Yintoni ekukukhusela kwizinto ezingafanelekanga
Ngaba uye wakha umntu onqwenela ukwenza into owaziyo ukuba ayifanelekanga loo meko-mhlawumbi uhlutha into yokugqoka esitolo kwaye uhambe ngaphandle kwendlu ngaphandle kokuhlawula? Ngaba ulandele? Mhlawumbi hayi-kodwa yintoni eyimisile? Ngokutsho kukaSigmund Freud, oye wakhulelwa ingcamango ye- psychoanalytic yobuntu, into awayibiza ngokuba yinyaniso yenzelwe ukuba ungenzi into enokuthi ifike kwiinkathazo.
Imigaqo Yokwenene Esebenzayo
Ukuqonda umgaqo wokwenyani, kubalulekile ukuba uqale uqonde indlela amaqumrhu amabini afunyenwe ngayo yiFrud. I- id ifuna ukuthotyelwa kwangoko kwezidingo, iimfuno kunye nokucebisa. Ukuba senza ngokuvumelana nento esiyifunayo i-id yethu, sinokuzifumana sithatha ukutya kwesitya somntu ngenxa yokuba sibukeka sihle kakhulu okanye sinobubele kunye nomnye umntu xa sivakalelwa. I-id ibuswa ngumgaqo- mnandi- imbono yokuba iimpembelelo kufuneka zizaliseke ngokukhawuleza.
I- ego , ngakolunye uhlangothi, liyinxalenye yobuntu obujongene neemfuno zeqiniso. Iqinisekisa ukuba iminqweno ye-id iyaneliswa ngeendlela ezisebenzayo kunye ezifanelekileyo-ngamanye amagama, i-ego ilawulwa ngumgaqo wokwenyani.
Umgaqo wokwenene usinceda ukuba sicinge ngengozi, iimfuno kunye neziphumo ezinokwenzeka njengoko senza izigqibo ngokumisa okwesikhashana ukukhutshwa kwamandla e-id kuze kufike ixesha elifanelekileyo nendawo.
Ngamanye amazwi, i-ego ayizami ukukhawuleza, kodwa kunoko, isebenza ukwenza ezinye iimfuno ze-id zidibene ngeendlela ezikhuselekileyo, ezifanelekileyo, ezifanelekileyo. Ngokomzekelo, kunokubamba loo ngceka ye-pizza, i-ego iyakunyanzela ukuba ulinde de ube ungathenga isakhe sakho, ukulibaziseka kufumaneka kwizinto ezibizwa ngokuba yinkqubo yesibini .
Ukufunda kwiindlela ezingafanelekanga
Njengoko unokucinga, umgaqo wokwenene kunye nomgaqo wokuzonwabisa unaphakade. Ngenxa yendima egobekileyo, idlalwa ngokubhekiselele ekubeni inendima ebusayo okanye indima ebuntwini. I-ego isebenza rhoqo kwizinto ezibizwa ngokuba yinyaniso yokuvavanya; kufuneka lifike ngezicwangciso zenkqubo ezinokuthi ziyanelisa iimfuno zethu.
Ngokuqhelekileyo uFrud uqhathanisa ubudlelwane be-id kunye ne-ego eya kwehashe kunye nomkhwele: Ihashe ibonisa id, ilawulwa ngumgaqo wokuzonwabisa kunye nokubonelela amandla ukuzabalalisa iimfuno kunye neminqweno. I-ego ngumgibeli, ehlamba rhoqo kwiingcongolo ze-id ukuze aqhube umntu ukuba enze ngendlela eyamkelekileyo kwaye efanelekileyo.
Ukuphuhliswa kwe-ego ephilileyo, elixhomekeke kumgaqo wokwenene ukulawula iimpembelelo, ukulibazisa ukuxhaswa komnqweno de kukwazi ukudibana ngokufanelekileyo, njalo njalo, inxalenye ebalulekileyo yokuphuhliswa kwengqondo kunye nenye yezinto ezibonakalayo zobuntu obuvuthiweyo . Kubantwana bonke, abantwana bafunda indlela yokulawula zabo izibongozo kwaye baziphathe ngendlela efanelekileyo kuluntu. Abaphandi baye bafumanisa ukuba abantwana abangcono ukulibazisa ukunyaniseka bangaba bhetele ngokucacileyo i-egos, kuba bahlala bexhalabele ngezinto ezifana nokufaneleka kwezentlalo kunye noxanduva.
Imithombo
Freud, S. IziNtshumayelo ezintsha zeNgcaciso kwi-Psychoanalysis. 1933. Eguqulelwe nguWJH Sprott. ENew York: Norton.
Klein, GS "Iimpawu Ezixabisekileyo." KwiRR Holt kunye ne-SE Peterfreund (i-Eds.), I- Psychoanalysis kunye neNzululwazi ye-Contemporary: I-Annual Year of Integration and Interdisciplinary Studies. (I-Vol 1). Ngo-1972 iNew York: iMacmillan.
I-Mischel, W. "Ukukhawuleza ukuxhaswa, ukufuna ukuphumelela, kunye nokufumana enye inkcubeko." I-Journal ye-Psychology engaqhelekanga kunye neNtlalo. 1961. Vol. 62, 543-552.
Zern, D. "Ukhuphiswano olubuyiselwayo: I-Concept yoPhuhliso lweNkcazo yeCandelo leeNkcazo njengeNcazelo yeCompenence" Phenomena. " Umbhalo we-Genetic Psychology. 1973. Vol. 122, 135-162.