Isizathu sichazwa njengenkqubo eqala, ekhokela, kwaye igcine iimpawu ezijoliswe kuzo. Isizathu sokubangela ukuba wenze okuthile, nokuba ufumana ingilazi yamanzi ukunciphisa ukoma okanye ukufunda incwadi ukuze ufumane ulwazi.
Ukuqwalasela ngokusondeleyo Isizathu
Iinjongo ziquka izinto eziphilayo, ezengqondo, ezentlalontle kunye nolwazi olusebenzayo.
Ukusetyenziswa kwansuku zonke, i-term motivation is often used to explain why the person does something. Ngokomzekelo, unokuthi umfundi unenjongo yokuba angene kwinkqubo yengqondo yekliniki echitha ubusuku bonke efunda.
"Ixesha elikhuthazayo libhekiselele kwimibandela eyenza ukuba isebenze, iqondise, kwaye igcine iinjongo eziphathiswe ngokuziphatha ... Izizathu kukuba 'kutheni' ukuziphatha-iimfuno okanye ufuna ukuqhuba ukuziphatha nokuchaza oko senzayo. iinjongo, kunoko, sithatha into yokuba ikhona ngokusekelwe ekuziphatheni kwethu. "
(UNevid, 2013)
Yiyiphi eyona nto ilele emva kwezizathu zokuthi kungani senza okuthile? Iingcali zengqondo ziye zaphakamisa iingcamango ezahlukeneyo zokukhuthaza , kubandakanya i- theory , i- theory , kunye nengcamango yabantu. Inyani le nto kukuba kukho imimandla eyahlukeneyo ekhokela kwaye iqondise izizathu zethu.
Iimpawu zoKhuthaza
Nabani na owake waba nenjongo (njengokufuna ukulahlekelwa iipilisi ezili-20 okanye ukuqhuba umqhudelwano) mhlawumbi ngokukhawuleza uyaqonda ukuba ukuthanda nje ukufeza into ayaneleyo.
Ukufezekisa loo njongo kufuna ukuba ukwazi ukuqhubeka nemingcipheko kunye nokunyamezela ukuqhubeka nangona ubunzima .
Kukho izinto ezintathu ezibalulekileyo ekukhuthazeni: ukusebenza, ukuphikelela kunye nokuqina.
- Ukusebenza kuquka isigqibo sokuqalisa ukuziphatha, njengokubhalisa kwiklasi yengqondo.
- Ukunyamezela kuyinzame eqhubekayo ekujoliseni injongo nangona kukho iingxaki. Umzekelo wokunyamezela uza kuthatha iikhosi ezininzi zeengqondo ukuze ufumane idigri nangona kufuna utyalo-mali obalulekileyo ngexesha, amandla kunye nezibonelelo.
- Intsikelelo ibonakala kwixinaniso kunye namandla okuya ekuphishekeleni injongo. Ngokomzekelo, umfundi omnye unokunxweme ngaphandle kwemigudu eninzi, ngelixa omnye umfundi uya kufunda rhoqo, athathe inxaxheba kwiingxoxo, kwaye asebenzise amathuba okuphanda ngaphandle kweklasi. Umfundi wokuqala unqongqo, ngelixa isibini isenza iinjongo zakhe zemfundo ngamandla.
Iingcamango Zokukhuthaza
Ziziphi izinto ezisishukumisela ukuba senze okuthile? Iingcali zengqondo ziye zaphakamisa iingcamango ezahlukeneyo ukucacisa izizathu:
- Izifundo: Inkolelo yemvelo yokhuthazo ibonisa ukuba iziphathamandla zikhuthazwa zizifundo zendalo, ezizinzileyo kunye neendlela zokuziphatha ezizalwayo. Iingcali zengqondo ziquka uWilliam James, uSigmund Freud, noWilliam McDougal baye bathetha inani elithile lezithuthi zomntu ezikhuthaza ukuziphatha. Ezi zinzululwazi zingabandakanya izilwanyana zezinto eziphilayo ezibalulekileyo ekusindeni komzimba njengokwesaba, ukucoceka nothando.
- Imoto kunye Neemfuno: ezininzi iimpawu zokuziphatha ezifana nokutya, ukusela, nokulala zikhuthazwa yi-biology. Unesidingo sezinto eziphilayo zokutya, amanzi kunye nokulala. Ngoko ke, ukhuthazwa ukuba udle, uphuze, ulale. Inkcazo yeDrive ibonisa ukuba abantu banezixhobo eziphambili ze-biological kwaye ukuba iziphatho zakho zikhuthazwa ngumfuno wokuzalisekisa ezi ziqhubi.
- Amanqanaba e-Arousal: Iingcamango zokuvusa iinjongo zibonisa ukuba abantu bayakhuthazwa ukuba bahlanganyele ekuziphatheni okubanceda bahlale benqanaba eliphezulu lokuvusa. Umntu onesidingo esiphakamisayo esingaphantsi angaphinda enze imisebenzi yokuphumla njengokufunda incwadi, ngelixa abantu abaneemfuno eziphakamileyo eziphakamileyo banokukhuthazwa ukuba bahlanganyele ekuziphatheni okuthabathayo, okufana nokukhwela ngesithuthuthu.
I-Extrinsic vs. Intrinsic Motivation
Iintlobo ezahlukeneyo zokukhuthaza zihlala zichazwa njengokuba ziqhamuka okanye ziyi-intrinsic. Izizathu eziphambili zezo zinto zivela ngaphandle komntu kwaye zihlala zibandakanya umvuzo njengama-trophies, imali, ukuhlonelwa kwezenhlalakahle, okanye udumo. Izizathu zokungena kwi-intrinsic yizo ezivela ngaphakathi komntu, njengokwenza i-puzzle ye-crossword eyinkimbinkimbi ngokuzenzekelayo ukuxhaswa kobuqu bokuxazulula ingxaki.
ILizwi
Ukuqonda ukukhuthaza kubalulekile kwiindawo ezininzi zobomi, ukusuka kumzali ukuya kwindawo yokusebenzela. Unokuba ufuna ukusekela iinjongo ezilungileyo kwaye ubeke iinkqubo ezifanelekileyo zokuvuza ukukhuthaza abanye kunye nokwandisa iinjongo zakho . Ulwazi lwezinto ezikhuthazayo kunye nokuzixhaphaza zisetyenziselwa ukuthengisa kunye nezinye iinkalo zengqondo yezoshishino. Yindawo apho kukho inkolelo emininzi kwaye wonke umntu unokuzuza ngokukwazi oko kusebenzayo noko kungenjalo.
> Umthombo:
> Nevid JS. I-Psychology: Iingcamango kunye nezicelo . EBelmont, CA: iWadsworth Cengage Learning; 2013.