Wonke umntu uyazi ubuncinane omnye walabo bantu abazimisele ukubeka ingozi kwimpilo yabo kunye nenhlalakahle ukunceda abanye. Yintoni ebangela ukuba abo bantu banike ixesha labo, amandla, nemali ekuphuculeni abanye, nangona bengafumani nto ebonakalayo ngokubuyisela?
Ukuchaza iAlruism
Altruism ukukhathazeka ngokungenabugovu kwabanye abantu; ukwenza izinto nje ngomnqweno wokunceda, kungekhona ngenxa yokuba uziva unyanzelekile ukuba ungabikho emsebenzini, ukunyaniseka okanye izizathu zonqulo.
Ubomi bemihla ngemihla buzaliswe izinto ezincinci, ezivela kwidoda evenkile ivenkile. Ngokuqinisekileyo ugcina umnyango uvule njengoko ugijimayo ukusuka kwindawo yokupaka ukuya kumfazi obanika iidola ezingama-20 kumntu ongenamakhaya.
Iindaba zamabakala zihlala zigxila kwiimeko ezinzulu zokuzimela, ezifana nomntu ohamba emfuleni oshushu ukuba ahlangule umfokazi omanzi okanye umnikeli onomusa onika amawaka eedola kwi-charity yendawo. Ngelixa siyazi kakuhle izinto ezinzulu, izazi zengqondo zentlalo zinomdla wokuqonda ukuba kutheni kwenzeka. Yintoni ekhuthaza ezi zenzo zobubele? Yintoni ekhuthaza abantu ukuba babeke ubomi babo engozini ukuze basindise umfokazi opheleleyo?
Ukuziphatha ngokuzimeleyo kunye ne-Altruism
I-Altruism yinto enye yezinto zengqondo zentlalo ezibhekiselele ekuziphatheni komzimba . Ukuziphatha ngokusemthethweni kubhekisela nasiphi na isenzo esiza kunceda abanye abantu, kungakhathaliseki ukuba sisiphi isizathu okanye indlela umniki-mali anenzuzo ngayo kwenzo. Khumbula ke, ukuba ukunyaniseka okulungileyo kunokuquka ukungabi nantoni.
Nangona zonke izenzo ezithandabuzayo zizinzileyo, azikho zonke iindlela zokuziphatha ezingahambi kakuhle. Ngokomzekelo, sinokubanceda abanye ngezizathu ezahlukeneyo ezinjengetyala, inembopheleleko, umsebenzi, okanye nemiphumo.
Iingcamango zokuthi kutheni izinto ezintle zikhona
Iingcali zengqondo ziye zaphakamisa iingcaciso ezahlukeneyo zokuba kutheni izinto ezinokuthi zikhona, kuquka:
- Izizathu zeBhiliyo. Ukukhethwa kweKin yinkcazo yokuziphendukela kwemvelo ephakamisa ukuba abantu banako ukubanceda abo banezihlobo zegazi kuba kuya kwandisa iimeko zokutshintshelwa kwemfuza kwizizukulwana ezizayo. Iingcamango zibonisa ukuba ukunyaniseka kwintsapho esondeleyo kuyenzeka ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukuqhutyelwa kwezakhi zofuzo ezabelwana ngazo. Ngokusondeleyo abantu abadibeneyo, abantu banokuthi bancede.
- Izizathu ze-neurological. Altruism isebenzela amaziko okuvuza kwingqondo. Iingcali ze-neurobiologists ziye zafumanisa ukuba xa zibandakanya isenzo esingenakuzenzela, amaziko okuzonwabisa enengqondo asebenza.
- Izizathu zendalo. Uphononongo olutshanje eStanford lubonisa ukuba ukusebenzisana kwethu kunye nolwalamano nabanye kubathonya elikhulu ekuziphatheni.
- Izithethe zentlalo. Imithetho yombutho, imimiselo, kunye nokulindela nazo zinokuchaphazela nokuba ngaba abantu ababandakanyekanga ekuziphatheni okubi. Umgangatho wokulungelelanisa , umzekelo, ulindelo loluntu apho siziva sinyanzeliswa ukuncedisa abanye ukuba sele senze okuthile kuthi. Umzekelo, ukuba umhlobo wakho uboleka imali ngemini kwiiveki ezimbalwa ezedlule, mhlawumbi uya kuziva unyanzelekile ukuba abuyele kwakhona xa ebuza ukuba unako ukuboleka i-$ 100. Wenze okuthile kuwe, ngoku uziva unyanzelekile ukuba wenze okuthile ngokubuyisela.
- Izizathu zokuqonda. Ngelixa inkcazo yokuguquka iquka ukwenza abanye ngaphandle komvuzo, kusenokwenzeka ukuba kubekho ukukhuthaza kwengqondo engabonakaliyo. Ngokomzekelo, sinokubanceda abanye ukuba banciphise ubunzima bethu okanye ngenxa yokuba nobubele kwabanye baxhasa umbono wethu ngathi ngabantu abanobubele nabanovelwano.
Ezinye iinkcazo zokuqonda ziquka:
- Uvelwano. Abaphandi bacetyisa ukuba abantu banokuzibandakanya ukuziphatha okubi xa beva novelwano ngomntu osixinzelelekileyo, isiphakamiso esaziwayo njengovelwano-ingqondo yokuzimela . Abaphandi baye bafumanisa ukuba abantwana bavame ukunyamekela ngakumbi njengoko uvakalelo lwabo luqala.
- Ukunceda ukukhulula iimvakalelo ezimbi. Ezinye iingcali zicebise ukuba izenzo ezithandwayo zikunceda ukukhulula iimvakalelo ezimbi ezidalwe ngokuqwalasela omnye umntu osixinzelelekileyo, ingcamango ebizwa ngokuba ngumzekelo wokunceda umgangatho ongekho. Okubalulekileyo, ukubona omnye umntu enkingeni kusenza sicasuke, sixinezeleke okanye singakhathazeki, ngoko ukunceda umntu enenkathazweni kunceda ukunciphisa le mizwa engalunganga.
Ukuthelekisa iiNkcazo
Isizathu esiphezulu sokubangela ukuguquka, kunye nombuzo wokuba kukho into enjalo ngokwenene "njengento ecocekileyo", iimeko ezimbini ezichasene nabadlali beengqondo. Ngaba sinokubambisana ekuncedeni abanye ngezizathu ezintle, okanye zikhona iinzuzo ezifihlakeleyo ezikhokelayo zethu eziphathekayo?
Ezinye iingcali zengqondo zentlalo zikholelwa ukuba nangona abantu behlala beziphatha ngokungenakuzenzela ngenxa yezizathu zobugovu, kunokwenzeka ukuba izinto ezinokuthi zenzeke. Abanye baye bathetha ukuba uvelwano kwabanye luhlala lukhokelwa ngumnqweno wokuzinceda. Kungakhathaliseki ukuba ziphi izizathu ezikuyo, ihlabathi lethu liya kuba yindawo enokukhathazeka ngaphandle kokunyaniseka.
> Imithombo:
> Carey, B. Stanford Iingcali zengqondo zibonisa ukuba i-altruism ayifumaneki nje. Report Stanford. Ishicilelwe ngoDisemba 18, 2014.
> Sanderson, CA. Psychology Social. Hoboken, NJ: John Wiley & Son; 2010.
> IYunivesithi yaseMinnesota yeeNcwadi zoPapasho. Ukunceda kunye neAllruism. Ku: Imigaqo yeNtlalo yengqondo . 2010.
> Vedantam, S. Ukuba Ivakalelwa Ukuba Kulungile Ukuba Yinhle, Kungenzeka Ukuba Yiyo Yendalo. IWashington Post. Ipapashwe ngoMeyi 28, 2007.