Ngamanye amaxesha abantu basebenzisa amagama okunyanzela nokunyanzeliswa . Nangona kunjalo, abayiyo into efanayo. Uwuphi umehluko phakathi kwezi zibini?
Ukuchaza umlutha nokunyanzeliswa
Umlutha yixesha elibanzi, elisetyenziselwa ukuchaza inkqubo yonke abantu abaxhomekeke kuyo kwizinto ezithile okanye ukuziphatha ukuze bahlangabezane nobomi.
Ukuxhomekeka kubaluleke kakhulu kumntu ukuba baya kuqhubeka ekusebenziseni ixabiso okanye ukubandakanyeka ekuziphatheni, nangona xa kubungozi ngokwabo, intsapho yabo kunye nezinye izinto ezibalulekileyo zobomi babo.
Ngokwahlukileyo, ukunyanzeliswa kuyigama elincinci, elisetyenziselwa ukuchaza intshutshiso enzulu yokwenza into, ngezinye izihlandlo ekukhokelela ekuziphatheni, kodwa ayisoloko ihlala. Iimfuno zolawulo ziyingxenye encinci kodwa ebalulekileyo kwinkqubo yokulutha kunye neyona nxalenye enkulu yeengxaki eziphosakeleyo.
Unjani umlutha kunye nokunyanzeliswa? Njengoko umlutha ukhula, uqala ukubandakanya umnqweno okanye ukunyanzeliswa ukuba athathe into enomlutha, njengotywala okanye i-heroin, okanye ukuqhuba umlutha wokuziphatha, njengokungcakaza okanye ukulala ngesondo, kodwa kubandakanya ezinye iinkqubo.
Ulwahlulo oluphambili
Kukho iintlukwano ezimbini ezibalulekileyo phakathi kokulutha nokunyanzeliswa. Ziquka:
1. Ukuzonwabisa
Ukunyanzeliswa, ubuncinane njengoko kuhlangenwe nakho kwi-disorder-disulsive disorder, akubandakanyi amava okuzonwabisa, ngelixa umlutha uyenzayo.
Ngelixa abantu abanezidakamizwa behlupheka ngeendlela zonke zokuphazamiseka, umnqweno wokusebenzisa le nkunkuma okanye ukubandakanya ekuziphatheni kusekelwe kulindeleke ukuba kuya kuba mnandi.
Ngokwahlukileyo, umntu ojongene nokunyanzeliswa njengenxalenye yesifo esiyingozi-ntliziyo angenakufumana nantoni na ukuzonwabisa kwakhe.
Ngokuqhelekileyo, yindlela yokujongana nenxalenye ebangeleyo yentleba, okubangelwa yimvakalelo.
Oku kunokudideka kakhulu kuba kukho ixesha eliza kubakho abantu abanomlutha apho bengenakuyithandana nokuziphatha kakubi, kwaye bafuna ukukhululeka ekusebenziseni okanye ukubandakanya ukuziphatha. Oku kuhlanganiswa ngamava okuhoxiswa ngokuphindaphindiweyo xa beyeka ukuthatha inkunkuma okanye ukubandakanya ukuziphatha. Nangona oku kukhangeleka njengokuziphatha okunyanzelekileyo ngenxa yokuzonwabisa, iinjongo zokuqala zokuzibandakanya ekuziphatheni kukuziva kakuhle.
2. Eyona nyaniso
Olunye ulwahlulo olukhulu phakathi kokulutha kunye nokunyanzeliswa kuhambelana nokuqonda komntu ngokwenene. Xa abantu banenkinga yokunyanzelisa, baqhele ukuba bayazi ukuba ukunyaniseka kwabo akunjalo. Bahlala bephazamiseka ngenxa yokuba banesidingo sokwenza ukuziphatha okungahambi kakuhle, kodwa bakwenza oko nangoko ukukhulula uxhalabo lwabo.
Ngokwahlukileyo, abantu abaneenxila bahlala bexhomekeke ekungenangqiqo kwezenzo zabo, beziva ukuba bafumana ixesha elifanelekileyo kwaye ezinye izinto ezixhalabisayo azibalulekanga. Oku kudla ngokubizwa ngokuba ukuphika ngenxa yokuba umntu onomlutha ophika ukuba ukusebenzisa kwakhe okanye ukuziphatha kuyinkinga.
Ngokuqhelekileyo akude kube nemiphumo embi eyenzekayo njengeqabane elihambayo, ingozi yokuqhubela utywala, okanye ukulahlekelwa ngumsebenzi, ukuba bajamelene nokunyaniseka kwabo.
Kutheni Kukho Ukudideka?
Umlutha kunye nokunyanzeliswa yimiqathango yomibini eyenziwe ngolwimi lwethu lwemihla ngemihla. Njengamazwi amaninzi asetyenziswa ngokufanayo, anokusetyenziswa kakubi kwaye aqondwe kakuhle. Oku kubangela ukudideka komntu wonke, ngakumbi abo banengxaki yokuxhatshazwa kunye nokunyanzeliswa, kodwa kunye nabaqeqeshi abazama ukukunceda. Ngokuqhelekileyo, abantu basebenzisa la magama ngokungafaniyo ngaphandle kokucinga malunga nokuhlukana phakathi kwabo.
Kukho izizathu ezininzi zokuthi igama elithi "ukunyanzeliswa" lusetyenziswe ngokumalunga nokuziphatha okuluthayo.
Ekuqaleni, ukunyanzeliswa kwexesha kuthatyathwe kwimbono yokulutha okufikelela kumaziko enjabulo eengqondo. Kamva, igama elithi "ukunyanzeliswa" lisetyenziswe endaweni "yokulutha" kwithemba lokuba liza kwandisa ukufaneleka kwonyango kunye nokwenza kube lula ukuba unyango luza kubanjiswa ngabaqhankqalazi.
Imithombo:
Umbutho wezeMpilo waseMerika. "Incwadana yokuHlola kunye neSatistim of Disabilities of the Mind, 4th,.", 2000 Washington, DC: APA.
Iimpawu, P. "Ukutshaya okanye ukunyanzeliswa? Iipolitiki okanye ukugula?" Ukunyanzela ngokwesondo kunye nokunyanzeliswa 3: 127-150. 1996.