Ngaba Imisebenzi Ekhuthazwa Ngesifiso Semivuzo?
Ziziphi iimbangela ezenza zethu izenzo? Ngaba uvuka uze uqhube ukuya kwindawo yokuzivocavoca usuku ngalunye kuba uyazi kakuhle, okanye ngenxa yolu hlobo lomvuzo wangaphandle? Kukho izizathu ezininzi ezahlukahlukeneyo zokuba senza izinto. Ngamanye amaxesha siyakhuthazwa ukuba sisebenze ngenxa yeminqweno yangaphakathi kunye nezifiso, kodwa ngezinye izihlandlo, ukuziphatha kwethu kuqhutyelwa ngumnqweno wokufumana umvuzo wangaphandle.
Ngokweminye imfundiso yentshukumo yabantu, iziganeko zethu zihlala ziphefumlelwe ngumnqweno wokufumana inkxaso ngaphandle. Iingongoma ezikhuthazayo ngenye yeengcamango eziphambili zokhuthazo kwaye zibonisa ukuba ukuziphatha kuqhutywa ngumnqweno wokuqinisa okanye ukukhuthaza.
Khangela ngakumbi
Intshisekelo yokhuthazo yaqala ukuvela ngexesha le-1940 neye-1950, ukwakha kwiingcamango zokuqala zengxowankulu ezisungulwe ngabafundi beengqondo ezifana noClake Hull. Ngaba le ngqungquthela iphendula njani ngokuziphatha kwabantu? Esikhundleni sokugxila kwizinto ezinzulu ezithintekayo, i-incentive theory iphakamisa ukuba abantu bathatyathwa kwiimpawu ezikhokelela ekuvuzweni kunye nokunyuka kwizenzo ezingakhokelela kwimiphumo emibi. Abantu ababini banokusebenza ngezindlela ezahlukeneyo kwiimeko ezifanayo ngokusekelwe ngokupheleleyo kwiintlobo zokhuthazo ezifumaneka kubo ngelo xesha.
Unokucinga ngeemeko ezininzi ezahlukileyo apho ukuziphatha kwakho kwathonywe ngqo ngedinga lomvuzo okanye isohlwayo.
Mhlawumbi ufunde ukuhlolwa ukuze ufumane ibakala elifanelekileyo, wagijima umzila wokuba ufumane ukuqwalaselwa, okanye uthathe isikhundla esitsha emsebenzini ukuze ukhulise. Zonke ezi ntshukumo zathonywe ngumbango wokufumana into ngokubuyisela imizamo yakho.
Intshukumo Yomsebenzi Ikhuthaza njani?
Ngokuphambene nezinye iingcamango ezibonisa ukuba sishukunyiswa kwisenzo ngokuqhuba kwangaphakathi (njenge -theory-reduction theory of motivation ), inkolelo yokukhuthaza inkohlakalo endaweni leyo ibonisa ukuba sithatha inxaxheba ngaphandle kokukhuthaza.
Unokufanisa i-incentive theory kwimeko yokusebenza . Kanye njengoko kusebenza kwimeko yokuziphatha, apho kuqhutyelwa khona ukuziphatha ukuze ufumane ukuqiniswa okanye uphephe isigwebo , inkolelo yokukhuthaza ithi izenzo zakho zijoliswe ekuzuzeni umvuzo.
Ziziphi iintlobo zembuyekezo? Cinga ngohlobo luni lwezinto ezikukhuthaza ukuba ufunde nzima kwaye wenze kakuhle esikolweni. Amabakala amahle yinto enye yokukhuthaza. Ukufumana uzuko kunye nokuxhaswa kootitshala bakho kunye nabazali banokuba ngabanye. Imali ingumzekelo omhle womvuzo wangaphandle okhuthaza ukuziphatha. Kwiimeko ezininzi, le mivuzo yangaphandle inokukukhuthaza ukuba wenze izinto onokuziphepha kuzo ezifana nemisebenzi, umsebenzi kunye neminye imisebenzi onokuyifumana.
Ezinye izikhuthazo Ziyabakhuthaza ngakumbi kunabanye
Ngokucacileyo, akuzona zonke izikhuthazo ezenziwe zilinganayo kwaye imivuzo oyifumanayo ishukumisayo ayinako ukukhuthaza omnye umntu ukuba athathe isenzo. Izinto ezinobomi, ezentlalontle kunye neengcamango zingabamba indima kwizinto ezikhuthaza ukuba ukhuthaze.
Ngokomzekelo, unako ukukhuthazwa ngokutya xa ulambile ngokwenene xa uzele. Umfana osemtsha unokushukunyiswa ukuba ahlambulule igumbi lakhe ngesithembiso somdlalo wevidiyo okhanukileyo xa omnye umntu efumana loo mdlalo ungaphili.
"Ixabiso le-incentive litshintshana ngokuhamba kwexesha nakwiimeko ezahlukeneyo," kubhala umlobi uStephen L. Franzoi kwisicatshulwa sakhe : Psychology: I-Experience Experience . "Ngokomzekelo, ukufumana indumiso kubazali bakho kunokuba nexabiso elikhuthazayo kuwe kwezinye iimeko, kodwa kungekhona kwabanye." Xa uhlala ekhaya, udumo lwabazali bakho luba ncedo oluhle. ukuphuma kwindlela yakho ukuze ugweme ukufumana indumiso yabazali, kuba bakho abahlobo banokukuhlekisa. "
Imiba ebalulekileyo
- Izibonelelo zingasetyenziselwa ukuba abantu bahlanganyele kwimimiselo ethile, kodwa bangasetyenziselwa ukuba abantu bayeke ukwenza izenzo ezithile.
- Izikhuthazo ziba namandla kuphela xa umntu ebeka ukubaluleka kumvuzo.
- Imivuzo kufuneka ifumaneke ukuze ikhuthaze. Ngokomzekelo, umfundi akayi kukhuthazwa ukuba athole ibakala eliphezulu kwiimviwo ukuba isabelo sinzima kangangokuthi asikwazi ukufezekisa.
Funda kabanzi malunga neengcamango ezahlukeneyo zokukhuthaza .
> Imithombo:
> Bernstein, iDaily Essentials of psychology. EBelmont, CA: iWadsworth; 2011.
> Franzoi, SL Psychology: Amava okufumanisa. UMason, OH: eMzantsi-Koloni, kwiCengage Learning; 2011.
> Hockenbury, DH & Hockenbury, SE Psychology. I-New York: AbaPashi Abafanelekileyo; 2011.
> Wong, L. Izakhono zokufunda ezibalulekileyo. EBoston: iWadsworth; 2012.