ABANTU ABANTU ABANTU ABANTU ABANTU ABANTU ABANTU ABANTU ABANTU ABANTU ABANTU ABAKHULU NGOKUPHAKATHI KWEZIMALI
Ingaba yinto engafanelekanga ukuba isiqingatha sabadala abavakalisa iimpawu zokunqongophala kweengxaki ( hydactivity disorder) (i-ADHD) kwakhona ingxelo yengxaki yokusetyenziswa kakubi kweziyobisi, kuquka utywala?
Ingaba enye imeko ikwandisa umngcipheko kwenye? Okanye ngaba kukho ukuhlanganiswa kwezinto zokuzalwa ezingafaniyo, ukuxhomekeka kweemoto, ukunyanzelisa, kunye notywala ? Okanye ngaba kukho ukudibanisa ezimbini?
Abanye abaphandi bakholelwa ukuba baye bafumanisa i-phenotype okanye "iphrofayili" yabantu abane-ADHD kunye notywala.
Nangona uphando lwangaphambili lucebise ukufana kohlobo lwe-ADHD kunye nokusetyenziswa kotywala, i-University of Regensburg isifundo ayifumananga negalelo elibonakalayo lamagciwane ahlukeneyo asemthethweni, i-polymorphism yokukhuthaza i-serotonin i-gene carrier (5-HTT) kunye ne-5-HT2c receptor Cys23Ser polymorphism.
Iimpawu ze-ADHD kunye noTywala
"Iziphumo zethu zibonisa ukuba abantu abaneempawu ze-ADHD eziqhubekayo ekukhuleni kubonakala bengoomngcipheko ophezulu wokuphuhlisa utywala lokusetyenziswa kotywala ," watsho uMonika Johann, ugqirha kunye nohlolisiso kwi-Yunivesithi yaseRegensburg kunye nombhali wokuqala wokufunda. "Ngaphezu koko, kukho ubungqina obunzima kakhulu bokuxhomekeka kotywala kwizifundo ezine-ADHD."
Abaphandi bahlolisise izidakamizwa ezingama-314 (abantu abangama-262, abafazi abangama-52) kunye ne-220 izifundo eziphathekayo zokulawula impilo, yonke inzala yaseJamani.
Umntu ngamnye othathe inxaxheba wavavanywa ukukhathazeka ngengqondo, njengengxaki yokusebenzisa izidakamizwa (kubandakanywa nokusela utywala), i-ADHD, kunye ne- disorder personality disorder (APD).
Imithombo yeGenetic Accountability
Izigulane ezineembali zeengxaki ezinkulu zengqondo, kuquka ukucindezeleka kunye ne- schizophrenia , kunye nalabo abaneziyobisi kwiidakamizwa ngaphandle kotywala kunye ne-nicotine babengabandakanywa uphando.
I-Genotyping yenziwa ngaphandle kolwazi lwesimo sokuxilonga, ngokugxila kumgqugquzeli we-5-HTT kunye ne-5-HT2c yeCys23Ser polymorphism.
U-Johann uthi: "Ngaphambi kokuba uphando lweengxaki ze-neuroendocrine kunye neziyobisi ezibizwa ngokuba yi-fenfluramine kwizifundo ezine-ADHD okanye utywala obunxilisayo kubonakalisa ukungalingani okufanayo kwi-serotonergic neurotransmission xa kuthelekiswa nezifundo eziqhelekileyo." Impendulo eqhelekileyo yokulawulwa kwe-fenfluramine kukunyuka okwenyukayo kwiplacta yokujikeleza. Ukunyuka okuqhelekileyo kudibaniswe kwizifundo ezine-ADHD okanye utywala. Izixhobo ezisemgangathweni ezijongene nokukhululwa kweprolactin e-fenfluramine zi-5-HTT kunye ne-5-HT2c Ngoko ke, bobabini babonakala bebonakala njengemithombo evulekileyo yemithwalo yemfuza ye-ADHD kunye notywala. "
I-Genetic Predisposition ayifumananga
Noko ke, akukho nanye kubo, kubonakala ngathi yingozi yemfuza kwisampuli ehlolwayo. "Idatha yethu ibonisa ukuba umgqugquzeli we-5-HTT kunye ne-5-HT2c Cys23Ser polymorphism ayinakuthintela kwisimo sokusetyenziswa kohlobo lwe-ADHD kunye nokuxhomekeka kotywala," kusho uYohn. "Nangona kunjalo, ezinye iiglethi zeefomethi azange ziphandwe."
Nangona kunjalo, iziphumo zibonisa i-phenotype ecacileyo, indlela yokulinganisa umgangatho okanye ukuziphatha okubonakalayo.
Ucwaningo lwaseRegensburg lufumene ukuba izidakwa ezindala kunye ne-ADHD zinomdla wokusela utshwala wemihla ngemihla ngokunyanga, ubuncinane bokuqala kokuxhomekeka kotywala , ixesha eliphakamileyo leengcamango zokuzibulala, inani elikhulu leenkqubo zenkundla, kunye nento enkulu APD.
Ngaloo ndlela, naphezu kokungabikho kwenkxaso yesimo esivamile somzimba, "i-data ibonisa kwakhona ukuba i-ADHD ithetha ukuba kusemngciphekweni omkhulu wokuphuhlisa ukuxhomekeka kotywala," kusho u-Ema Loncarek, ugqirha wezonyango, kunye nonyango kwiklinikhi yengqondo. kwiYunivesithi yaseRegensburg. I-Loncarek isebenza kwiwadi ngenxa yokuxhatshazwa kweziyobisi ezingekho mthethweni, ukubonelela nge-detoxification kunye neyeza.
I-ADHD iyalithwala nzima ukujongana
Iziphumo zikaDkt Johann ze-phenotype zisondele kakhulu kwinto esizibonayo kwizidakamizwa ezidakamizwa nge-ADHD, kwaye yintoni echazwe ngaphambili ngabanye ababhali. Sibona rhoqo ukuba izilwanyana eziluthayo nge-ADHD zinzima ukuziphatha. ukusetyenziswa kakubi kwezidakamizwa ngaphaya kwezinye abantu, utshintshe ngaphambili kumayeza 'anzima', thabatha ixesha elide ukuqala unyango, kwaye uthathe ixesha elide ukugqiba ngempumelelo unyango. "
Uphononongo lufumene ukuba ngaphakathi kweli qela lala manxila, izifundo ezine-ADHD xa zikhulile zi:
- Izihlandlo ezintlanu ukuya kwezihlandlo eziphindwe kabili kunabantu bonke
- Iminyaka emine emncinci ekuqalekeni kotywala
- UDrank 50 amagremu ngaphezulu kotywala ngosuku
- Kuphindwe kabini kunokwenzeka ukuba unentsapho yembali yotywala
- Izihlandlo ezintathu eziphakamileyo ze-disability social disorder
- Izihlandlo ezisixhenxe zokuba zijamelane neenkqubo zenkundla
- Ukuphindaphinda kabini ubude beengcinga zokuzibulala
Uncedo oluthile olufunekayo
Bobabini uJohn noLoncarek bathetha ngesidingo sokuphuhliswa nokuvavanywa kweenkqubo ezizodwa zonyango ezijongene "neenkcukacha ze-phenotypical" kunye neengxaki ezikhoyo ngokufana notywala kunye ne-ADHD. Nangona iipilisi ze-pharmacological, eziye zaphawula, ziye zavandlakanywa ngokubanzi kunyango lwe-ADHD ebuntwaneni, ingqalelo encinci inikwe abantu abasebenzisa kakubi abantu abane-ADHD xa bekhulile. "
U-Johann uthi, "I-ADHD ibonakala inganyaniseki xa ikhulile, kodwa ibonakala ibaluleke kakhulu engozini yokuphuhliswa kotywala."
Umthombo:
Johann M, et al. Ukuxhatshazwa koTywala Ukuxhomekeka-Ukuphulukana nokuxhatshazwa kweengxaki: Ukungavumelani kwiFenotype ngokunyuka kobunzima beMpahla, kodwa kungekhona kwi-Genotype (iSerotonin Transporter kunye ne-5-Hydroxytryptamine-2c Receptor). Utywala: Uphando lwezonyango kunye noPhando . 2003.