Ingqondo yezoshishino-yintlangano yisebe yeengqondo ezisebenza kwiingcamango zengqondo kunye nemigaqo kwimibutho. Ngokuqhelekileyo kuthiwa yi-IO yengqondo, le ntsimi ijolise ekunyuseni ukuveliswa komsebenzi kunye nemicimbi enxulumene nokuhlala kakuhle kwabasebenzi. Iingcali zengqondo-zentlalo zenza imisebenzi ehlukahlukeneyo, kubandakanywa nokufunda isimo sengqondo sabasebenzi kunye nokuziphatha, ukuvavanya iinkampani kunye nokuqhuba uqeqesho lobunkokeli .
Injongo jikelele yale ntsimi kukufunda nokuqonda ukuziphatha kwabantu kwindawo yomsebenzi.
Iingcali ezimbini ze-IO Psychology
Unokucinga ngeengqondo zoshishino-zentlangano njengamacala amakhulu amabini. Okokuqala, kukho udidi lwezoshishino, olubandakanya ukujonga indlela yokulungelelanisa abantu ngabanye kwimisebenzi ethile. Le nxalenye ye-IO yeengqondo nayo ngamanye amaxesha ibizwa ngokuba ngabasebenzi beengqondo.
Abantu abasebenza kule ndawo bangakwazi ukuvavanya iimpawu zomqeshwa baze badibanise nabanye abantu kwimisebenzi apho banokukwenza kakuhle. Eminye imisebenzi ewela kwicandelo loshishino lwe-IO yeengqondo kubandakanya abasebenzi boqeqesho, ukuphucula imigangatho yokusebenza komsebenzi kunye nokulinganisa ukusebenza komsebenzi.
Icandelo lombutho weengqondo lijolise ngakumbi ekuqondeni ukuba imibutho ichaphazela njani ukuziphatha komntu. Izakhiwo zentlangano, izithethe zentlalo, iindlela zokulawula, kunye nokulindeleka kwendima zonke izinto ezinokuchaphazela indlela abantu abaziphatha ngayo kwintlangano.
Ngokuqonda izinto ezinjalo, i-IO zeengqondo zi nethemba lokuphucula ukusebenza komntu ngamnye kunye nempilo ngexesha elifanayo lizuza inhlangano yonke.
Uhluke njani?
Nangona i-Psychology yezoshishino yintsebenziswano yintsimi esetyenzisiweyo, uphando olusisiseko lweengcali lubalulekile. Ngengcambu kwengqondo yengqondo, i-IO yeengqondo ineenkalo ezincinci ezahlukeneyo ezifana nokusebenzisana komntu, i-psychology yabasebenzi kunye nemicimbi yabantu .
IiNkalo eziPhambili
Ngokutsho kwencwadi kaWininsky, "I-Psychology Applied to Work: Isingeniso kwiShishini kunye neNzululwazi yeZengqondo," ezininzi zeengcali zengqondo-zentsebenzo zisebenza kwiindawo ezi-6 eziphambili:
- Uqeqesho kunye nophuhliso: Abaqeqeshi beli ndawo bavame ukuchonga uhlobo luni lwezakhono eziyimfuneko ukwenza imisebenzi ethile kunye nokuphuhlisa nokuvavanya iinkqubo zoqeqesho lwabasebenzi.
- Ukukhethwa kwabasebenzi: Lo mmandla uquka ukuphucula uvavanyo lokuqeshwa kwabaqeshwa, njengemvavanyo yokuhlola ukuba ngaba ngabafake izicelo zomsebenzi bafanelekile kwiindawo ezithile.
- I-Ergonomics: Intsimi ye-ergonomics ibandakanya ukuyila iinkqubo kunye nezixhobo ezenzelwe ukwandisa ukusebenza nokunciphisa ukulimala.
- Ukulawulwa kweNtsebenzo: IO zeengcali zengqondo ezisebenza kule ndawo zihlakulela uvavanyo kunye neendlela zokuchonga ukuba ngaba abasebenzi benza imisebenzi yabo kakuhle.
- Ubomi bomsebenzi: Lo mmandla ujolise ekuphuculeni ukwaneliseka kwabasebenzi kunye nokwandisa umkhiqizo wabasebenzi. IO zengqondo zeli ndawo zingase zisebenze ukufumana iindlela zokwenza imisebenzi engaphezulu okanye yokuyila ephucula umgangatho wobomi kwindawo yokusebenzela.
- Ukuphuhliswa kombutho : IO weengcali zengqondo ezisebenzayo kule ndawo zinceda ekuphuculeni imibutho, ngokuqhelekileyo ngokunyusa inzuzo, ukuhlaziywa kwemveliso kunye nokuphucula isakhiwo sobume.
Abantu abalulekileyo kwi-IO ye-Psychology History
- Hugo Münsterberg
- UFrederick W. Taylor
- URobert Yerkes
- UJames McKeen Cattell
- Elton Mayo
- UKurt Lewin
Ngubani omele afunde i-Industrial-Organizational Psychology?
Abafundi abanomdla ekusebenziseni imigaqo yengqondo kwiimeko eziphathekayo zehlabathi kufuneka baqwalasele ingqondo yengqondo-yentlangano. Ukuba unomdla onzulu kwizengqondo kunye nezifundo ezinxulumene nokuklanywa kwemveliso, iikhomputha, iinombolo kunye nobunjineli, oku kungaba yintsimi efanelekileyo kuwe.
Zihloko
- Uyilo lomkhiqizo
- Uvavanyo lwabasebenzi
- Ubukhokeli
- Ukwahlukana kweendawo zokusebenza
- Umsebenzi wendawo
- Isizathu somqeshwa
ImiSebenzi
Inzala kwimisebenzi yezentengiselwano-yentlangano yengqondo ikhule. I-Bureau of Labor Statistics yase-United States yaxela ukuba i-IO yengqondo yayiza kuba yinto ehamba phambili ngokukhawuleza, kwaye umvuzo uye wenyuka ngaphezu kweepesenti ezili-10 ngonyaka.
Ngokweemanani zengqesho ezivela kwiBhovisi leSatifikethi sezabasebenzi, umvuzo wonyaka we-OO wee-psychologists ngo-Meyi 2016 wawungama-104,570 ayi-$. Iipesenti ezili-10 ze-IO zeengqondo zathola i-$ 52,950 ezidlulileyo kunye neepesenti ezili-10 eziphezulu zifumana imali engama-184,380 ayi-R4,760.
Njengeminye indawo ekhethekileyo, umvuzo uyahluka ngokuxhomekeka kwiimeko ezahlukeneyo kuquka indawo yokuhlala, imvelaphi yemfundo, indawo yengqesho, kunye neminyaka yamava entsimini. Abantu abane-degree okanye i-doctorate degree bawisela umvuzo ophezulu wonyaka.
Ngokuqhelekileyo, abo basemaphandleni amakhulu baya kufumana amathuba amaninzi emisebenzi kunye nomvuzo ophezulu, nangona loo macebo ahlala ehamba kunye neendleko eziphezulu zokuphila. Amazwe asebenzisa i-OO yezona-psychologists ezininzi ziquka iVirginia, eMassachusetts, ePennsylvania, eMissouri naseNew Jersey. Abaqeqeshi basebenza eVirginia bafumana umyinge we $ 120,260, ngelixa abo basebenza eMassachusetts bafumana umyinge we $ 84,550.
Iingxelo zeSebe lezeMisebenzi yase-United States ukuba umvuzo uyahluka ngokuxhomekeke kwishishini apho abasebenzi bezentlalo-nkonzo bezentlalo baqeshwe khona. Umvuzo wonyaka wecandelo lamashishini athile lulandelayo:
- Iinkonzo Zophando NezoPhuhliso: i-$ 123,290
- Iinkonzo zoLawulo, iSayensi, kunye nezobuChule: i-$ 98,600
- Urhulumente Wephondo: $ 78,340
- Iikholeji, iiYunivesithi, kunye neSikolo soBugcisa: i-67,250 zamaRandi
> Imithombo
- > I-Bureau of Labor Statistics. Iingcali-zengqondo zengqungquthela. ImiSebenzi yeeNgqesho.
- > Hockenbury SE, Hockenbury DH. Ukufumanisa i-Psychology . I-New York: AbaPashi Abafanelekileyo; 2016.
- > PMininsky PM. I-Psychology isetyenziswe kuSebenzi: Isingeniso kwiShishini nezoNyango . Uhlobo lwe-Summerfield (NC): Inkcazo ye-Hypergraphic Press; 2009.