Abantu abaninzi abadala abanengxaki yokukhathazeka kweengxaki (ADHD) nabo banzima ukuphazamiseka. Ngamanye amaxesha lo xhalaba luvela ngenxa yeempawu ze- ADHD .
Ukuba unobunzima bokulawula iimfuno zansuku zonke zobomi, zihlala zingapheliyo, zibalekele, zineenkathazo zokudibanisa ixesha elide kunye nezibophelelo, zixakeke ngemali, zixubushe kwiintetho, zithethe okanye zenze izinto ngokukhawuleza, zingabi neengqiqo kwiimeko zoluntu-ngokuqinisekileyo oku kuya malunga neemvakalelo ezingapheliyo.
Unokhathazeka ngokugcina yonke into. Unokukhathazeka malunga noko kuya kuhamba kakubi ngokulandelayo. Liza kwenzeka nini "ukuhla"? Ndiza kuthetha ntoni emva kokuhlazeka okanye omnye umntu? Usenokuba yesoyiko ngelixa elizayo xa ukhawuleza kwi-aphoyintimenti ebalulekileyo ukuba uya kuphinda ufike ngokukhawuleza kwakhona.
Ngamanye amaxesha, abadala abane-ADHD bakhathazeka ngendlela eyahlukileyo. Kunokuba nzima kakhulu ukulawula imisebenzi yemihla ngemihla enokuzifumana uxhalabile ngendlela ephosakeleyo njengendlela yokuzama ukuzilungiselela. Ngaba ezi nkxalabo ziyaziwayo? "Ndimele ndikhumbule ukubuyela kumnxeba ngoFebruwari 1"; "Ingxelo kufuneka iphele ngoMvulo"; kwaye "andinakulibala ukuthabatha abantwana ekuqaleni kweSikolo soLwesihlanu kuba banokuqokwa kwamazinyo."
Kule meko, ingqondo yakho inokulungiswa kwixhala. Kwabanye abantu, le ndlela yindlela efanelekileyo yokulungiselela nokukhumbula. Kwabanye, lo xinzelelo oluzimeleyo luba lukhulu nakakhulu.
Ngenxa yokukhathazeka okukhulu kunye nomthwalo onxenywe phezu kwentloko yakho, unokufumanisa ukuba uvale ngakumbi. Abanye abantu bafumana ukuqonda ukukhubazeka okubavimbela ukuba baqhube phambili.
I-ADHD kunye neengxaki zokuxhalabisa
Ukongeza kwimiqondiso yokuxhalabisa ehambelana ne-ADHD ichazwe ngasentla, uphando lufumana umbutho onamandla phakathi kwe-ADHD kunye neengxaki zokuxhalabisa.
Phantse 25% ukuya kuma-40% abantu abadala abane-ADHD banesifo sokuxhalabisa.
Iziphazamiso zokuxhalabisa ziyakwazi ukuzibonakalisa ezihlukeneyo zemizimba, imizwelo, ingqiqo kunye neendlela zokuziphatha. Iimpawu eziqhelekileyo zezi ngxaki zixhalaba kakhulu, zixhala, zivalo, kwaye zisoyika. Le nto ihlala ihamba kunye nemizwa yokungazinzi, ihlale "ikhethiweyo" okanye ihlale ihleli, iingxaki zokugxininisa (okanye ingqondo ingenanto), ukuphazamiseka kokulala, ukuxhatshazwa kwemisipha, ukucasula, ukukhathala, nokuxhalabisa.
Kunokuba nzima kakhulu ukuphumla nokuthatha inxaxheba ngokupheleleyo ebomini kunye nale mpawu. Umntu ngokukhawuleza uqala ukuphephelela imeko apho umphumo ongenakwenzeka. Ukuba loo mntu unako ukujongana nale meko, unokukwazi ukwenza njalo ngokuchitha ixesha elide kunye nomzamo olungiselela. Ukuxhalabisa kunokubangela ukukhawuleza ekuziphatheni okanye kwisigqibo kunye nesidingo sokufuna ngokuphindaphindiweyo ukuqinisekiswa ngenxa yokukhathazeka.
Ukuphatha i-ADHD kunye nokuxhalabisa
Kucacile ukuba iimpawu ze-ADHD - ukungalindelekanga, ukungazinzi, ukuzinyameka, iingxaki zokulala, ukuxhalabisa-kunokungahambi kakuhle neempawu zokuxhalaba. Ngoko enye yamanyathelo okuqala ekucwangciseni unyango kukuchaza ukuba ngaba ukuphazamiseka kwezi zinto zivela kwi-ADHD (ngaphantsi kwe-ADHD) okanye nokuba ziyimiphumo yesifo esicacileyo, esinezixhala.
Kungakhathaliseki nokuba umntu udibana neempendulo zokuxilongwa kwimiba yokuxhalabisa, kucacile ukuba iimpawu ze-ADHD zingabangela ukukhathazeka okungapheliyo oku kunokunyanzela ukusebenza komntu, inonwabo kunye nenqanaba lokuzithemba. Kubalulekile ukuqonda nokulawula i-ADHD epheleleyo.
Abantu abaninzi abadala abane-ADHD kunye nexhala elixhamlayo kwiinkqubo zonyango yokuziphatha ngokubambisana nokunyango olufanelekileyo lwezonyango.
Umthombo:
I-ADHD Comorbidities: Incwadi yeengxaki ze-ADHD kwi-Children and Adult. I-Rosemary Tannock, i-Ph.D., iSahluko 8: I-ADHD kunye neengxaki zokuxhalabisa . Ehlelwe nguThomas E. Brown, Ph.D. Ukunyathelisa i-Psychiatric American. 2009.
Umbutho wezeMpilo waseMerika. I-Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Disabilities-IV. Ukukhathazeka ngokuxhalabisa.
U-Edward M. Hallowell, MD, noJohn J. Ratey, MD, baqhutyelwa ukuphazamiseka: Ukuqaphela kunye nokujongana neNgxaki yokuKhathazeka kweNkcazo ukusuka kwi-Childhood Through Adult Adult. ITystone. 1994.