakumbi kwiminyaka emininzi emva kwemfazwe yaseVietnam.
Yintoni esiyayazi malunga nePTSD kunye ne-Vietnam imfazwe ekude nefuthe elide? Yintoni enokuthi iyakwazi ukujamelana nale ntlupheko kwiminyaka emininzi kamva, kwaye ingaba yenze umehluko?
Ukuba i-PTSD ayinelisekile, sifunde nokuba ihambelana njani neemeko ezifana nesifo senhliziyo kunye nentlungu, iimeko apho abantu baseVietnam abaninzi abajongene nayo xa befaka 'iminyaka yegolide' namhlanje.
Ukulandela isigunyaziso senkululeko ngonyaka we-1983, i-NVVRS ye-Vietnam ye-Vietnam Veterans Readjustment Study (i-NVVRS) iqhutywe nguRhulumente wase-US ukuqonda kakuhle ukuphuhliswa kwe-PTSD kwi-War ye-Vietnam kunye nezinye iingxaki. Kwiminyaka embalwa edluleyo, uphando olongezelelweyo luye lwajonga impembelelo yale mqathango ngexesha, kunye neziphumo ezininzi ezibalulekileyo.
Isiganeko se-PTSD eVietnam
Iziphumo ezivela kwisifundo ezigunyazwe ngqungquthela ngo-1983 zatshitshisa. Ngexesha lokufunda (phakathi-ukuya ekupheleni kwee-1980), phakathi kwezilwanyana zaseVietnam, malunga neepesenti ezingama-15 zamadoda kunye ne-9 ekhulwini yabasetyhini bafunyenwe babe ne-PTSD njengamanje. Phantse ama-30 ekhulwini lamadoda kunye nama-27 ekhulwini kwabasetyhini babe ne-PTSD ngexesha elithile ebomini babo baseVietnam.
Ezi ziphumo, ezifunyenwe malunga neminyaka elishumi emva kokuphela kweMfazwe yaseVietnam, zifumene ukuba kubadala bezilwanyana, i-PTSD yabo yayisigxina (oko kukuthi, iqhubekayo kwaye ihlala ixesha elide).
Ukuhlola ixesha elide elide lePTSD, abaphandi kwi-Harvard School of Health Public, iYunivesithi yase-Columbia, i-American Legion, kunye neYunivesithi yaseNew York (i-SUNY) I-Medical Centre yaseNew York ihlolisise ama-1,377 amaLegionnaires aseMerika ayenamandla ase-Asia-mpuma Asia Kwimfazwe yaseVietnam iminyaka engama-14 emva koxoxiswano lwabo lwe-NVVRS ngo-1984.
Uphononongo lwabo lufumanise ukuba phantse iminyaka emithathu emva kweMfazwe yaseVietnam, abaninzi abantu bezilwanyana baqhubeka befumana iingxaki nge-PTSD. Kwi-intanethi yokuqala, malunga neepesenti ezili-12 zinePTSD. Kwiminyaka elinesine elinesibini kamva, iirhafu ze-PTSD ziye zanciphisa ngokukhawuleza ukuya kuma-11 ekhulwini. Abo bafumana amanqanaba aphakamileyo ekukhuselweni kokulwa bebaninzi babe ne-PTSD kwezo zombini ndlebe.
Abadala beemfazwe abaqhubekayo be-PTSD iminyaka engama-14 emva kokuba intlanganiso yabo yodliwano-ndlebe yokuqala ifunyenwe ukuba neengxaki ezinzulu zengqondo nezentlalo. Bathi banelisekile phantsi komtshato wabo, ubomi besondo kunye nobomi ngokubanzi. Baye babonisa ukuba nobunzima obuninzi bomzali, amazinga omtshato ophezulu, unonophelo ophantsi, kunye nezikhalazo zempilo ezingokwenyama , ezifana nokukhathala, i-aches, ne-colds. Amapolisa anesifo esingapheliyo i-PTSD nayo yayinokwenzeka ukuba bayabhema.
Impembelelo yexesha elide le-PTSD
Izifundo ziyaqhubeka zifumanisa ukuba i-PTSD yaseVietnam imfazwe yeemfazwe ihlala ixhalabisa. Uphando lwe-2012 olujonge amawele, lufumene ukuba i-10 ekhulwini le-veterans kunye ne-4.45 ekhulwini "yeengcali ezingabonwayo" baqhubeka nokuhlangabezana neempawu ezibalulekileyo ze-PTSD. Kwiimeko ezininzi, i-PTSD yahlulwa ngokuthi "ukusa." Uphononongo oluthile lufumene la manani abe ngama-22 ekhulwini kwi-theater kunye namaphesenti angama-15.7 "
Kucacile ukuba i-PTSD iqhubeka isichaphazela ubomi beemfazwe ezininzi zaseVietnam namhlanje. Uphando olutshanje luye lwacima ingqalelo kwimpembelelo ye-PTSD kwaye inendima kwiimeko ezininzi zezempilo ezijongene nala ma-veteran namhlanje.
Indima ye-PTSD kwezinye iimeko
Ukongezelela kwiimpawu ze-PTSD , iinqwelo zokulwa ngoku zijongene neemeko ezininzi ezinokuhamba ngesandla. Ezinye zezi ziquka:
- I-PTSD kunye nokusetyenziswa kakubi kweziyobisi - Kucingelwa ukuba ukusetyenziswa kakubi kweziyobisi kwenzeka ngokumalunga nesithathu kwindoda enePTSD. Kungenzeka ukuba " ukuzithengisa " kunokunyanzela ezinye zezi ndawo zokuba utywala utywala okanye iziyobisi.
- Ukuqhagamshelana phakathi kwe-PTSD kunye nentlungu - Ingaba kuhlobene nokulimala kwimfazwe okanye enye yeemeko ezibuhlungu ezivela kwiminyaka yobudala, abaninzi abantu baseVietnam bajamelana nobuhlungu obungapheliyo, kwaye le ntlungu ihlanganiswe ngokufutshane nePTSD. Umjikelezo onobungozi unokuqhubeka ngokuqhubekayo njengoko iimpawu zePTSD ezinjengeengcinezelo zentlungu zandisa intlungu, leyo eyenza ikhulise iimpawu zePTSD njalo njalo. Ekugqibeleni, i-PTSD inokunyusa ingozi yokudakumba nokuphazamiseka kwezidakamizwa, okwakwandisa intlungu.
- I-PTSD kunye nokudandatheka - i-PTSD kunye nokuxinezeleka kuhlobene kunye kunye nesiqingatha sabantu abane-PTSD abanokuxinezeleka kliniki ngexesha elithile.
- I-PTSD kunye nesifo senhliziyo - Njengentlungu, abaninzi abantu baseVietnam bafikelela kwiminyaka xa isifo senhliziyo siqhelekileyo, kwaye ezinye izifundo zibhekisela kwi-PTSD njengengozi yesifo senhliziyo ngokwawo. Ukongezelela, abantu abane-PTSD banesisindo sokwanda kwesifo sikashukela , kunye nesifo sikashukela, njengoko siyazi, yinto ebalulekileyo yengozi yesifo senhliziyo.
Kubaluleka kokwazisa i-PTSD
Ukuqonda indlela iPTSD ehlala ngayo eVietnam, kunye neengxaki zesimo, kuyacaca ukuba kubaluleke kangakanani ukuba imeko ibonwe. Uphando lufumene iintlobo ezininzi zonyango ukuba luncedo, kodwa ukuze zifune unyango, amaqhawe kufuneka aqaphele ukuba oko bahlangabezana nayo yinto enokuphucula unyango. Ukuba awuqinisekanga ukuba ingaba unayo i-PTSD okanye ungayinayo, jonga ezi mfuno ze-PTSD ukuxilongwa kwaye wenze ukuqesha kunye nogqirha wakho ukuba uthethe ngeengxaki zakho.
Ukufumana Uncedo lwePTSD engapheliyo
Abantu abonakaliswe kwiziganeko ezibuhlungu (ezifana nokuchasana nokulwa) ngokusemthethweni basengozini ye-PTSD, kwaye akukho nto ithi i-PTSD eqhubekayo okanye engapheliyo inefuthe elibi kwimpilo yomntu imihla ngemihla kunye nempilo yomzimba.
Nangona kunjalo nakwiimeko zePTSD ezingapheliyo, ukubuyiswa kusenokwenzeka.
Enoba unayo inyosi ephathwa yi-PTSD iminyaka emininzi, okanye ngokukhawuleza kuphuhliswe ingxaki (njengoko, njengoko kuphawuliwe, kusenokwenzeka kwi-Vietnam veterans) kubalulekile ukufuna unyango.
Umxhasi woMngxakano weMali waseMelika unikezela ukuxhamla kubantu abathintela kwingingqi yakho. Unokufumana ulwazi oluthe ngqo kwi-PTSD kunye nonyango lwabalindi bezilwanyana kwiziko leSizwe lePTSD.
Ukunyanga kwe-PTSD kudla ngokuquka ukudibanisa kweendlela zokwelapha. Khangela le nkcazo yonyango lwe-PTSD. Njengoko kuphawuliwe, kukho ininzi yezindlela ezahlukeneyo ukuze wena kunye nogqirha wakho unokufumana iindlela ezisebenza kakuhle kuwe.
IMpilo yeMpilo kunye nePTSD
I-PTSD ichaphazela impilo yempilo ngokunjalo. Kubalulekile ukuba uqaphele ukuba nayiphi na isicwangciso sonyango se-PTSD e-Vietnam imfuyo kufuneka ilandele ingqalelo nje ingxaki yengqondo, kodwa yinto ebonakalayo yesifo. Izimo zomzimba eziqhelekileyo kulabo abaphila ne-PTSD ziquka:
- Isifo sentliziyo
- Arthritis
- Ubuhlungu obungapheliyo
- Izifo ezinxulumene nokuphefumula ezifana ne-emphysema
- Iintlobo zeengxaki zokugaya izifo ezifana ne-GERD kunye nesifo sezilonda zesilonda
- Sikashukela
Ukuxhatshazwa kweSibini
Labo abane-PTSD abahlali kwi-bubble, kwaye amaqabane kunye nabantwana nabo banokuchaphazeleka yi-disorder. Ukuxhatshazwa kwamademokhrasi kumaqabane axelelwe kakuhle. Nangona ukuphazamiseka kuye kwafunyanwa kukuchaphazela oonyana kunye neentombi zaseVietnam ngeendlela eziliqela-izifundo zangaphambili zifumene ubudlova kunye nobutsha kubantwana-bacinga ukuba abantwana baseVietnam bezilwanyana zincinci banempilo njengabalingani babo luluntu jikelele.
Ngaphantsi kwi-PTSD eVietnam yeVietnam yaseVietnam
Ngoku ukuba siyaqonda ukuba i-PTSD iyinto eqhelekileyo kwimikhosi yamajoni, sifunda ukuba abo babandakanyekayo kwimfazwe yaseVietnam bahlala bejamelana neempawu eziqhubekayo kwaye ukuba le mpawu ingase iqale ngokukhawuleza ebomini. Ngombulelo kuninzi iindlela ezininzi zokwenza unyango olukhoyo ukunceda abo baqonda ukuba, kubantu abaninzi, imfazwe ayisaphelanga, kodwa ukuphilisa kusekhona imihla ngemihla kwabaninzi bala maqhawe.
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