Ukuvumelana ngokubanzi malunga noonyulo luka-2016 likamongameli kukuba kukubandezeleka kwaye kunzima kubaviwa kunokuba ukhetho luvela kumashumi eminyaka edlulileyo. Kodwa kukho kubonakala ngathi yiphumo lokurhoxisa kwabavoti ngokunjalo. Ngaba uye wabhekana noxinzelelo ngexesha lekhetho lonyulo olubonakala lugxininisa uxinzelelo lwalukhetho lwangaphambili?
Ukuba kunjalo, awuyedwa.
Amanqanaba okuxinwa
Njengoko usenokuqiqa, abantu baseMerika njengoluhlanga bagxininiswe ngolu lonyulo, kwaye ngoku sinokuhlola ukukhulula ukubonisa. Ngokukodwa, iipesenti ezingama-52 zabantu abadala baseMelika zigxininiswe ngolu lonyulo.
Ngokukodwa, eli phesenti labaphendululweyo latsho nje ukuba ukhetho lwango-2016 lu "luphawu oluthile" okanye "luphawu olubaluleke kakhulu" kubo, ngokubhekiselele kwi-survey eyenziwa kwi-American Psychological Association (APA) yiHarris Poll. I-poll, ebandakanya abantu abangama-3511 abaneminyaka engama-18 okanye ngaphezulu abahlala e-US phakathi kwe-Agasti 5 no-31, inxalenye yengcindezelo yabo yonyaka kwi-America ™ yophando. Ihlola indlela uxinzelelo oluchaphazela ngayo impilo kunye nabantu abadala baseMerika.
Ngenxa yokuba lolu vavanyo luqhutywe ngo-Agasti kwaye luninzi luye lwabakho ukhetho ukususela ngoko, kunokwenzeka ukuba la manqanaba aphakanyisiwe ukusuka kwipota.
Ucwaningo olupheleleyo luya kukhutshwa ngokupheleleyo kulo nyaka-2017. Nangona kunjalo, i-APA ikhuphe iziganeko ezichaphazelekayo zonyulo kusenjenjalo ekuncedeni amaMerika ukuba afumane amaqhinga okujamelana nokunyamezela njengoko ukhetho olubonakala lubonakala luluntu luqhubeka okanye luqinisa.
IiRiphabhlikhi kunye namaDemokhrasi
Kungabonakala ukuba ukhetho luxineke ngakumbi kulawo maqela ngokubhekiselele kwelinye, kuxhomekeke kubani oyicelayo.
Oku akunjalo, nangona kunjalo. Enyanisweni, inxalenye ethile yoxinzelelo yokubandezeleka kwamaMerika abavakalelwa ngoku ngoku kukuba kukuba uvakalelwa kwimida yeqela.
"Sibona ukuba akunandaba nokuba ubhalisiwe njengabantu abadala baseDemokhrasi okanye baseRiphablikhi bathi basebenzakala kakhulu kunyulo lwangoku," utshilo uLynn Bufka, PhD, umlawuli olawulayo ochaphazelekayo we-APA ukwenza uphando kunye nkqubo.
Uninzi lwabaphendulayo kumabini omabini luziva luxinzelelo. Abo babhalisiwe njengezidemokhrasi (iipesenti ezingama-55) kunye namaRiphabhlikhi (ama-59 ekhulwini) anako ukulinganisa ukulingana kokuthi ukhetho luba ngumthombo obalulekileyo woxinzelelo.
Kutheni Ucinga Kangako Kangako?
Nangona sinobunye uxinzelelo ekuzixinzeleleni esizivelayo ngaphezu konyulo, iimvakalelo zethu zokwahlula zifaka isandla kwixinzelelo esizivelayo. Kwaye uninzi lwahlulo luyancipha ngakumbi ngamajelo asekuhlaleni, ngoku ngoku ngoku ukuba umthamo omkhulu wezinto ezithe zabelwana kunye nokuxubusha kwiindaba zentlalo ziphezulu kakhulu, njengokuba zikhungathekile. Ngelishwa, amanqanaba omonde angancipha.
Ngaba uzifumana ufunda (okanye ungene) iingxabano zezombusazwe malunga nento oyithumelayo okanye oko abanye bathi? Abantu abaninzi baze bafumane ukuphikisana nabahlobo babo bahlobo-abantu ababaziyo-njengenxalenye yemihla yabo yemihla ngemihla okanye bafaka ingxabano phakathi kwezihlobo zabo.
Sifunda okanye sabelana ngamabali angabangela ukwesaba okanye aphakamise amanqanaba ethu okukhungatheka njengenxalenye yemizamo yethu yokuhlala ekwaziswa. Oku kuyafana kwaye akuyinto enhle ekusebenzisaneni kwethu.
Uxinzelelo lokunyulwa luye lwaba nzima ngenxa yeengxabano, amabali, imifanekiso kunye nevidiyo kumajelo asekuhlaleni angakwazi ukuphakamisa uxhalelo kunye nokukhungatheka, ngokukodwa ngamashumi amazwana eengcamango ezinokuthi zivela kwizinto ezinobungqina okanye ezinobundlobongela, "kusho uDkt. Bufka.
Inyaniso yokuba ininzi yale mpixano iza emva kweeveki ngaphambi kokuba ixesha elidlulileyo lexesha leeholide liye laqhubeka likwazi ukunyusa uxinzelelo. Khawucinge nje ukulwa izinyo kunye nesilumko kunye namanye amalungu omndeni wakho ongayibona kwiTablegiving; Iingxoxo zezopolitiko zingaphaya kolu xinzelelo.
Awukwazi ukulawula oko bathethayo ke, kodwa unokulawula oko utshoyo nokwenzayo ngoku. Ukunciphisa uxinzelelo kunye nengquzulwano ngoku kunokuthetha iholide ezonwabileyo kwixesha elizayo kwaye ukhuphe ukunyamezela kweentsapho zeholide.
Imidiya yokuncokola
I-media yoluntu sele iyaziwa ngokudala ukuxinezeleka ngezinye iindlela, njengokwenziwa kwayo ukusikhuthaza ukuba siqhathanise nabanye . Akumangalisi ukuba uphando lubonakalise ukuba amajelo asekuhlaleni abonakala echaphazela ama-American's stress stress when it comes to the election and topics related.
Phantse abantu abane kwabadala abayi-10, okanye ama-38 ekhulwini, bathetha ukuba iingxoxo zezopolitiko okanye zenkcubeko ezithintekayo kwiindaba zentlalo zibangela ukuba bacinezeleke. Ukongezelela, abo basebenzisa amajelo asekuhlaleni banokungalinganisa ukhetho njengoko kunzima kakhulu-iipesenti ezingama-54 zabasebenzisi beendaba zoluntu zigxininiswe kakhulu ngolu lonyulo kunye neepesenti ezingama-45 zalabo abahlala kwiimidiya zentlalo.
Ubulili kunye nesizukulwana
Kuye kwagqitywa ngakumbi kugxininiso ngolu hlobo lonyulo, kodwa kukho ukulingana phakathi kwesini xa kuvela ekuxininiseni. Sifanayo naleso siqingatha sabantu besini nababini (ama-51 ekhulwini amadoda kunye nama-52 ekhulwini kwabasetyhini) bafumana olu khetho luba ngumthombo obangela uxinzelelo. Siyahluke ngakumbi ngamacandelo eminyaka.
Ukucacisa, ukunyanzeliswa konyulwa ngo-2016 kuyahluka phakathi kwezizukulwana zaseMerika. Amashumi amahlanu anesithandathu amawaka e-Millennials (abo bazalwa phakathi kuka-1977 no-2000) kunye neepesenti ezingama-45 zalabo "bavuthwa" (abaneminyaka engama-71 nangaphezulu) banokuthi ukhetho luyimthombo obalulekileyo wokuxinzezeleka (ama-56 ekhulwini. 59 ekhulwini, ngokulandelanayo). Oku kubaluleke ngaphezu kweGeneration Xers (iipesenti ezingama-45) kodwa kungekhona i-Boomers (iipesenti ezingama-50).
Iingcebiso zoNcedo
Njengombutho weengqondo zengqondo, i-APA inikeza iingcebiso malunga nokulawula uxinzelelo lwale nyulo oluphawulekayo. Ezi zilandelayo izicwangciso zokulawula uxinzelelo ezinokukunceda uzive ungagxininisekanga kakhulu phakathi kwexesha kunye noonyulo (amanani amaninzi amalungiselelo asebenzayo ekulawuleni uxinzelelo ngaphaya koNovemba ngokunjalo):
- Nciphisa iindaba zakho zokungena . Kubalulekile ukuba uhlale unolwazi, kodwa kulula kakhulu ukuphazamiseka yiindaba ezi ntsuku. Ukuba ufumana amanqanaba oxinzelelo okhulayo njengoko udla amanqaku malunga nento eyenzekayo kwihlabathi lezopolitiko, faka umda kwi-media yakho. Oku akuthethi ukuba uthengele intloko yakho entlabathi, kodwa kunokuba udale imida efanelekileyo kwimida yakho neendaba. Funda nje ngokwaneleyo ukuba uhlale unolwazi, kodwa ke uthathe ikhefu. Le ngongoma enempilo yokugcina nangona emva kokhetho. "Vala i-newsfeed okanye uthabathe idijithali," iphakamisa i-APA. "Thatha ixesha, uhambe uhambe, okanye uchithe ixesha kunye nabahlobo kunye nosapho wenza izinto ozonandiphayo." Ngamanye amazwi, khumbula uze uvakalise ubomi bakho bonke.
- Ukugcina iMida kunye neNtlonelo kulwalamano. Akunakuze uyeke ukuxoxa ngezopolitiko ngokupheleleyo, kodwa ukunciphisa ixesha ochithayo ukuphikisana malunga nezopolitiko ngumgomo ofanelekileyo. Ukungquzulana kudala amanqanaba aphezulu oxinzelelo . Ngoko ukuqonda kunye nokuhlonipha ngeengxoxo zezopolitiko kuyimfuneko. Ukunciphisa inani lobudlelwane ebomini bakho obuchaphazelekayo ngquzulwano lunokunciphisa amanqanaba oxinzelelo. Oku kuthetha ukuthintela iingxoxo ezinokuthi zibe ziingxabano okanye ziphephe abantu abagxininisa kule ngxabano, ubuncinane ngoku. ( Nazi ezinye izicwangciso ezinokukunceda .) Ngaphandle kwalabo abanomqondo ofanayo, zama ukugxininisa kwezinye iindawo, ngokukodwa ukuba oko uvumelanayo kwindlela izinto ezinzima ngayo. Thetha ngakumbi malunga nezinto oxoxe ngazo phambi kokhetho, izinto ozithandayo.
- Musa Uloyiko Ngekamva. Oku kunokuba ukhetho lokuxhalabisa ngenxa yokuba kukho ubuninzi. Nangona kunjalo, ukulinganisa kungase kukuhlasele kakhulu kunokwenzeka, ukuxinezeleka kunye nokuxhalaba malunga noko kwenzekayo akuvelanga. Esikhundleni sokuzixhalabisa okanye uxolo , i-APA icebisa ukuba "unxibelelise ukukhathazeka kwakho ukuze wenze umehluko olungileyo kwimicimbi oyinyamekelayo. Cinga ngokuvolontiya kwindawo yakho, ukuxhasa umbandela oyixhasayo okanye ukujoyina iqela lendawo. "Oku kungathi ukubandakanyeka ngakumbi kwezopolitiko kwinqanaba lendawo apho unokukwazi ukwenza umgama omkhulu-mhlawumbi nabahlobo kule nkqubo.
- Ukugcina ingqalelo. Kucinga kakhulu ukuphazamisa oko kwenzekayo ukuba umviwa wakho okhethiweyo akaphumelelanga ngoNovemba 8 th . Kodwa iMerika inenhlanhla yokuba nenkqubo yezopolitiko equlekele amasebe amathathu karhulumente ukuba anike ukuvumelana njengoko sikhetha iinkokeli ezintsha. Oku kuthetha ukuba iMelika iya kuhamba ngendlela efana nayo ngaphambili. I-APA icebisa ukuba "ugweme ukuphazamisa" okanye ukwenza izinto kunye nekamva ziziva zibi ngakumbi kunokuba 'zize zigcine ingqiqo.'
- Vote. Ukhetho lunokubangela uxinzelelo kuba sinokuziva singenamandla okanye singakwazi ukulawula isigqibo sento ekhethiweyo, nangona sichaphazela. Ukugcina ingqalelo yokulawula komntu siqu kunokukunceda uzive ukhululekile kakhulu. "Kwidemokhrasi, ilizwi lommi liyinto ebalulekileyo," i-APA isikhumbuza. "Ngokuvota, uya kuba nethemba lokuba uya kuthatha isinyathelo esisebenzayo kwaye uthatha inxaxheba kwizinto ezininzi eziye zazingumngcipheko wokhetho lonyulo. Fumana ulwazi olulinganisiweyo ukufunda bonke abaviwa kunye nemiba evoti yakho (kungekhona nje uhlanga lomongameli), yenza izigqibo ezinolwazi, kwaye ugqoke isitika sakho "ndivotele" ngokuqhosha. "
Amacandelo okuLawula ngokubanzi
Enye inzuzo efihliweyo yoxinzelelo oluvela kulolu lonyulo kukuba liyanikhumbuza ukubaluleka kokulawulwa kwengcinezelo. Ezi zingentla zicwangciso ezixabisekileyo zokunciphisa uxinzelelo lonyulo, kodwa kubalulekile ukwenza ulawulo loxinzelelo luyingxenye ebomini yobomi bakho njengendlela yokugcina impilo yakho kunye nobuhle ngaphaya kwelo lonyulo.
Oku kuthetha ukudala imikhwa engakunceda ukuba uqiniseke ukunyamezela. Kwakhona kunokuthetha ukuba uyazi ngakumbi xa uziva unxinekile ebomini bakho ngokubanzi kwaye uyazi ukuba izicwangciso zenzelwe ntoni ukunciphisa uxinzelelo ngexesha .
Ekugqibeleni, qaphela ezinye izinto zokuxinezeleka ebomini bakho kwaye unqumle uxinzelelo onako. Ngoko ke, yintoni oshiywe ngayo ngumlinganiselo woxinzelelo olawulwayo. Zizo zonke iindlela onokuzenza ngayo xa ujamelana noxinzelelo kwaye uzivumele ukuba uzive ukhululekileyo lolawulo lomntu kunye nenqanaba elikhulu lethemba lakho kwikamva lakho ngaphaya ko lonyulo luka-2016.
> Umthombo:
I-American Psychological Association Ukuxinezeleka kwi-American Survey . 2017.