Ukuba Uxinezelekile Ngezopolitiko, Joyina Iqela!
Ngaba ufumene unxinzelelo ngakumbi kunokuba uxoxwa ngezopolitiko kunye nelizwe lwakutshanje? Ngaba ukhathazeka malunga nesikolo esithathayo, mhlawumbi ngakumbi ngaphezu kwangaphambili? Ngaba uvakalelwa kukuba le nto ithatha umthwalo kwiimeko zakho zemvakalelo, kunye nempilo yakho yempilo? Ukuba kunjalo, awunabo. Kude kuyo, ngokwenene. Kwaye uphando oluvela kwi-American Psychological Association luyabonisa.
Kwaye ukuba ungeva ngale ndlela, amathuba kukuba uninzi lwabantu abasondelene nawe luva luhlobo loxinzelelo. Okokuqala, nantoni na malunga nokuxabana kunye noxinzelelo ngokubanzi, ukuqonda okusekelwe ngakumbi kukuthi wena okanye abantu abazungezile bafumana ntoni.
Ukuxinezeleka kunye neNtlupheko yoLwaphulo
Ingxabano yenye yezona zinto ezibangela uxinzelelo esibhekana nazo ebomini bethu, nokuba ngaba ingqubuzana nabasebenzi basebenzisana nabo, ukusuka kwintsapho, kwabanye abantu abakhulu, kubahlobo bethu, okanye nakubantu esihlangana nabo kwisitrato kunye nabantu ababaziyo wazi kakuhle. Impikiswano isoloko ithatha umthwalo onzima kunezona ezininzi iintlobo zengcinezelo. Akunakuthi nje senze ukuba sizizwe sisisiseko senkxaso esisezantsi kwaye senze ukuba siqaphele ukuba kukho ingxaki ekufuneka ixazululwe, kodwa inokuthi ifake "imfuno yethu yokubambisa", isenze sikwazi ukuziva singaphantsi kwelokhuseleko olusekelwe kwiqela sifuna ukufuna.
(Jonga le ngqungquthela malunga ne- Maslow's Hierarchy of Needs ngaphezulu kwiimfuno zakho zobuntu.)
Impikiswano yezopolitiko ingabangela uxinzelelo ngakumbi kuba imbono yezopolitiko inokuhlukana kakhulu, kwaye oku kungavumelani kungabikho nje kuphela phakathi kwabahlobo kodwa phakathi kwabahlobo abasondeleyo kunye nabamalungu entsapho, apho iimeko zingaphaya ngakumbi.
Abantu abaninzi abanqweneli ukuba "bavumelane ukungavumelani" kodwa kunokuba bazame ukukhuthaza abantu abaneengcamango ezichasayo ukuba izimvo zabo "azilungile," ezinokuthi zibuyiselwe ikakhulu xa kuboniswa imbono yezopolitiko. Iindaba zentlalo kunye neengxoxo ze-intanethi ziyakwenza kwaye zenze igalelo ekukhunjuleni nasekuhambisweni kweminye yeengxoxo zezopolitiko. Ukongezelela, kukho utshintsho oluninzi olwenzeka kweli lizwe elinokuba lucinezeleke ngakumbi kwabo baxhalabele ngolu hlobo lwezinto ezithathayo. Oku kungakuzisa iingxoxo ezingabangela ukwahlukanisa phambili.
Umgaqo-siseko kukuba ukungaqiniseki kwezopolitiko kunokudala ukuxinezeleka kunye nokudala imingeni, kungakhathaliseki ukuba yiyiphi inkolelo yakho okanye yiphi iqela ovotayo ngexesha lonyulo. Kwaye amaninzi aseMelika (kwaye, baninzi, abantu behlabathi lonke) bafumana uxinzelelo kunye noxinzelelo oluhambelana nokutshintshwa kwamandla kwangoko kunye nokukhawuleza kwezitshintsho ezenzeke kwezopolitiko eMelika kule nyanga zakutshanje. Ngenxa yoko, abantu abaninzi banenkxalabo malunga noluntu lwesizwe kunye nesikhokelo esithatha izinto. Ucwaningo lwe-APA luchaza kabanzi malunga nalo.
I-APA Study: Inkxalabo eMelika
I-APA ka-2016 Inkxalabo e-America ™ yophando yabonisa ukuba ababini baseMelika abathathu (ama-66 ekhulwini) bathi ikusasa lwesizwe sethu ngumthombo obangela ukuxinezeleka kwabo, kwaye i-57 ekhulwini bathi banxibelele kwiimeko zezopolitiko zangoku.
Oku kunjalo, into echazwe njengeyona nto ixinzelelekileyo ekufundeni abaphenduli. Oku kukunyuka kwinto abantu abaye bayichaza ngaphambili kunye nenani elikhulu elibonisa ukuba uninzi lwabantu baseMelika baziva bexinekile kule ndawo.
Izibonakaliso zengcinezelo ziyahlukahluka kubantu kodwa ziquka ukudibanisa kwengqondo (iimvakalelo ezinjengokukhathazeka, ukuxhatshazwa, ukukhathazeka, kunye nokukhathazeka ngokubanzi) kunye neempawu zomzimba, kuquka ukuphathwa kwentloko, ukulala, iingxaki zesisu kunye nokunye ukuphendula.
Abantu bajongana noxinzelelo kwiindlela ezininzi ezahlukeneyo. Ezinye zezi ndlela ziphilile kwaye zihamba kakuhle, njengokuzibandakanya nokucamngca , kwaye ezinye ziphilileyo, njengokubandakanyeka ekuhambeni okanye ukuziphatha kakubi.
Uxinzelelo olunokuba luncedo xa lulawulwa; siyazi ukuba amanqanaba omgangatho ophantsi wokunyamezela angasishukumisela ukuba sigqibezele iphrojekthi okanye sifinyelele injongo. Noxinzelelo oluninzi, nangona kunjalo, kunye nokuxinezeleka okungapheliyo, lunokuchaphazela kakubi impilo yethu yengqondo kunye nempilo ngeendlela ezininzi. Amanqanaba aphezulu oxinzelelo axhatshaxakile, uxinzelelo, ukukhathala, isifo senhliziyo kunye nokunyuswa kwengcinezelo yegazi kunye neminye imiba yempilo enzulu.
Ukukwazi oku kungabangela uxinzelelo kunye, kodwa kukho iindlela ezininzi ezinokukunceda ekulawuleni uxinzelelo ngokubanzi, kwaye luncedo ngokunyanzeliswa kwezopolitiko ngokukodwa. Oku kubalulekile ukwazi, kuba ukusebenza ngokumalunga nokulawula uxinzelelo kungenza umehluko kwindlela osebenza ngayo uxinzelelo lwakho, kwaye uncede ukuthintela ukunyuka kokungathembeki okuzondlayo.
Ngethamsanqa, kukho amanyathelo oza kuthatha ukulawula uxinzelelo lwakho ngexesha lokutshintsha kwezopolitiko. Nangona zingekho izinto ezizodwa ongayenza ukuze utshintshe iingqondo zabangamandla, kukho izinto onokuzenza ukuze unciphise uxinzelelo ovakalelwa ngalo ngenxa yoko. Amanyathelo angenza umehluko phakathi kokuziva uhlale ecinezelekile kwaye eziva ephantsi okanye egxininisekile, okanye endiyixinzelelekanga.
I-APA inikeza iingcebiso ezilandelayo:
- Hlala unolwazi, kodwa wazi imida yakho. Cinga ukuba uninzi lweendaba ozithathileyo kunye nendlela le nkcazelo ikuchaphazela ngayo. Ukuba uxakeke ngeemeko zikazwelonke kwaye uphazamisana nobomi bakho bemihla ngemihla, oku kungaba ngumqondiso wokunciphisa iindaba zakho zokubamba kunye nokunciphisa iingxoxo zeendaba zoluntu. Ngokomzekelo, abanye abantu banokukufumana kunceda ukucwangcisa ibhola elincinci kwantambama kunye nelinye kusihlwa ukufumana iindaba ngaphandle kokuhlola zonke izibuyekezo ezintsha ngosuku. Ngethuba lexesha "idijithali," thabatha ixesha lokugxila kwinto enandiyolisayo, njengento yokuzilibazisa, ukusebenzisa, okanye ukuchitha ixesha kunye nosapho nabahlobo.
- Fumana izinto eziqhelekileyo nabanye. Sidibanisa nabantu nsuku zonke iinkolelo zabo zifani neyethu. Ukuba umxholo wezopolitiko zivela, thintela iingxoxo ezicuthayo kwaye uzama ukuchonga izinto eziqhelekileyo kwiimbono zakho ezahlukeneyo. Ngamanye amaxesha imibono eyahlukeneyo inokuvela kumgaqo ofanayo. Vula ukuva ibali lomnye umntu, kwaye mhlawumbi uze uqinisekise indlela abavakalelwa ngayo. Xa sicwangcisa ukucinga kwethu ngale ndlela, kunokuba lula ukunyamezela okanye ukuqonda abantu abanemibono eyahlukeneyo kwaye, mhlawumbi, sebenzisane kunye nenjongo efanayo. Ukuba ufumana kunzima ukuxoxa ngemiba yezopolitiko ngendlela ezolile kwaye eyakhayo, kungenokuba ngcono ukukhupha ingxoxo.
- Fumana iindlela ezithintekayo zokubandakanyeka kuluntu lwakho. Ukuchonga imiba ebalulekileyo kuwe, kunye nemibutho yophando esebenza kule miba. Xhumana nabo ubone indlela onokuzibandakanya ngayo imizamo yabo. Unokuqwalasela ukubandakanyeka kwezopolitiko zendawo, apho kunokukwazi ukubona impembelelo ngqo yimizamo yakho. Yiya kwiintlanganiso zebhunga ledolophu okanye intlanganiso yeehholo zeedolophu ukuphulaphula nokuxelela iingcamango zakho kunye namagosa akhethiweyo. Ukuthatha amanyathelo asebenzayo ukulungisa iinkxalabo zakho kunokunciphisa iimvakalelo zengcinezelo.
- Funa induduzo. Imibutho enokholo kunye neminye imibutho yoluntu inokubonelela ngenkxaso ebalulekileyo yengqondo kunye nokomoya ngexesha loxinzelelo. Ukuzibandakanya kwimisebenzi eqabulayo, efana nokucamngca, ukuphumula okuqhubekayo okanye ukukhumbula, kunokukunceda ukunxibelelana nomzuzu wamanje uze ufumane uxolo.
- Zikhathalele. Ngenxa yokuba uxinzelelo lunokuba nempembelelo engokwenyama nangokomzwelo kwimpilo yakho yonke , fumana imisebenzi onokuyithanda ukukunceda uhlaziye kwaye unciphise uxinzelelo lwakho, njengokusebenzisa, ukuphulaphula umculo wakho ozithandayo okanye ukuchitha ixesha kunye nosapho osondeleyo nabahlobo. Kubalulekile ukubeka phambili ukulala ngokwaneleyo, ukutya ukutya okunempilo, nokuphepha ukusetyenziswa ngendlela engafanelekanga yokusetyenziswa kotywala kunye nezinto ezisetyenziswayo.
Ukuba uxinzelelo luqala ukuphazamisa inkqubo yakho yansuku zonke ixesha elide, okanye ukuba awukwazi ukulawula uxinzelelo lwakho, kusenokuba ixesha lokubona isazi sezengqondo okanye enye ingcali yezempilo yengqondo. Iingcali zengqondo ziqeqeshwe ukuqonda ukudibanisa phakathi kwengqondo nomzimba kwaye inokukunceda ukuba ubone iinkalo zeengxaki kwaye uphuhlise isicwangciso senzalo sokutshintsha.
> Umthombo: Ugxininiso eMerika Study, APA , 2017.